高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法必考考點(diǎn)7動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)

1、2019年高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法必考考點(diǎn)（7）：動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)含解析李仕才【考點(diǎn)解讀】一、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)1一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(1)表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作和現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)、特征。句中常用often, usually, every day等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。Works of popular writers often have a lot of readers.On Monday mornings it usually takes me an hour to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles.(2)表示客觀事實(shí)、普遍真理或自然現(xiàn)象，無論在什么情

2、況下都用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示。“Life is like walking in the snow，” Granny used to say，“because every step shows.”So what is the procedure?All the applicants are interviewed before a final decision is made by the authority.(3)在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，用現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來時(shí)。My parents have promised to come to see me before I leave for Africa

3、.(4)表示按計(jì)劃、時(shí)刻表規(guī)定要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，但限于少數(shù)動(dòng)詞。如begin, come, leave, go, arrive, start, stop, return, open, close等。The flight takes off at 2：30 every Wednesday and Friday.2一般過去時(shí)(1)表示過去的事情、動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與表示過去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用(或上下文語(yǔ)境有暗示)；用于表示過去的習(xí)慣；表示說話人原來沒有料到、想到的事。I didnt realize then, but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon.Mic

4、haels father always helped the poor as he believed it made everyone happier.I was lucky: I became a pilot in 1970, almost ten years before I graduated from medical school.(2)注意句型：was/were about to do . when .中when后從句的動(dòng)詞用過去式。I was about to go to bed when the telephone rang.3現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：so far, rece

5、ntly, lately, once/twice/three .times, before, ever, by now, in the last/past few years, over a long time, up to now, yet, already, just, since等。主要用于以下幾種情況：(1)表示過去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。Look! Somebody has cleaned the sofa.Well, it wasnt me. I didnt do it.(2)表示從過去某一時(shí)間開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。They have been good f

6、riends since they met at a meeting.Shakespeares play Hamlet has been made into at least ten different films over the past years.(3)下列句型中常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。It is (has been)一段時(shí)間since從句This (That/It) is the first (second .) timethat從句This is the first time we have seen a film in the cinema together as a family.在條

7、件、時(shí)間、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，表示將來某時(shí)以前已完成的動(dòng)作。When shall we restart our business?Not until we have finished our plan.4過去完成時(shí)(1)過去某一時(shí)間或某一動(dòng)作前已完成的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。過去某一時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)到過去另一時(shí)間，還可能持續(xù)下去。常與for, since等構(gòu)成的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。He was unhappy when he sold his guitar. After all, he had had it for a very long time.We first met on a train in 2

8、010.We both felt immediately that we had known each other for years.(2)有些動(dòng)詞有時(shí)用過去完成時(shí)表示過去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望、打算或意圖。這類動(dòng)詞常見的有：hope, plan, mean, expect, intend, suppose, want, think等。I had hoped to be back last night, but I didnt catch the train.(3)在特殊句式hardly/scarcely .when .; no sooner .than .中，主句常用過去完成時(shí)，該句式意為“一就；

9、剛就”。Hardly (No sooner) had I got home when (than) the rain poured down.5將來完成時(shí)將來完成時(shí)表示到將來某一時(shí)間，某一動(dòng)作將會(huì)完成，常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)為“by將來的某個(gè)時(shí)間”。I hear that Jason is planning to buy a car.I know. By next month, he will have saved enough for a used one.6現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示說話時(shí)正在發(fā)生著的一個(gè)動(dòng)作；表示現(xiàn)階段但不一定是發(fā)生在講話時(shí)的一個(gè)動(dòng)作；表近期特定的安排或計(jì)劃；go, come等表示起止動(dòng)作的

10、動(dòng)詞可用進(jìn)行時(shí)代替將來時(shí)。You are always studying in the library. Why not have a picnic this afternoon?7過去進(jìn)行時(shí)(1)過去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或某動(dòng)作在某一階段內(nèi)發(fā)生或頻繁發(fā)生。Did you catch what I said?Sorry. I was answering a text message just now.Have you finished reading JaneEyre?No, I was doing my homework all day yesterday.(2)某一動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)另一動(dòng)作正在

11、進(jìn)行，其中的持續(xù)性動(dòng)作用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，短暫性動(dòng)作用一般過去時(shí)。I dont understand why you didnt go to the lecture yesterday afternoon.Im so sorry. But I was doing my homework.8現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)(1)表示從過去某時(shí)開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，并且現(xiàn)在還在進(jìn)行。The girl has a great interest in sport and has been taking badminton classes twice a week over the last three years.(2)

12、表示從過去某時(shí)開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，在說話時(shí)剛剛結(jié)束。Where have you been？We have been looking for you everywhere.9將來進(jìn)行時(shí)將來進(jìn)行時(shí)可用于表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或者將來某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。將來進(jìn)行時(shí)常與一些標(biāo)志性的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。這些常見的標(biāo)志性狀語(yǔ)有：at this time tomorrow/the day after tomorrow, from 1:30 to 4:30 tomorrow/the day after tomorrow。Can I call you back at two oclock th

13、is afternoon?Im sorry, but by then I will be flying to Beijing. How about five?二、動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)英語(yǔ)中動(dòng)詞有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。做有關(guān)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的題目可以分兩步走：第一步確定正確的時(shí)態(tài)，第二步確定正確的語(yǔ)態(tài)。判斷用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)還是用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的根據(jù)是看主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系：如果是主謂關(guān)系則用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，如果是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系則用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成(以write為例)時(shí)間一般時(shí)態(tài)進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)完成時(shí)態(tài)現(xiàn)在am/is/are writtenam/is/are be

14、ing writtenhas/have been written過去was/were writtenwas/were being writtenhad been written將來shall/will be written1.get過去分詞表被動(dòng)They got married last week.He fell and got hurt.2主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義(1)系動(dòng)詞look, feel, sound, smell, taste, seem, appear, go, prove, turn等形容詞/名詞。The dish tastes delicious.His plan proved (

15、to be) practical.(2)表示主語(yǔ)的某種屬性的詞：read, write, drive, sell, wash, clean, wear, open, shut等，其主語(yǔ)往往是物。What about the books?Books of this kind sell well.The door wont open.The pen writes smoothly.(3)be worth后常接動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。A lot of small towns in the area are definitely worth visiting.(4)need, want, req

16、uire, deserve等動(dòng)詞后用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。Most house plants require regular watering.三、解題技巧動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)是歷年高考英語(yǔ)測(cè)試的重中之重，一般占12道題。命題思路有三：一是直接給出標(biāo)志性時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，考生能依據(jù)所給時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)作出選擇；二是給出時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，但所給時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有著較強(qiáng)的干擾性，考生不能直接根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)作出選擇，需要結(jié)合語(yǔ)境判斷；三是沒有任何時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，需要借助于上下文語(yǔ)境，才能作出正確判斷?？忌鷳?yīng)熟知常用時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成及用法。高考題往往不會(huì)涉及單一的時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)，而是更多地側(cè)重于時(shí)態(tài)的交叉使用和呼應(yīng)及與語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)合使用。所以

17、解題時(shí)一定要結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，弄清時(shí)間的先后關(guān)系，可根據(jù)不同情況采取“找標(biāo)法”(尋找時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞)、“呼應(yīng)法”(主從句時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng))、“搭配法”(固定搭配)、“語(yǔ)境法”等解題技巧。1、識(shí)別標(biāo)志詞如果題干中有標(biāo)志性的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，則往往可以根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)選擇相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)。例More than a dozen students in that school _ abroad to study medicine last year.A. sent B. were sent C. had sent D. had been sent解析 此題有明顯的時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞last year，提示我們應(yīng)該使用一般過去時(shí)；句中的主語(yǔ)stud

18、ents是被送的對(duì)象，應(yīng)該使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。答案為B。動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)一般都有其相應(yīng)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，請(qǐng)同學(xué)們熟記下列8種常用時(shí)態(tài)所對(duì)應(yīng)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：(1)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：often, always, usually, seldom, now, every day等。(2)一般過去時(shí)：then, yesterday, last week, after that, ago, in the following/next few months等。(3)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：now, right now, at present, at this moment, these days等。(4)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：then, at that t

19、ime, at this time yesterday等。(5)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)： recently, lately, up to/till now, so far, in the past/last few months/years, for+一段時(shí)間, since + 一點(diǎn)時(shí)間等。(6)過去完成時(shí)：before, by the end of last month/years等。(7)一般將來時(shí)：tomorrow, today, next week/month, in an hour, in the coming/following few weeks等。(8)過去將來時(shí)：the followin

20、g month, the next week等。命題角度及對(duì)策高考測(cè)試動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)須與句中時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，常在題干中加入具體情景，以測(cè)試考生對(duì)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)知識(shí)的實(shí)際運(yùn)用能力。敏銳捕捉時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞，并結(jié)合具體的語(yǔ)境，選擇出正確的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)，是解決此類問題的良策。2、主從時(shí)態(tài)須呼應(yīng)如果所給題干是主從復(fù)合句，可根據(jù)主從句時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)的原則選出正確的時(shí)態(tài)。命題角度及對(duì)策：近年來高考考查主從句的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)時(shí),常放在真實(shí)的并且符合實(shí)際的語(yǔ)境中進(jìn)行考查。在根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)原則解題時(shí)，要把握好以下幾點(diǎn):(1)在時(shí)間、條件等狀語(yǔ)從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示一般將來時(shí)，一般過去時(shí)表示過去將來時(shí),用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示將來完成時(shí)。(2)正確認(rèn)定主

21、句動(dòng)詞及從句動(dòng)詞兩個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間，并認(rèn)真體會(huì)命題者所給出的語(yǔ)境。(3)解答賓語(yǔ)從句與主句時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)題時(shí)，考生應(yīng)熟知以下規(guī)則：主句動(dòng)詞為現(xiàn)在時(shí)，則從句動(dòng)詞可根據(jù)需要使用任何時(shí)態(tài)；主句動(dòng)詞為過去時(shí)，則從句動(dòng)詞須用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪^去的某種時(shí)態(tài)(表示客觀真理時(shí)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))。3、仔細(xì)體會(huì)語(yǔ)境近年來高考試題對(duì)時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)考查的要求越來越高，大部分試題趨向情境化、實(shí)際化，因此，仔細(xì)體會(huì)所給語(yǔ)境，根據(jù)具體語(yǔ)境選擇合適的時(shí)態(tài)是考生需要重點(diǎn)解決的問題。例：Do you think we should accept that offer?Yes, we should, for we_ such bad luck up ti

22、ll now, and time_ out.A. have had; is running B. had; is runningC. have; has been run D. have had; has been run【答案解析】 A。由時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞up till now知道，動(dòng)作是從過去延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，所以第一空要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí);而根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知時(shí)間快要耗光了，所以第二空要用進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來。Can you tell me the timetable of the _school bus?Well, the bus _here for the _campus at 7:00 a.m.A. will l

23、eave B. left C.is leaving D. leaves【答案解析】 D?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)，“校班車的時(shí)間表”是規(guī)定好的事情，表示一般性動(dòng)作用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)?！菊骖}分析】一、單項(xiàng)選擇1. (2018·北京卷) Hi, Im Peter. Are you new here? I havent seen you around?Hello, Peter. Im Bob. I just _ on Monday.A. start B. have started C. started D. had started【答案】C2. (2018·北京卷) Susan had quit he

24、r well-paid job and _ as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year.A. is working B. was working C. has worked D. had worked【答案】B【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意: Susan已經(jīng)辭去了高薪的工作。去年當(dāng)我探望她的時(shí)候，她正在一個(gè)社區(qū)里做志愿者。Susan辭職發(fā)生在地當(dāng)志愿者之前，是過去完時(shí)態(tài)，過去完時(shí)態(tài)通俗的說就是“過去的過去”，且結(jié)合時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) when I visited her last year可知，Susan做志愿者是過去的某個(gè)時(shí)間

25、段發(fā)生的情況，故該空應(yīng)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。B選項(xiàng)正確3. (2018·北京卷) Chinas high-speed railways _ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.A. are growing B. have grown C. will grow D. had grown【答案】B4. (2018·北京卷) A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _ in the mountains for two days.A. are t

26、rapping B. have been trapped C. were trapping D. had been trapped【答案】D【解析】考查語(yǔ)和付態(tài)。句意：一個(gè)救援人員冒著生命危險(xiǎn)挽救了兩個(gè)被困在山里兩天的旅游者。 “who_ in the mountains for two days”是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾 two tourists；two tourists和tap之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，該空應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。由 risked可知，營(yíng)救人員救游客是過去的事情，被困兩天發(fā)生在營(yíng)救人員救了他們之前，即過去的過去”，該空應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)。綜上，D選項(xiàng)正確。5.(2018·天津卷) My was

27、hing machine _ this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.A. was repaired B. is repairedC. is being repaired D. has been repaired【答案】C【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：這周我的洗衣機(jī)正在修，所以我不得不手洗衣服。根據(jù)后句so I have to wash my clothes by hand.可知，洗衣機(jī)正在修，故用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選C。6. (2018·江蘇卷) Hopefully in 2025 we

28、0;will no longer be e-mailing each other, for we _ more convenient electronic communication tools by then.A. have developed B. had developedC. will have developed D. developed【答案】C【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：希望在2025年，我們不再互相發(fā)電子郵件，因?yàn)榈侥菚r(shí)候我們將開發(fā)更方便的電子通信工具。

29、根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in 2025，可知用將來時(shí)；再根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)by then到那時(shí)，可知用完成時(shí)。結(jié)合兩者可知用將來完成時(shí)。故選C。7. (2018·江蘇) I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan _ in the past two years.A. had been carried out B. woul

30、d be carried outC. is being carried out D. has been carried out【答案】A【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：上個(gè)月我被派到村里去看看在過去的兩年里發(fā)展計(jì)劃是如何執(zhí)行的。根據(jù)句中時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)last month和in the past two years可知用過去完成時(shí)。故選A。8. (2017·江蘇卷) He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he _.A. was being followed B. was following C. had b

31、een followed D. followed【答案】A9. (2017·北京卷) People_ better access to health care than they used to, and theyre living longer as a result.A. will haveB. haveC. hadD. had had【答案】B【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：人們有著比過去更好的醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)，結(jié)果他們更長(zhǎng)壽。與過去對(duì)比是現(xiàn)在，所以than前一句話是用現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間，而且后一句用的就是現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，所以前面也用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，故選B。10. (2017·北京卷) In the 1

32、950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones _ yet. A. havent invented B. havent been invented C. hadnt invented D. hadnt been invented【答案】D【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：在美國(guó)20世紀(jì)50年代的時(shí)候，大多數(shù)的家庭家里只有一部電話，并且無線電話還根本沒有發(fā)明出來。根據(jù)句意可知用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，排除AC，事情發(fā)生在過去，與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)，不用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，排除B，故選D，過去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。二、單句填空1.

33、 (2018·新課標(biāo)I卷) While running regularly can make you live forever, the review says it _ (be)more effective at lengthening life than walking ,cycling or swimming.【答案】is【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：雖然經(jīng)常跑步不能使你永遠(yuǎn)活著，但是評(píng)論說經(jīng)常跑步在延長(zhǎng)生命這方面比步行更有效。此處用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示客觀事實(shí)，it是第三人稱單數(shù)，故答案為is。2. (2018·新課標(biāo)II卷)Diets have changed i

34、n China-and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country_ (grow) more corn than rice.【答案】has grown【解析】考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。由句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)since 2011可知用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語(yǔ)the country是單數(shù)，故答案為has grown。3. (2018·新課標(biāo)III卷) True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal _(mean)me no real harm.【答案】meant【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)

35、態(tài)。 由上下文可知此處用一般過去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用過去時(shí)，故答案為meant。4. (2018·浙江卷)I still remember visiting a friend who'd lived here for five years and I_(shock) when I learnt she hadn't cooked once in all that time.【答案】was shocked5. (2017·新課標(biāo)I卷)When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is mis

36、sing something【答案】are removed【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。本文的主體時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，此處亦應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；又fat and salt是動(dòng)詞remove的承受者，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。所以此處填are removed。6. (2017·新課標(biāo)II卷)Later, engineers 68 (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known to the tube【答案】managed【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。因?yàn)閑ngineers與manage之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系

37、，而且是發(fā)生在過去的事情，所以填managed。7. (2017·新課標(biāo)III卷) Sarah 63 (tell) that she could be Britains new supermodel earning a million dollars in the new year【答案】has been told/was told 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。此處動(dòng)詞tell與Sarah是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因?yàn)榈诙卧谥v述父親和Sarah的想法時(shí)都是用現(xiàn)在時(shí)，因此可以用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表達(dá)過去對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，故可以填has been told。此外，“被告知”這件事情發(fā)生在過去，故也可填was t

38、old。8. (2017·新課標(biāo)III卷) But at the moment, school 69 (come) first. I don't want to get too absorbed in modeling.【答案】comes【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。全文均為現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且school是第三人稱單數(shù)，故填comes。9. (2017·浙江卷)Pahlsson and her husband 62 (search) the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing.【答案】searched【解析】考

39、查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)本段的基本時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)及語(yǔ)境可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)表示發(fā)生在過去的動(dòng)作 故填searched。10. (2016·新課標(biāo)I卷)So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I 62 (allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre.【答案】was allowed 三、單句

40、改錯(cuò)1. (2018·新課標(biāo)I卷)During my last winter holiday, I went to the countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a big change there.【答案】findfound【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)，上文有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)last winter holiday，可知用過去時(shí)態(tài)，故答案為find改為found。2. (2018·新課標(biāo)II卷) I didn't realize how right my parents are until I enter

41、ed high school.【答案】arewere【解析】I didn't realize how right my parents are的are改為were。3. (2018·新課標(biāo)III卷)It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin.【答案】beginbegun【解析】句意：這是周一的早晨，寫作課剛剛開始。過去完成時(shí)had+過去分詞，而begin是動(dòng)詞原形，故答案為begin改為begun。4. (2017·新課標(biāo)I卷) I thought I had learned the ins

42、tructor's orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank.【答案】goeswent【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。本文講述作者18歲生日后的那個(gè)暑假發(fā)生的事情, 且通篇以過去時(shí)為主。此處應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí), 故把goes改為went。5. (2017·新課標(biāo)II卷)When summer comes, they will invite their students to pick the fresh vegetables!【答案】amecomes【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。因?yàn)橹骶洳糠譃橐话銓頃r(shí)態(tài), 所以此處的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)使用

43、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來意義。6. (2017·新課標(biāo)III卷)About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club.【答案】tooktaken becomebecame 。7. (2016·新課標(biāo)I卷)It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even had to wait outside

44、.【答案】hadhave【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。整篇文章都是以現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)寫的, 所以需將一般過去時(shí)改為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。8. (2016·新課標(biāo)II卷)Some classmates suggest we should go to places of interest nearby. I thought that it is a good idea.【答案】thoughtthink?！窘馕觥靠疾閯?dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。全文的時(shí)態(tài)均以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為主, 故此處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。9. (2016·新課標(biāo)III卷) However, my parents didn't seem to think so

45、. They always tell me what to do and how to do it.【答案】telltold【解析】考查語(yǔ)篇中時(shí)態(tài)的一致性。全文中心時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí), 故應(yīng)將tell改為told。10. (2018· )Both Dad and I planned to do something on Mother's Day. We get up early in the morning. Dad cleaned the house, and then went shopping.【答案】getgot【解析】前句與后句都是過去時(shí), 所以用一般過去時(shí)?！緦?duì)點(diǎn)測(cè)

46、試】一、單項(xiàng)選擇1. (2018·海淀二模) How was your vacation in Seattle?Pretty good. In the evenings I _ to pubs to enjoy beer.A. have gone B. goC. had gone D. went【答案】D2. (2018·海淀二模) He messed the project up, but he behaved as if nothing _.A. had happened B. happenedC. would happen D. would have happened

47、【答案】A【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：他把這個(gè)項(xiàng)目搞糟了，但他表現(xiàn)的好像什么也沒發(fā)生一樣。as if引導(dǎo)的從句表示與事實(shí)相反的情況時(shí)，應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。該句表示對(duì)過去的虛擬，根據(jù)as if的虛擬規(guī)則，該處應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)。A選項(xiàng)正確。3. (2018·海淀二模) By now 516 Confucius Institutes _in 142 countries and regions, according to the Confucius Institute Headquarters.A. founded B. would foundC. have been founded D. had

48、 been founded【答案】C【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：根據(jù)孔子學(xué)院總部的統(tǒng)計(jì)，到現(xiàn)在為止，全世界142個(gè)國(guó)家和地區(qū)已經(jīng)建立了516個(gè)孔子學(xué)院。主語(yǔ)516 Confucius Institutes 7和foud之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，該句應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。且 by now做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。綜上，該空應(yīng)填 have been founded。C選項(xiàng)正確。4. (2018·海淀二模) I _up my mind what I was going to say in the seminar, but it was cancelled.A. have made B. had

49、 madeC. was making D. would make【答案】B5. (2018·天津市一中) The singers music video nearly 9 million times since it was posted on the Internet four weeks ago.A. viewed B. has viewedC. was viewed D. has been viewed【答案】D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)辨析。A. viewed，一般過去式；B. was viewed過去式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；C. has viewed，現(xiàn)在完成式；D. has bee

50、n viewed，現(xiàn)在完成式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：自從四個(gè)星期前這位歌手的音樂視頻被放在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上，這個(gè)視頻的訪問量達(dá)到了將近9百萬次。since從句用一般過去時(shí)，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)has done形式，又因music video是被訪問的，故要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選D。6. (2018·濱海7校聯(lián)考) Is Peter coming? No, he _ his mind after a phone call at the last minute.A.changes B. changedC. was changing D. had changed【答案】B【解析】試題分析：句意：彼得來了嗎？沒有，

51、剛才接到一個(gè)電話后改變主意了。根據(jù)at the last minute在最后一秒可能發(fā)生在過去，故用一般過去時(shí)?？键c(diǎn)：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。7. (2018·江蘇97校聯(lián)考) Dora, do you think Jacks proposal reasonable?Im sorry I have missed that, but actually I _ about another one.A. thought B. have thoughtC. had thought D. was thinking【答案】D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：-多拉，你認(rèn)為杰克的建議合理嗎？-對(duì)不起，我沒聽見。

52、實(shí)際上我剛才在考慮另外一種想法。表示剛才正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。故選D.8. (2018·江蘇97校聯(lián)考) You look pretty tired today!I an environmental report over the last few days, which should be submitted to the boss tomorrow.A. wrote B. was writingC. had written D. have been writing【答案】D9. (2018·江蘇淮海中學(xué)等) You look pretty tired today

53、!I an environmental report over the last few days, which should be submitted to the boss tomorrow.A. wrote B. was writingC. had written D. have been writing【答案】D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：-你今天看起來很累！- 在過去的幾天里我一直在寫一個(gè)環(huán)境報(bào)告，這個(gè)報(bào)告明天應(yīng)要提交給老板。表示從幾天前開始一直進(jìn)行持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，故選D.10. (2018· 江蘇鹽城中學(xué)等)Dora, do you think Jac

54、ks proposal reasonable?Im sorry I have missed that, but actually I _ about another one.A. thought B. have thoughtC. had thought D. was thinking【答案】D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：-多拉，你認(rèn)為杰克的建議合理嗎？-對(duì)不起，我沒聽見。實(shí)際上我剛才在考慮另外一種想法。表示剛才正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。故選D.二、單句填空1. (2018·河南南陽(yáng)一中) Richthoften named the trade and communication

55、 network the Silk Road. Since then the term 43(accept) globally.【答案】has been accepted【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。由Since then可判斷出用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，且the term與accept之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，填has been accepted。2. (2018·河南鄭州市一中)This opening led to a cave, so they decided to have a look around it. The walls of the cave were 44 (c

56、over) with ancient art.【答案】covered【解析】本題考查了動(dòng)詞變型。句意為：洞窟里面是壁畫。此題是動(dòng)詞變型題，墻壁被畫作覆蓋。應(yīng)當(dāng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。確定答案covered。3. (2018·河南鄭州市一中) These paintings look exactly the same as the Lascaux Cave Paintings. People 50 (make) the paintings so that everyone can still learn about this great ancient civilization.【答案】(have

57、) made4. (2018·重慶市一中)Since the Ming Dynasty, it's estimated that the Forbidden City_44_ (survive) more than 200 earthquakes.【答案】has survived【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)，根據(jù)句意：自明朝以來，據(jù)估計(jì)紫禁城已經(jīng)經(jīng)歷了超過200次的地震。用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，故填has survived。5. (2018·河南鄭州市)Building on German scientist Albert Einsteins work, Hawking explained his belief that space 45 (start) with the Big Bang, and will end with black holes.【答案】started【解析】考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。Hawking解釋了他相信宇宙是從宇宙大爆炸開始的，并將以黑