高考英語非謂語動詞考點例析

1、1 / 9高考英語非謂語動詞考點例析（上）高考英語非謂語動詞考點例析（上）非謂語動詞包括動詞不定式（infinitive）、動名詞（gerund）和分詞（participle）三種形式，由于它們在句中不能單獨作謂語而得名。本文將結(jié)合近年高考題，分上、下兩期對非謂語動詞主要考點作一簡單回顧。一、非謂語動詞作主語和賓語一、非謂語動詞作主語和賓語【真題回放】【真題回放】1)They are quiet, arent they?-Yes. They are accustomed _ at meals. (08 江蘇卷)A. to talkB. to not talkC. to talkingD. to

2、 not talking2)David threatened _ his neighbor to the police if the damages were not paid. （09 上海卷）A. to be reported B. reportingC. to reportD. having reported【要點點津【要點點津】能夠作主語和賓語的非謂語動詞是不定式和動名詞。其中，不定式常表示具體的、某一次動作，而動名詞多表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性動作。有時為了保持句子平衡，避免頭重腳輕，常用 it 作形式主語或賓語。如：Isnt it time you got down to marking

3、the papers? (06 重慶卷)In fact it is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match. (01 上海卷)考例 1 答案為 D。be accustomed to 意思是“習(xí)慣于”，其中 to 是介詞，后接動名詞作賓語。依據(jù)語境，他們習(xí)慣于吃飯時不說話，故選 D?？祭?2 答案為 C。threaten 后要接不定式作賓語；threaten to do sth 威脅說要做某事。二、非謂語動詞作表語二、非謂語動詞作表語【真題回放】【真題回放】3)Ladies and gentle

4、men, please remain _ until the plane has come to a complete stop. （09 四川卷）A. seatedB. seatingC. to seatD. seat4)Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school. _ the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary thismorning are our alumni (校友) from home and abroad. （09 江蘇卷）A. AttendB. To attendC. Attend

5、ingD. Having attended【要點點津】【要點點津】不定式、動名詞和分詞可跟在系動詞后面，在句中作表語。如：The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, not to make it more difficult.My favorite pastime has always been contributing to some English newspapers.We were all tired out when we finally climbed onto the top of the hill. We ne

6、ver thought climbing was sotiring.考例 3 答案為 A。seat 為及物動詞，意思是“使就座”，常用于被動語態(tài)，或用其過去分詞形式表示被動。該句中，過去分詞 seated 用作表語，與謂語動詞 remain 構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，表示主語的狀態(tài)?？祭?4 答案為 C。 該句使用了倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)， 動名詞短語作表語前置了。 正常語序是： Our alumni (校友) fromhome and abroad are attending the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning。三、非謂語動詞作賓補(bǔ)三、非謂語動詞作賓補(bǔ)【

7、真題回放】【真題回放】5)To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English _ as much as we can. (08 江蘇卷)A. speakB. speakingC. spokenD. to speak6)They use computers to keep the traffic _ smoothly. （09 全國卷 II）A. being runB. runC. to runD. running【要點點津】【要點點津】能夠在句中用作賓語補(bǔ)足語的非謂語動詞有不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞。如：The

8、 doctor warned him time and time again not to smoke, but he smoked all the same.Helen had to shout to make herself heard above the sound of the music. (NMET2004III)Dont leave the water running while you brush your teeth.(04 天津卷)2 / 9在被動語態(tài)中，作賓語補(bǔ)足語的非謂語動詞就成了主語補(bǔ)足語。如：The poor slaves were made to work for

9、 more than 14 hours a day.A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen.(NMET2003)She headed for the hospital in such a hurry that the door was left unlocked.考例 5 答案為 C。spoken 是過去分詞作賓語，賓語 English 和賓補(bǔ)動作 speak 之間為被動關(guān)系。考例 6 答案為 D。running smoothly 是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作賓補(bǔ)；keep sb doing sth 讓某

10、人一直做某事。四、非謂語動詞作定語四、非謂語動詞作定語【真題回放】【真題回放】7)The play _ next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture. （09 安徽卷）A. producedB. being producedC. to be producedD. having been produced8)For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit _ on his own farm. （09 北京卷）A. grownB. being grownC. to be grownD.

11、 to grow【要點點津】【要點點津】不定式、動名詞和分詞都可以作定語。如：There are five pairs to choose from, but Im at a loss which to buy. (99 上海卷)The reading room of our school library is large enough to hold 800 people.Peter received a letter just now saying his grandma would come to see him soon. (07 四川卷)The repairs cost a lot,

12、 but its money well spent. （05 湖北卷）The computer center, (which was) opened last year, is very popular among the students.考例 7 答案為 C。to be produced next month 是不定式短語作定語，修飾 the play, 表示將來的動作。考例 8 答案為 A。grown on his own farm 是過去分詞短語作定語，修飾 fruit, 表示被動和完成。五、非謂語動詞作狀語五、非謂語動詞作狀語【真題回放】【真題回放】9)_ not to miss t

13、he flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.（09 福建卷）A. RemindingB. RemindedC. To remindD. Having reminded10) A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, _all four people on board. （09 上海卷）A. killedB. killingC. killsD. to kill【要點點津】【要點點津】能作狀語的非謂語動詞有不定式、現(xiàn)在

14、分詞和過去分詞。如：-Mum, why do you always make me eat an egg every day?-To get enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up. （99 上海卷）Dressed in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.(05 湖南卷)Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always saying th

15、e same thing.(06 江蘇卷)考例 9 答案為 B。Reminded not to miss是過去分詞短語作原因狀語，相當(dāng)于原因狀語從句 As themanager had been reminded not to miss, 分詞動作 remind 與邏輯主語 the manager 之間為被動關(guān)系?？祭?10 答案為 B。killing all four people on board 是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語，表示結(jié)果，分詞動作 kill 與邏輯主語 a small plane 之間為主動關(guān)系。【學(xué)以致用】【學(xué)以致用】1)Dont sit there _ nothing. Com

16、e and help me with this table.(06 湖北卷)A. doB. to doC. doingD. and doing2)Tom sounds very much _ in the job, but Im not sure whether he can manage it. (06 安徽卷)3 / 9A. interestedB. interestingC. interestinglyD. interestedly3)-Did you enjoy yourself at the party?-Yes. Ive never been to _ one before.(06

17、 四川卷)A. a more excitedB. the most excitedC. a more excitingD. the most exciting4)I smell something _ in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute? (07 寧夏卷)A. burningB. burntC. being burntD. to be burnt5)_ by a greater demand for vegetables, farmers have built more green houses. (07 浙江卷)A. DrivenB

18、. Being drivenC. To driveD. Having driven6)He is a student at Oxford University, _ for a degree in computer science. (07 北京卷)A. studiedB. studyingC. to have studiedD. to be studying7)I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good _.（NMET2008）A. to be breathedB. to breatheC. breat

19、hingD. being breathed8)If theres高考英語非謂語動詞考點例析（上）高考英語非謂語動詞考點例析（上）非謂語動詞包括動詞不定式（infinitive）、動名詞（gerund）和分詞（participle）三種形式，由于它們在句中不能單獨作謂語而得名。本文將結(jié)合近年高考題，分上、下兩期對非謂語動詞主要考點作一簡單回顧。一、非謂語動詞作主語和賓語一、非謂語動詞作主語和賓語【真題回放】【真題回放】1)They are quiet, arent they?-Yes. They are accustomed _ at meals. (08 江蘇卷)A. to talkB. to

20、 not talkC. to talkingD. to not talking2)David threatened _ his neighbor to the police if the damages were not paid. （09 上海卷）A. to be reportedB. reportingC. to reportD. having reported【要點點津】【要點點津】能夠作主語和賓語的非謂語動詞是不定式和動名詞。其中，不定式常表示具體的、某一次動作，而動名詞多表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性動作。有時為了保持句子平衡，避免頭重腳輕，常用 it 作形式主語或賓語。如：Isnt it ti

21、me you got down to marking the papers? (06 重慶卷)In fact it is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match. (01 上海卷)考例 1 答案為 D。be accustomed to 意思是“習(xí)慣于”，其中 to 是介詞，后接動名詞作賓語。依據(jù)語境，他們習(xí)慣于吃飯時不說話，故選 D?？祭?2 答案為 C。threaten 后要接不定式作賓語；threaten to do sth 威脅說要做某事。二、非謂語動詞作表語二、非謂語動詞作表語【真題回

22、放】【真題回放】3)Ladies and gentlemen, please remain _ until the plane has come to a complete stop. （09 四川卷）A. seatedB. seatingC. to seatD. seat4)Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school. _ the ceremony of the 50thAnniversary this morning are our alumni (校友) from home and abroad. （09 江蘇卷）A.

23、AttendB. To attendC. AttendingD. Having attended【要點點津】【要點點津】4 / 9不定式、動名詞和分詞可跟在系動詞后面，在句中作表語。如：The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, not to make it more difficult.My favorite pastime has always been contributing to some English newspapers.We were all tired out when we finally climbed

24、 onto the top of the hill. We never thought climbing wasso tiring.考例 3 答案為 A。seat 為及物動詞，意思是“使就座”，常用于被動語態(tài)，或用其過去分詞形式表示被動。該句中，過去分詞 seated 用作表語，與謂語動詞 remain 構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，表示主語的狀態(tài)。考例 4 答案為 C。 該句使用了倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)， 動名詞短語作表語前置了。 正常語序是： Our alumni (校友) fromhome and abroad are attending the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary th

25、is morning。三、非謂語動詞作賓補(bǔ)三、非謂語動詞作賓補(bǔ)【真題回放】【真題回放】5)To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English _ as much as we can. (08江蘇卷)A. speakB. speakingC. spokenD. to speak6)They use computers to keep the traffic _ smoothly. （09 全國卷 II）A. being runB. runC. to runD. running【要點點津】【要點點津】能夠在句中用作

26、賓語補(bǔ)足語的非謂語動詞有不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞。如：The doctor warned him time and time again not to smoke, but he smoked all the same.Helen had to shout to make herself heard above the sound of the music. (NMET2004III)Dont leave the water running while you brush your teeth.(04 天津卷)在被動語態(tài)中，作賓語補(bǔ)足語的非謂語動詞就成了主語補(bǔ)足語。如：The poor sl

27、aves were made to work for more than 14 hours a day.A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen.(NMET2003)She headed for the hospital in such a hurry that the door was left unlocked.考例 5 答案為 C。spoken 是過去分詞作賓語，賓語 English 和賓補(bǔ)動作 speak 之間為被動關(guān)系。考例 6 答案為 D。running smoothly 是現(xiàn)在分詞

28、短語作賓補(bǔ)；keep sb doing sth 讓某人一直做某事。四、非謂語動詞作定語四、非謂語動詞作定語【真題回放】【真題回放】7)The play _ next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture. （09 安徽卷）A. producedB. being producedC. to be producedD. having been produced8)For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit _ on his own farm. （09 北京卷）A. grownB. b

29、eing grownC. to be grownD. to grow【要點點津】【要點點津】不定式、動名詞和分詞都可以作定語。如：There are five pairs to choose from, but Im at a loss which to buy. (99 上海卷)The reading room of our school library is large enough to hold 800 people.Peter received a letter just now saying his grandma would come to see him soon. (07 四

30、川卷)The repairs cost a lot, but its money well spent. （05 湖北卷）The computer center, (which was) opened last year, is very popular among the students.考例 7 答案為 C。to be produced next month 是不定式短語作定語，修飾 the play, 表示將來的動作。考例 8 答案為 A。grown on his own farm 是過去分詞短語作定語，修飾 fruit, 表示被動和完成。五、非謂語動詞作狀語五、非謂語動詞作狀語5 /

31、 9【真題回放】【真題回放】9)_ not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.（09 福建卷）A. RemindingB. RemindedC. To remindD. Having reminded10) A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, _all four people on board.（09上海卷）A. killedB. killingC. killsD. to kill

32、【要點點津】【要點點津】能作狀語的非謂語動詞有不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞。如：-Mum, why do you always make me eat an egg every day?-To get enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up. （99 上海卷）Dressed in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.(05 湖南卷)Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer

33、 carelessly, always saying thesame thing. (06 江蘇卷)考例 9 答案為 B。Reminded not to miss是過去分詞短語作原因狀語，相當(dāng)于原因狀語從句 As themanager had been reminded not to miss, 分詞動作 remind 與邏輯主語 the manager 之間為被動關(guān)系?？祭?10 答案為 B。killing all four people on board 是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語，表示結(jié)果，分詞動作 kill與邏輯主語 a small plane 之間為主動關(guān)系?！緦W(xué)以致用】【學(xué)以致用】1)D

34、ont sit there _ nothing. Come and help me with this table.(06 湖北卷)A. doB. to doC. doingD. and doing2)Tom sounds very much _ in the job, but Im not sure whether he can manage it. (06 安徽卷)A. interestedB. interestingC. interestinglyD. interestedly3)-Did you enjoy yourself at the party?-Yes. Ive never b

35、een to _ one before.(06 四川卷)A. a more excitedB. the most excitedC. a more excitingD. the most exciting4)I smell something _ in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute? (07 寧夏卷)A. burningB. burntC. being burntD. to be burnt5)_ by a greater demand for vegetables, farmers have built more green hou

36、ses. (07 浙江卷)A. DrivenB. Being drivenC. To driveD. Having driven6)He is a student at Oxford University, _ for a degree in computer science. (07 北京卷)A. studiedB. studyingC. to have studiedD. to be studying7)I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good _.（NMET2008）A. to be breath

37、edB. to breatheC. breathingD. being breathed8)If theres a lot of work _, I am happy to just keep on until it is finished. (08 上海卷)A. to doB. to be doingC. doneD. doing9)We finished the run in less than half the time _.(08 江西卷)A. allowingB. to allowC. allowedD. allows10) It is one of the funniest thi

38、ngs _ on the Internet so far this year.(08 浙江卷)A. findingB. being foundC. to findD. foundKey: 1-5 CACAA6-10 BBACD6 / 9a lot of work _, I am happy to just keep on until it is finished. (08 上海卷)A. to doB. to be doingC. doneD. doing9)We finished the run in less than half the time _.(08 江西卷)A. allowingB

39、. to allowC. allowedD. allows10) It is one of the funniest things _ on the Internet so far this year. (08 浙江卷)A. findingB. being foundC. to findD. foundKey: 1-5 CACAA6-10 BBACD高考英語非謂語動詞考點例析（下）高考英語非謂語動詞考點例析（下）六、非謂語動詞的時態(tài)六、非謂語動詞的時態(tài)【真題回放】【真題回放】1)_ many times, he finally understood it.（09 四川卷）A. ToldB. T

40、ellingC. Having toldD. Having been told2)_ in the queen for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized be had left the cheque in the car. (08 福建卷)A. WaitingB. To waitC. Having waitedD. To have waited【要點點津】【要點點津】不定式、動名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞可用于不同時態(tài)。不定式進(jìn)行式表示該動作與謂語動作同時發(fā)生；不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞和動名詞的完成時態(tài)表示該動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞所表示的動作之前；如果強(qiáng)調(diào)非謂語動詞

41、動作一直持續(xù)，不定式、動名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞用完成進(jìn)行時。如：Jack pretended to be reading when the teacher came into the classroom.After the party, he apologized to her for having been so rude.The professor is said to have been teaching in the university since 2001.考例 1 答案為 D。tell 與主語之間是被動和完成的關(guān)系，所以用 having been done 來表示被動和完成?？祭?2 答

42、案為 C。由于分詞動作 wait 發(fā)生在謂語動詞動作 realize 之前，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞短語完成時作狀語，表示時間。七、非謂語動詞的語態(tài)七、非謂語動詞的語態(tài)【真題回放】【真題回放】3)We are invited to a party _ in our club next Friday. （09 山東卷）A. to be heldB. heldC. being heldD. holding4)I still remember _ to the Famen Temple and what I saw there. （09 陜西卷）A. to takeB. to be takenC. takin

43、gD. being taken【要點點津】【要點點津】不定式、動名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞都有自己的被動語態(tài)。當(dāng)不定式、動名詞或現(xiàn)在分詞的動作與其邏輯主語之間構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系時，要用被動式。如：The book is said to have been translated into several foreign languages.Do you still remember being taken to Shanghai at the age of five?考例 3 答案為 A。由 next month 可知時間是在將來，party 是被舉行，故用不定式被動式作定語，表示一個被動和將來的動作?？祭?4

44、答案為 D。remember doing sth 記得做過某事了；remember to do sth 記得該做某事。該句中，根據(jù)后文的 saw 可知此處非謂語動詞動作已經(jīng)完成，且與邏輯主語是被動關(guān)系，用動名詞的被動式作remember 的賓語。7 / 9八、非謂語動詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)八、非謂語動詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)【真題回放】【真題回放】5)It is difficult to imagine his _ the decision without any consideration. (06 陜西卷)A. acceptB. acceptingC. to acceptD. accepted6)Nowaday

45、s people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier for it _. （09 湖南卷）A. reusingB. reusedC. reusesD. to be reused【要點點津】【要點點津】不定式的前面可以加上 for sb 或 of sb 來充當(dāng)邏輯主語，構(gòu)成不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)；動名詞的前面可以加上名詞或代詞來充當(dāng)邏輯主語，構(gòu)成動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。如：It is usually a bit too difficult for a foreigner to learn Chinese.We all think it cruel

46、 of them to eat rare wild animals.I can hardly imagine Peter sailing across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.考例 5 答案為 B。imagine 后接動名詞作賓語。該句中，動名詞短語 accepting the decision 前面加上了代詞 his 來充當(dāng)邏輯主語，構(gòu)成了動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中充當(dāng) imagine 的賓語?？祭?6 答案為 D。 該句中， 第一個 it 是形式賓語， 真正賓語是后面的不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) for it to be reused；由于不定式動作 use 和其

47、邏輯主語 waste 之間為被動關(guān)系，所以用被動式。九、非謂語動詞與獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)九、非謂語動詞與獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)【真題回放】【真題回放】7)The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent _ at the end of last March.(07 山東卷)A. has been launchedB. having been launchedC. being launchedD. to be launched8)The children went home from the grammar sch

48、ool, their lessons _ for the day. (07 重慶卷)A. finishingB. finishedC. had finishedD. were finished【要點點津】【要點點津】非謂語動詞前可以加上名詞或代詞作它的邏輯主語，構(gòu)成獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。獨立主格在句子中作狀語，主要用于書面語中。如：I send you 100 dollars today, the rest to follow in a year. (05 湖南卷)All the difficult problems settled, he decided to take a months leave

49、.The boy leading the way, we had no trouble finding the strange cave.考例 7 答案為 B。the most recent 與后面的分詞短語一起構(gòu)成獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作狀語。由于飛船與發(fā)射之間為被動關(guān)系，又因為發(fā)射動作已經(jīng)完成，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞完成時態(tài)的被動式?？祭?8 答案為 B。their lessons finished for the day 是獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作狀語。這里用過去分詞finished 表示被動和完成。十、非謂語動詞的其它重要用法十、非謂語動詞的其它重要用法【真題回放】【真題回放】9)Every ev

50、ening after dinner, if not _ from work, I will spend some time walking my dog. （09 湖南卷）A. being tiredB. tiringC. tiredD. to be tired10) Whats the matter with Della?-Well, her parents wouldnt allow her to go to the party, but she still _. (09 江蘇卷）A. hopes toB. hopes soC. hopes notD. hopes for11) He t

51、old us whether _ a picnic was still under discussion.（09 四川卷）A. to haveB. havingC. haveD. had8 / 9【要點點津】【要點點津】考例 9 答案為 C。當(dāng)狀語從句的主語與主句的主語一致時，從句常被省略成“連詞+分詞”形式。該句中，if not tired from work = if I am not tired from work。考例 10 答案為 A。為避免重復(fù)，不定式常承前省略相同的部分，而只保留不定式符號 to。該題中，shestill hopes to 是 she still hopes to go to the party 的省略形式。考例 11 答案為 A。不定式有時可以