北航電氣實(shí)驗(yàn)FPGA實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告

1、北京航空航天大學(xué)電氣實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告FPGA實(shí)驗(yàn)張?zhí)?30325班 學(xué)號(hào)：13031220一 實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康穆远?實(shí)驗(yàn)要求略三 實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)備略四 實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容略五 實(shí)驗(yàn)實(shí)例1. 實(shí)例6-1思考題1：輸出信號(hào)q3q2q1綁定接口電路的七段數(shù)碼管或米字型數(shù)碼管或LED點(diǎn)陣顯示？答：思考題2：怎樣修改成4位二進(jìn)制減法計(jì)數(shù)器，具有清零，啟動(dòng)控制功能等？答：思考題3：把計(jì)數(shù)器修改成2位或更多位十進(jìn)制計(jì)數(shù)功能，再用七段數(shù)碼管進(jìn)行顯示等？答：2. 實(shí)例6-2思考題：一位半加器電路采用VHDL語(yǔ)言實(shí)驗(yàn) 答： library ieee;use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;use iee.std_logic_uns

2、igned.all;entity halfadd isport (a,b;in std_logicsum,carry; out std_logic)end entity halfadd;architecture halfadd isbeginsum<=a and(not b)+b and (not a);carry<= a and b;end architecture halfadd;六 實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程我們組做的是一個(gè)利用led點(diǎn)陣規(guī)律亮滅變化形成字體，并且字體產(chǎn)生變化，形成“自動(dòng)化”的樣子，實(shí)現(xiàn)圖片如下圖：1. 實(shí)驗(yàn)分析：實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)思路：本實(shí)驗(yàn)的設(shè)計(jì)思路是利用led燈的輝光效應(yīng)，利用逐行

3、掃描，在高頻情況下就會(huì)顯示所有行的亮燈，進(jìn)而形成漢字，并且有時(shí)鐘計(jì)數(shù)程序，當(dāng)時(shí)鐘數(shù)字達(dá)到規(guī)定值（本實(shí)驗(yàn)為111111111b）時(shí)，跳轉(zhuǎn)到下一個(gè)狀態(tài)，顯示第二個(gè)憨子。每個(gè)漢字的顏色由led燈決定，改led矩陣有紅綠兩種led燈，因此有紅綠橙三種顏色顯示。2. 實(shí)現(xiàn)過(guò)程對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)思路的實(shí)現(xiàn)并非一帆風(fēng)順，最初編寫(xiě)的時(shí)候遇到了一些問(wèn)題。首先，定義輸入輸出角是個(gè)繁瑣的事情（需要定義40+次，每次必須手動(dòng)），另外，在程序編寫(xiě)過(guò)程中，也出現(xiàn)了一些邏輯錯(cuò)誤，對(duì)于錯(cuò)誤，我們仔細(xì)逐條語(yǔ)句分析，最終解決了錯(cuò)誤，解決過(guò)程中也加深了對(duì)FPGA的語(yǔ)言邏輯及硬件結(jié)構(gòu)的理解。七 .FPGA使用心得在學(xué)習(xí)FPGA過(guò)程中，我獲得了很

4、多收獲。首先，由于有單片機(jī)的基礎(chǔ)，上手過(guò)程并不是十分復(fù)雜，對(duì)于輸入輸出的理解我沒(méi)有遇到太多阻礙。這次學(xué)習(xí)也驗(yàn)證了我具有短時(shí)間內(nèi)掌握一款新型的芯片的能力。學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中最大的困難就是VDHL語(yǔ)言的編寫(xiě)。我們以前有c語(yǔ)言的基礎(chǔ)，不過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)這種新的語(yǔ)言還是花出了不少時(shí)間與精力，現(xiàn)在可以說(shuō)基本掌握的VDHL的基本寫(xiě)法和思路，能運(yùn)用到需要的程序中來(lái)。另外，調(diào)試的過(guò)程能極強(qiáng)地加大對(duì)程序的理解及邏輯的構(gòu)建，在調(diào)試中，逐漸明白了以前不懂的東西，對(duì)FPGA的工作原理的理解更加透徹了。不了解的人可能會(huì)把FPGA當(dāng)做一種單片機(jī)，但其實(shí)，相比于單片機(jī)，F(xiàn)PGA是有很多優(yōu)勢(shì)的。其無(wú)固定的硬件結(jié)構(gòu)使其具有遠(yuǎn)超單片機(jī)的靈活性，另

5、外，它的編程方法可以同步進(jìn)行多個(gè)process使其能同步處理多個(gè)進(jìn)程，因此，它的運(yùn)算效率大大提高，在當(dāng)今社會(huì)，有很大的利用價(jià)值。八 .電氣實(shí)驗(yàn)總結(jié)略附：程序library ieee;use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;use ieee.std_logic_unsigned.all;entity led isport(clk:in std_logic; rst:in std_logic; com:out std_logic_vector(7 downto 0); red:out std_logic_vector(7 downto 0); green:out std_logic

6、_vector(7 downto 0);end;architecture led of led isconstant s0:std_logic_vector(1 downto 0):="00" constant s1:std_logic_vector(1 downto 0):="01" constant s2:std_logic_vector(1 downto 0):="10" constant s3:std_logic_vector(1 downto 0):="11" signal present:std_log

7、ic_vector(1 downto 0); signal com1:std_logic_vector(7 downto 0);signal red1:std_logic_vector(7 downto 0);signal green1:std_logic_vector(7 downto 0);signal count:std_logic_vector(9 downto 0);signal zi:std_logic_vector(2 downto 0);beginprocess(rst,clk)beginif(rst='0')then-系統(tǒng)初始化 present<=s0;

8、 com1<=(others=>'0');elsif(clk'event and clk='1')then case present is when s0=>if(com1="00000000")then com1<="11111111" red1<="11111111" green1<="11111111" zi<="000" present<=s0; else if(count="1111111

9、11")then count<=(others=>'0'); present<=s1; else case zi is when "000"=> com1<="00001000" red1<="00000001" green1<="00000000" count<=count+1; zi<=zi+1; when "001" => com1<="00111100" red1<=&q

10、uot;00000010" green1<="00000000" count<=count+1; zi<=zi+1; when "010"=> com1<="00100100" red1<="00000100" green1<="00000000" count<=count+1; zi<=zi+1; when "011"=> com1<="00111100" red1<=&q

11、uot;00001000" green1<="00000000" count<=count+1; zi<=zi+1; when "100"=> com1<="00100100" red1<="00010000" green1<="00000000" count<=count+1; zi<=zi+1; when "101"=> com1<="00111100" red1<=&q

12、uot;00100000" green1<="00000000" count<=count+1; zi<=zi+1; when "110"=> com1<="00100100" red1<="01000000" green1<="00000000" count<=count+1; zi<=zi+1; when "111"=> com1<="00111100" red1<=&q

13、uot;10000000" green1<="00000000" count<=count+1; present<=s0; zi<="000" end case; end if; end if; when s1=>if(count="111111111")then -S1模式：從右到左逐個(gè)點(diǎn)亮LED count<=(others=>'0'); present<=s2; else present<=s1; case zi is when "000&

14、quot;=> com1<="00100000" red1<="00000001" green1<="00000001" count<=count+1; zi<=zi+1; when "001" => com1<="00100000" red1<="00000010" green1<="00000010" count<=count+1; zi<=zi+1; when "010

15、"=> com1<="00100110" red1<="00000100" green1<="00000100" count<=count+1; zi<=zi+1; when "011"=> com1<="11110000" red1<="00001000" green1<="00001000" count<=count+1; zi<=zi+1; when "100

16、"=> com1<="10101111" red1<="00010000" green1<="00010000" count<=count+1; zi<=zi+1; when "101"=> com1<="10100100" red1<="00100000" green1<="00100000" count<=count+1; zi<=zi+1; when "110

17、"=> com1<="10101010" red1<="01000000" green1<="01000000" count<=count+1; zi<=zi+1; when "111"=> com1<="10101111" red1<="10000000" green1<="10000000" count<=count+1; present<=s0; zi<=&quo

18、t;000" end case; count<=count+1; present<=s1; end if; when s2=>if(count="111111111")then -S2模式：從兩邊到中間逐個(gè)點(diǎn)亮LED count<=(others=>'0'); present<=s3; else case zi is when "000"=> com1<="00011000" red1<="00000000" green1<=&q

19、uot;00000001" count<=count+1; zi<=zi+1; when "001" => com1<="00010100" red1<="00000000" green1<="00000010" count<=count+1; zi<=zi+1; when "010"=> com1<="01010010" red1<="00000000" green1<=&

20、quot;00000100" count<=count+1; zi<=zi+1; when "011"=> com1<="00110011" red1<="00000000" green1<="00001000" count<=count+1; zi<=zi+1; when "100"=> com1<="00010010" red1<="00000000" green1<=&

21、quot;00010000" count<=count+1; zi<=zi+1; when "101"=> com1<="00011010" red1<="00000000" green1<="00100000" count<=count+1; zi<=zi+1; when "110"=> com1<="10010010" red1<="00000000" green1<=&

22、quot;01000000" count<=count+1; zi<=zi+1; when "111"=> com1<="11110010" red1<="00000000" green1<="10000000" count<=count+1; present<=s0; zi<="000" end case; count<=count+1; present<=s2; end if; when s3=>if(coun

23、t="111111111")then count<=(others=>'0'); present<=s0; else present<=s3; case zi is when "000"=> com1<="00000000" red1<="00000001" green1<="00000000" count<=count+1; zi<=zi+1; when "001" => com1<=&

24、quot;01100110" red1<="00000010" green1<="00000000" count<=count+1; zi<=zi+1; when "010"=> com1<="11111111" red1<="00000100" green1<="00000000" count<=count+1; zi<=zi+1; when "011"=> com1<="11111111" red1<="00001000" green1<=&