任務(wù)型閱讀(含答案解析)

1、_任務(wù)型閱讀知識(shí)清單一、 考點(diǎn)分析任務(wù)型閱讀是“閱讀理解”的另一種形式,綜合考查學(xué)生歸納概括能力和語篇結(jié)構(gòu)理解能力。其內(nèi)容涉及廣泛,要求學(xué)生在閱讀理解的基礎(chǔ)上,完成一項(xiàng)任務(wù)或解決一個(gè)問題。所以“任務(wù)型閱讀”是介于閱讀理解和寫作之間, 其任務(wù)已不同于閱讀理解中的選擇題或書面表達(dá), 而是在理解文字的基礎(chǔ)上,完成相應(yīng)的圖表或文字練習(xí),從而有效地測試學(xué)生用英語“做事”的能力。根據(jù)任務(wù)類型,常見題型有以下四種:1. 完成表格型此類任務(wù)型閱讀要求我們在理解文本信息的基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)材料提供的直接信息或由我們推理、提煉后的間接信息完成題目要求的任務(wù)。其閱讀內(nèi)容更貼近學(xué)生的生活實(shí)際,任務(wù)的設(shè)置變化多樣,不光有簡單

2、信息的捕捉,而且有閱讀短文, 通過對(duì)短文信息的歸納,加工處理 ,運(yùn)用語言邏輯推理和思維能力來完成表格。2. 回答問題型此類任務(wù)型閱讀要求我們根據(jù)短文、表格、圖片或圖文結(jié)合的材料回答命題者設(shè)定的問題 ,所設(shè)置的任務(wù)通過事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié)的查找就能完成, 與普通閱讀理解的解題方法相似,只是題目設(shè)計(jì)采用了主觀題形式,沒有給出選項(xiàng),需要我們從材料中尋求信息,以一個(gè)完整的句子, 或者是其適當(dāng)?shù)目s略形式作答。從問題所涉及的內(nèi)容看,考查文本表層理解多于深層理解,其設(shè)計(jì)的問題多為五W 或一般疑問句的細(xì)節(jié)性問題,而涉及推理判斷、文章主旨、寫作意圖及作者態(tài)度、感受等的題目則少之又少。此類題型是學(xué)生失分較多的題型之一, 要

3、求學(xué)生有較扎實(shí)的語言基礎(chǔ)和較強(qiáng)的綜合運(yùn)用英語的能力。3. 句子還原型精品資料_還原短文型“閱讀理解”題有兩種形式 :即選擇句子還原短文和排列段落還原短文。第一種形式要求考生根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從文后所給的句子中選出適當(dāng)?shù)木渥犹钊攵涛目瞻滋帯５诙N形式是給出一篇200300個(gè)詞的短文 ,要求考生根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu),將順序打亂的段落重新排序 ,有時(shí)首段或尾段的位置已給出。這種題型旨在考查考生對(duì)短文整體結(jié)構(gòu)的理解能力,要求考生從短文的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)的層面上把握短文,了解其大概意思和結(jié)構(gòu),分清句子或段落之間的邏輯關(guān)系 , 然后還原成短文的原貌。4. 多元綜合型此類任務(wù)型閱讀是上述各種題型的綜合,可以給出不同的任務(wù)

4、讓學(xué)生逐一完成。一般是在問題設(shè)計(jì)上兼顧了多種類型,既有根據(jù)短文設(shè)計(jì)的問答題和相應(yīng)的翻譯題、句型轉(zhuǎn)換等,又有根據(jù)內(nèi)容完成句子,完成這一題型應(yīng)非常細(xì)致,應(yīng)認(rèn)真地到原材料中收集有用的信息,并且經(jīng)過整理輸出信息。在明白題意和文意的基礎(chǔ)上, 仔細(xì)閱讀后面的題目要求,根據(jù)實(shí)際情況去完成所要求的任務(wù)。二、 解題步驟1. 明確任務(wù)。由于題目要求形式多樣, 在同一篇閱讀材料中會(huì)要求完成不同的任務(wù),因此解題前要先明確任務(wù) ,做到心中有數(shù)。2. 一一對(duì)應(yīng) ,緊扣原文。即在原文中找出問題題干所包括的信息部分,這樣就可以快速準(zhǔn)確地抓住有效信息, 確保答題的準(zhǔn)確性。如果是根據(jù)英文釋義寫單詞的題,則一定要確保所填的單詞來源

5、于原文,切不可脫離原文 , 隨意發(fā)揮。3. 注意讀寫結(jié)合。任務(wù)型閱讀不僅考查學(xué)生閱讀理解層面的能力,更加注重考查學(xué)生“寫”的能力。若是寫單精品資料_詞, 則要注意拼寫正確,詞形、詞性有無變化,是否需要大寫;若所要完成的是短語或句子成分,則需謹(jǐn)慎對(duì)待,依據(jù)所給題干分析要完成的是什么句子成分,需用什么樣的表達(dá)方式,不可簡單草率地將文中信息直接挪用。4. 認(rèn)真檢查。完成任務(wù)后要重新審視材料, 檢查所做的答案是否復(fù)合要求,同時(shí)語言要精練準(zhǔn)確。提分策略1. 認(rèn)真審題 ,讀懂題意由于題目要求形式多樣, 在同一篇閱讀材料中會(huì)要求完成不同的任務(wù),因此解題前要先明確任務(wù) ,做到心中有數(shù)。2. 快速閱讀 ,掌握大

6、意在做題時(shí)要快速掃視一下文章的大意, 然后結(jié)合前面的題目的要求,大致明白所要完成的任務(wù)。3. 細(xì)讀題目 ,完成任務(wù)在明白題意和文章意思的基礎(chǔ)上,仔細(xì)閱讀后面的題目要求, 在原文中找出問題題干所包括的信息部分,這樣就可以快速準(zhǔn)確地抓住有效信息,確保答題的準(zhǔn)確性。如果是根據(jù)英文釋義寫單詞的題,則一定要確保所填的單詞來源于原文,切不可脫離原文,隨意發(fā)揮。4. 復(fù)讀文章 ,核實(shí)任務(wù)在初步完成所要求的任務(wù)以后,學(xué)生必須再仔細(xì)閱讀所提供的短文,結(jié)合題意、文章和文后提供的任務(wù)信息、認(rèn)真核實(shí)任務(wù)以保證答題正確。5. 注意讀寫結(jié)合任務(wù)型閱讀不僅考查學(xué)生閱讀理解層面的能力,更加注重考查學(xué)生“寫”的能力。若是寫單詞

7、, 則要注意拼寫正確,詞形、詞性有無變化,是否需要大寫;若所要完成的是短語或句子成分,精品資料_則需謹(jǐn)慎對(duì)待,依據(jù)所給題干分析要完成的是什么句子成分,需用什么樣的表達(dá)方式,不可簡單草率地將文中信息直接挪用。總之 ,任務(wù)型閱讀理解不同于傳統(tǒng)的閱讀理解,它介于閱讀理解與寫作之間, 教師應(yīng)該適應(yīng)新課改的要求,掌握任務(wù)型閱讀理解的特點(diǎn), 加強(qiáng)學(xué)生任務(wù)型閱讀能力的培養(yǎng)?！纠?1】(2014 江蘇鎮(zhèn)江6165)Have you ever asked your relatives or friends if there is Wi-Fi in their houses? Haveyou ever searc

8、hedfor Wi-Fiwhenyou are at restaurantsor hotels?The answerswillprobably be“Yes ”. Most of us want Wi-Fi everywhere as if we cant live without it. But wecanonly usefree Wi-Fiin somepublicplaces.Westill haveto spendsomemoneyaccessing( 連接 ) the Internet at most time. Here comes a piece of good news.A r

9、ich,powerful organization in the USA called the Media Development InvestmentFund(MDIF)has decidedto changethe age of onlinecomputing( 計(jì)算 ) completelybygiving free Wi-Fi to every person on Earth. They will send up hundreds of satellites intolow Earth orbit(軌道 ) in 2015.This is becausethey have made a

10、 surveyand found that only 60%of theworldspopulation have been able to get information on the Internet. And this isalso becausemanycountriesare unableto offerpeoplethe necessaryinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施 ) toaccess the web.We can expect to use free Wi-Fi everywhere in the near future.閱讀以上信息,用恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~完成下面的表格,每空

11、一詞。Many of us want Wi-Fi everywhere as if we cant livePresent situationwithout it.精品資料_Accessing the Internet1us some money.MDIFhas madea decisionto sendup hundredsofWhat thesatellitesinto low Earthorbit in 2015 so that for everyorganization will doperson on Earth,there will be free Wi-Fi2.Only 60%

12、of the worlds population have been able toget information on the Internet.3Many countries cant4people with the necessaryinfrastructure to access the web.What we can expectFree Wi-Fi will5the world in the near future.【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了當(dāng)下非常流行的Wi-Fi 。當(dāng)你到親戚或朋友家或在餐廳或賓館,都免不了去搜尋Wi-Fi, 這些里面有的Wi-Fi 是免費(fèi)的 ,而

13、有的是收費(fèi)的。令人高興的是美國一家有實(shí)力的組織MDIF到2015年將為全球的人們提供免費(fèi)的Wi-Fi 。【答案】1. costs根據(jù)文章第一段句子“ We still have to spend some money accessing(連接 )the Internet at most time.”可知搜尋網(wǎng)絡(luò)花很多錢 ,所以填 costs 。2. available根據(jù)文章第二段句子“ (MDIF) has decided to change the age of onlinecomputing( 計(jì)算 ) completely by giving free Wi-Fi to every p

14、erson on Earth.”可知在2015 年MDIF 將提供免費(fèi)的Wi-Fi, 所以說到2015 年全球?qū)⒂忻赓M(fèi)的Wi-Fi 可以使用的。可以利用的要 available來表示。3. Reason(s)/Cause(s) 根據(jù)文章第三段句子“ This is because they have made a survey and found that only 60% of the worlds population have been able to get精品資料_information on the Internet.”中的關(guān)鍵詞 because 可知 ,這些是 MDIF 為人們提

15、供免費(fèi)Wi-Fi的原因。4. provide 根據(jù)文章第三段句子“ many countries are unable to offer people the necessary infrastructure( 基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施 ) to access the web ”中的關(guān)鍵詞 offer 可知很多國家不能夠?yàn)槿藗兲峁┧褜ぞW(wǎng)絡(luò)的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施。provide sb. with sth. 表示“為某人提供某物”。5. cover/s根據(jù)文章最后一段“ We can expectto use free Wi-Fieverywherein thenear future. ”可知在不久的將來 ,免費(fèi)的 Wi-F

16、i 將覆蓋全球。 cover 意為“覆蓋?！薄纠?2】(2013 山東萊蕪)閱讀短文 ,根據(jù)要求完成下面各小題。A life coach is somebody who helps you reach all kinds of personal and professionalgoals( 目標(biāo) ). Each of us has the ability to be our own life coach. Here are some tips foryou:Pay attention to your relationships with othersAsk yourselfthe follow

17、ingquestions:Howdo youdeal withdisagreements?Whenwasthe lasttimeyoushowedyourfamilymembersthatyoucareforthem?Yourrelationshipswith friends,familymembersand teachersshow a lot aboutwhat kindofperson you are.Face the fears about the futureNow,imagine that one of your good friends told you that he or s

18、he was not strongenough to go back to school. 3We often give better advice than we are willing to takeourselves. Remember that even the most successful people were probably told that whatthey wanted to do was impossible,but they followed their dreams and succeed.Develop your talents精品資料_If you want

19、to reachyour goals,youwill haveto spendmoretime developingthetalents you already have,and uncovering any hidden talents that you havent discoveredyet. So you can take classes in subjects that you are interested in,even if you have noexperience.Be thankfulTakesometimetobe thankfulforthe thingsyoudo h

20、ave.Rememberpositivememories.4Thinkof thebestday(s)youhavehadin thepastmonthsoryears.Remember special parties,vacations and holidays. Appreciate the wonderful people youhave in your life.A. 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容簡要回答問題。1. Which tip do you think influences you most?2. Why should you pay attention to your relationshi

21、ps with others?B. 將短文中畫線的句子譯成漢語。3.4.C. 請給短文擬一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)臉?biāo)題。5.【主旨大意】本文主要講的是我們每個(gè)人都是自己的生活導(dǎo)師和如何面對(duì)處理生活中的一些問題?！敬鸢浮烤焚Y料_1. Pay attention to your relationships with others./Face the fears about the future. /Develop your talents. /Be thankful.2. Becauseyour/our/myrelationshipswith others/friends,familymembersand te

22、achersshow a lot about what kind of person you/we are/I am.3. 我們經(jīng)常給別人更好的建議,而自己卻不愿接受。4. 想一想在過去的歲月里你擁有的最美好的時(shí)光。5. To be your own life coach/Being your own life coach/How to be your own life coach/The tips/suggestions of being your own life coach.專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練Passage 1(2014江蘇常州)Much meaning can be conveyed(傳送 )

23、with our eyes,so it is often said that eyes canspeak. Do you have such kind of experience? In a bus you may look at a stranger,but nottoo long. And if he is sensing that he is being stared(盯 ) at,he may feel uncomfortable.The same is in daily life. If you are looked at for more than necessary,you wi

24、ll look atyourself up and down to see if there is anything wrong with you. If nothing goes wrong,youwill feel angry toward others stare at you that way. Eyes do speak,right?Looking too long at someone may seem to be impolite and even rude. But things aredifferent when it comes to stare at the opposi

25、te sex. If a man stares at a woman for morethan10 secondsand refusesto turnhis eyesawayfromthe woman,hispurposeisobvious.Thatis,hewishesto attracther attention,tomakeher understandthat he isadmiring her.However,thenormaleye contactfor two peopleduringa conversationis that the精品資料_speakerwill onlyloo

26、k at the listenerfrom timeto time;inorderto makesure that thelistener is paying attention to what the speaker is speaking,to tell him that he is interested.If a speaker looks at you continuously when speaking,as if he tries to control you,youwill feel uncomfortable. A poor liar(說謊者 ) usually looks t

27、oo long at the victim,because hebelieves that looking straight in the eye is a sign of honest communication.In fact,continuouseyecontactonlyhappensbetweentwolovers,whowillenjoylooking at each other gently for a long time,to show feeling that words cannot express.Obviously,eye contact should be done

28、according to the relationship between two peopleand the proper situation.Eyes can talk in our daily life. A lot of feelings can be conveyed to others with oureyes. There are a lot of facts to prove it.閱讀下面短文,并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后的表格中填入恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,每空一詞。You may feel1if you are stared at for more than necessary. And y

29、ou wonder ifthere is anything wrong with you. If not,you will feel very angry.When staringat the oppositesex:Lookingtoo longat a woman you2meansthat you want to attract her attention. And most of time,continuous eye contact is just fortwo lovers.When having a3with others:If the speaker looks at the

30、listener at4duringthe conversation,its a normal eye contact. If the speaker is a liar,looking straight in theeye too long isnt a sign of honest communication.Soremembertolookatothersatthe5time.If not,itwillmakeothersuncomfortable.精品資料_Passage 2(2014湖北鄂州 )Everyone has their dream. They give us courag

31、e and confidence to keep us goingthrough difficulties. (1)Here is some advice on how to realize our beautiful dreams. Nevergiving up is the key to making our dreams come true. We may fail from time to time,but wecan learn from failure,correct our mistakes and try again until we achieve our goals. Fo

32、rthat reason,no matter what difficulties we meet,we wont fail unless we give up our hopes.Our life is like a long journey which is not all roses. It sometimes has wind and rain. Webelieve rainbow will appear after storms. (2)We will realize our dreams at last if we do ourbest.Cooperationisalsonecess

33、ary.(3)Everyonelikes apersonwho isgood atcooperatingwithothers.(4) 除此之外 ,在我們這個(gè)社會(huì)里,大多數(shù)困難不可能被一個(gè)人單獨(dú)解決。 Each of us is like a part of a machine. If one part isnt in order,the machine cantworkwell.Itshardforaperson whoisaway from thesocietyto havea deepunderstanding of theworld. Cooperation is becoming on

34、e of the most ways for peopleliving in the developing society. As a saying goes“One tree doesnt make a forest.”At thesame time,we should learn to examine our abilities because it helps us know about ouradvantages and disadvantages as well as get a full control of ourselves. Then we may beconfident e

35、nough to face challenges. Follow the suggestions above,and our dreams aresure to come true.1. 把 (1) 處的句子改成復(fù)合句。2. 把 (2) 處的句子改成并列句。精品資料_3. 把 (3) 處的句子譯成漢語。4. 把 (4) 處的句子譯成英語。5. 寫出文章的標(biāo)題。Passage 3(2014江蘇東臺(tái))Now students English handwriting gets worse and worse. That makes their teachersfeel worried. Is you

36、r English handwriting beautiful? If not,here are four steps that reallywork!Use paper that has linesUsingpaperthat has linescankeepyou writingstraightwhenyou writeEnglishwords or sentences. Those lines on the paper can help you to write words in the right size.Be sure to fill the lined space complet

37、ely. And make sure those capital letters(大寫字母 )are written properly.Slow downIf your writing is hard to read,try slowing down a little. For some kids,going slowermakesthe handwritingclear.If youwrite too fast,itshardfor you to stopwhereyoushould,and even worse,you may make more mistakes.Hold your pe

38、ncil rightWhenyouholdyourpencilthecorrectway,writingis mucheasier.Somekidspress( 按 ,壓 ) down really hard when they write. That makes the handwriting not nice. Try精品資料_to relax yourself and dont hold the pencil so hard. Let your writing appear nice and clean.If you do so,people will guess you are a s

39、tudent with a good habit.Draw more picturesDrawingcan improveyour handwriting.You need to use the skillsto controlyourpencil better when you are drawing pictures. Even though you have no chance to draw atschool,you can practice by yourself at home.Handwritingis veryimportant.Imagineyouarea world-fam

40、ousmoviestar orawell-known sports player,what do you do when your fans run up to you? Give them yourautographs( 親筆簽名 ),of course!閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容完成表格中所缺信息,每空一詞。Four1to make your handwriting beautiful Use paper2lines Using paperthat has lines can stop you from writing up or3when you write English words

41、orsentences. Be sure to fill the lined space completely. And make sure those capital lettersare written4.Slow downTry slowingdowna little. If you write too fast,itshard for you to stopwhereyoushould,and you may make more5.6your pencil right. When you hold your pencil the correct way,writing is much7

42、. Try to be8and dont hold the pencil so hard.Draw more picturesWhile9pictures,you need to use the skills to control your pencil better. Eventhough you have no chance to draw at school,you can practice10at home.精品資料_Passage 4(2013廣東)下面是一篇關(guān)于個(gè)人愛好的文章。請仔細(xì)閱讀,然后根據(jù)信息卡內(nèi)容的要求填入相關(guān)信息。I havemany hobbies,suchas re

43、ading,skating,playingtennisand watchingTV. Butreading is my favorite hobby.I like reading for three reasons. First of all,books introduce me to a new world,which iscolorful and without time and space limit. Through reading,I can go back to ancient Egypt.I can also go to the United States,a great lan

44、d I have been longing to visit.Secondly,readingcan improvemyselfby showingme a newhorizon( 見識(shí) ). In thepast few years,I have got most of my knowledge from books. I have learned from manypeople by reading about their ideas on science,politics,life and society.Thirdly,reading can bridge the gap(差距 ) between my dream and my goal. In order tosucceedin my career( 事業(yè) ) in the future,Imustkeepreading,thinkingand practicing.Readinghasbecomea partofmylife.Duringtheday,Ispendsometimereadingbooks,newspapers and magazines. At night,I can hardly go to sleep without a novel in