云南省2021年中考英語總復(fù)習(xí)第2部分語法專題復(fù)習(xí)語法十非謂語動(dòng)詞課件

1、云南語法十非謂語動(dòng)詞考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)一 動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)詞不定式的基本形式是動(dòng)詞不定式的基本形式是“to動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形”，否定形式是在，否定形式是在不定式前加不定式前加not。動(dòng)詞不定式具有動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)，可以有自己。動(dòng)詞不定式具有動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)，可以有自己的賓語和狀語，但沒有人稱與數(shù)的變化，在句中也不能作謂的賓語和狀語，但沒有人稱與數(shù)的變化，在句中也不能作謂語，動(dòng)詞不定式及其賓語和狀語構(gòu)成不定式短語。語，動(dòng)詞不定式及其賓語和狀語構(gòu)成不定式短語。1作主語作主語動(dòng)詞不定式作主語時(shí)，可以用動(dòng)名詞替換且常用動(dòng)詞不定式作主語時(shí)，可以用動(dòng)名詞替換且常用it作形式主作形式主語，把動(dòng)詞不定式后置，常構(gòu)成語，把動(dòng)詞

2、不定式后置，常構(gòu)成“Itbeadj.(for sb.)動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)詞不定式”。Its important (for us) to protect the environment.(對(duì)我們來對(duì)我們來說說)保護(hù)環(huán)境很重要。保護(hù)環(huán)境很重要。2作表語作表語My job is to teach English.我的工作是教英語。我的工作是教英語。3作賓語或賓語補(bǔ)足語作賓語或賓語補(bǔ)足語(1)接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞或短語有接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞或短語有want, begin/start, love, forget, remember, teach, decide, agree, seem, would

3、like, plan等。等。(2)接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞有接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞有ask, tell, invite, allow, want, wish, encourage等。等。(3)在使役動(dòng)詞在使役動(dòng)詞make, let, have和感官系動(dòng)詞和感官系動(dòng)詞feel, look, smell等等的后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，不定式符號(hào)的后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，不定式符號(hào)to要省略。要省略。help后的不后的不定式可帶定式可帶to也可不帶也可不帶to。4作定語作定語I have a lot of homework to do.我有許多家庭作業(yè)要做。我有許多家庭作業(yè)要做。動(dòng)詞不定式與所修

4、飾的名詞之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，如果動(dòng)詞不動(dòng)詞不定式與所修飾的名詞之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，如果動(dòng)詞不定式是不及物動(dòng)詞，其后要有相關(guān)的介詞。定式是不及物動(dòng)詞，其后要有相關(guān)的介詞。The cat is easy to take care of.這只貓很容易照顧。這只貓很容易照顧。5作狀語作狀語Mrs. Wang went to Shanghai to see her daughter.王太太去上王太太去上海看她女兒。海看她女兒。(目的目的)Were glad to meet you here.我們很高興在這兒見到你。我們很高興在這兒見到你。(原原因因)He is too tired to work on.他太累了

5、不能繼續(xù)工作了。他太累了不能繼續(xù)工作了。(結(jié)果結(jié)果)6“疑問詞動(dòng)詞不定式疑問詞動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)疑問詞疑問詞who, what, when, where, how, which等后接動(dòng)詞不定等后接動(dòng)詞不定式，在句中作主語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、表語等。式，在句中作主語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、表語等。The teacher is telling the students what to do.老師正告訴學(xué)生老師正告訴學(xué)生們做什么。們做什么。He didnt know where to go(where he should go)他不知他不知道該去哪里。道該去哪里。7含動(dòng)詞不定式的特殊句型與短語含動(dòng)詞不

6、定式的特殊句型與短語too. to.太太而不能而不能Why dont you do sth.？為什么不做某事？為什么不做某事？had better do sth.最好做某事最好做某事prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.寧愿做某事，而不愿做某寧愿做某事，而不愿做某事事make sb. do sth.讓某人做某事讓某人做某事be made to do sth.被迫做某事被迫做某事1(2018湖北咸寧中考改編湖北咸寧中考改編)Remember some fruit when you come back.Abuying Bto buyCbuy Dbought2(2

7、018湖南長沙中考改編湖南長沙中考改編)The weather report says its going to have a shower this afternoon.It does? Wed better now, just in case.Ato leave BleavingCleave Dleft3(2018甘肅張掖中考甘肅張掖中考)My two cousins decide a business together.Ato start BstartingCstart Dstarted4(2018黑龍江齊齊哈爾中考改編黑龍江齊齊哈爾中考改編)We set up this group d

8、isabled people like Ben Smith.Ahelp Bto helpChelping Dhelps5(2018黑龍江綏化中考改編黑龍江綏化中考改編)People are supposed hands when they meet for the first time in America.Ashaking Bto shakeCshake Dshook6(2018貴州中考貴州中考)Parents should always tell their kids with strangers.Anot to talk Bnot talkingCto not talk Dnot tal

9、k7(2018四川成都中考改編四川成都中考改編)I got up early this morning my grandma at the airport.Ato pick up Bpicking upCpicked up Dpick up8(2018四川達(dá)州中考四川達(dá)州中考)Id love to go hiking with you, but I have much homework If you dont go, Ato do; so do I Bto do; nor will ICdoing; so will I Ddo; neither am I9(2018四川樂山中考改編四川樂山中考

10、改編)Julia, your mobile phone is ringing.Wait a minute. Its dangerous it while crossing the street.Aanswering BanswerCto answer Dto answering10(2018廣東中考廣東中考)After long years of war, many people in Syria are homeless. I think it important a peaceful world.Abuild Bnot buildC to build Dnot to build11(201

11、8貴州安順中考貴州安順中考)You should do what you can your English, Li Ming.OK, I will. Thank you, Ms. Hu.Aimprove Bto improveCimproving Dimproved考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)二 動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞由動(dòng)名詞由“動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形ing”構(gòu)成，與現(xiàn)在分詞同形。動(dòng)名構(gòu)成，與現(xiàn)在分詞同形。動(dòng)名詞既有動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì)詞既有動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì)(可有賓語和狀語可有賓語和狀語)，也有名詞的性質(zhì)，可，也有名詞的性質(zhì)，可作主語、賓語、表語或定語。作主語、賓語、表語或定語。1動(dòng)名詞常用結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)名詞常用結(jié)構(gòu)(1)只能跟動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)詞或短

12、語有只能跟動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)詞或短語有avoid, consider, enjoy, feel like, finish, mind, practice, suggest, be busy doing, be good at doing, be interested in doing, cant help doing, give up doing, make a living (by) doing, put off doing等。等。(2)haven.(in) doinghave fun (in) doing, have trouble (in) doing, have a hard time (in

13、) doing, have problems/difficulty (in) doing等。等。(3)to doing 結(jié)構(gòu)，結(jié)構(gòu)，to是介詞是介詞be/get used to doing, look forward to doing, pay attention to doing, prefer doing to doing等。等。2有些動(dòng)詞既可接不定式也可接動(dòng)名詞，但表達(dá)的意義不有些動(dòng)詞既可接不定式也可接動(dòng)名詞，但表達(dá)的意義不同。同。1(2018甘肅蘭州中考甘肅蘭州中考)Bobs father cant stand soap operas. He enjoys sports games o

14、n TV.Awatch Bto watch Cwatching Dwatched2(2017湖北黃岡中考湖北黃岡中考)Nowadays lots of products from China are very popular in the world.Yeah! Many people can hardly avoid products made in China.Ato buy BbuyingCbought Dbuy3(2017黑龍江龍東中考改編黑龍江龍東中考改編)Would you mind here?Of crouse not. Ill my cigarette at once.Anot

15、 smoking; put awayBnot smoking; put outCnot to smoke; put offDnot to smoke; put on4(2019原創(chuàng)原創(chuàng))To be honest, I regretted out of school when I was just fifteen years old.Ato drop BdroppingCdrop Ddropped考點(diǎn)三考點(diǎn)三 分詞分詞1現(xiàn)在分詞由現(xiàn)在分詞由“動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形ing”構(gòu)成，表示主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行意構(gòu)成，表示主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行意義，還具有形容詞的作用，可在句中作表語、定語、賓語、義，還具有形容詞的作用，可在句中作表

16、語、定語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、狀語等。賓語補(bǔ)足語、狀語等。The crying girl cant find her mother.那個(gè)正在哭的女孩找不那個(gè)正在哭的女孩找不到她媽媽了。到她媽媽了。(定語定語)The story is interesting.這個(gè)故事很有趣。這個(gè)故事很有趣。(表語表語)I saw him studying in the classroom.我看到他正在教室里學(xué)我看到他正在教室里學(xué)習(xí)。習(xí)。(賓語補(bǔ)足語賓語補(bǔ)足語)Studying hard, you will pass the exam.只要你努力學(xué)習(xí)，就只要你努力學(xué)習(xí)，就會(huì)通過考試。會(huì)通過考試。(狀語狀語)2過去分

17、詞表示被動(dòng)、完成意義，在句中作表語、定語、過去分詞表示被動(dòng)、完成意義，在句中作表語、定語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、狀語等。賓語補(bǔ)足語、狀語等。She is very tired.她很疲勞。她很疲勞。(表語表語)The boy wore a pair of faded jeans.那個(gè)男孩穿了一條褪色的那個(gè)男孩穿了一條褪色的牛仔褲。牛仔褲。(定語定語)She found the village greatly changed.她發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)村莊變化很她發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)村莊變化很大。大。(賓語補(bǔ)足語賓語補(bǔ)足語)3現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞作定語的區(qū)別?，F(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞作定語的區(qū)別。(1)現(xiàn)在分詞作定語與它所修飾的名詞存在邏輯上

18、的主謂關(guān)現(xiàn)在分詞作定語與它所修飾的名詞存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，表示該動(dòng)作的主動(dòng)或者進(jìn)行。系，表示該動(dòng)作的主動(dòng)或者進(jìn)行。a sleeping child一個(gè)正在睡覺的孩子一個(gè)正在睡覺的孩子a developing country一個(gè)發(fā)展中國家一個(gè)發(fā)展中國家boiling water正在沸騰的水正在沸騰的水a(chǎn) surprising look一個(gè)令人吃驚的表情一個(gè)令人吃驚的表情(2)過去分詞作定語與它所修飾的名詞在邏輯上有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，過去分詞作定語與它所修飾的名詞在邏輯上有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，表示該動(dòng)作的被動(dòng)或者完成。表示該動(dòng)作的被動(dòng)或者完成。the novel written by Lu Xun 魯迅寫的那篇小說魯迅寫的那篇小說 a singer surrounded by a group of fans 被粉絲包圍的歌手被粉絲包圍的歌手fallen leaves 落葉落葉a snowcovered city被雪覆蓋的城市被雪覆蓋的城市1(