2019屆高考英語(通用版)二輪復習閱讀理解專題訓練：訓練4議論文(含解析)

1、訓練 4 議論文 A （2019 威海二模） Its Nice to be Home 1 I have bee n fortun ate eno ugh to make trips to many coun tries.They were won derful adventures filled with new sights and experiences.And my wife and I have another trip in the pla nning stages. Were home now and have settled back into our daily rout in

2、e of life. 2 I find that whe n I am at home, particularly for a while when we have just returned from a trip , I feel very comfortable.Perhaps it is because everything around me is familiar and the daily routine is so much the same I can move through it almost without thinking. 3 Perhaps it is becau

3、se we can have meals at home in stead of always being in restaura nts , although its nice to let some one else do the cooking , and because I can sleep in my own bed.There are times I think it would be nice to simply stop travelling and stay home and Im sure I would be very comfortable if that were

4、to happen. 4 Yet I guess I am probably a restless soul because I know that after I have bee n home for a while I will start to think about other places we might go and other things we want to see.We will travel again and we feel fortunate to be able to do so. 5 Still , one of the best things about t

5、ravelling for me is coming home .Im very comfortable here at home eve n if it is difficult to say exactly why. A . I like to travel very much. B. I enjoy local food while travelling. C. I like being home , for whatever reason. D. Perhaps it is because our friends are here. E. And I enjoy my daily li

6、fe at home so much. F. We want to see as much of the world as we can. G. Its lucky that my wife and I both love travelling. 本文是一篇議論文。作者很喜歡旅游 ，但每次旅游回到家都感到很舒服 ，或許因為周圍 的一切很熟悉，或許因為可以在家吃飯，或許因為可以睡在自己的床上。 1. A 根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容并結合 “have bee n fortun ate eno ugh to make trips to many coun tries. ”口 And my wife and I h

7、ave another trip in the planning stages.可知作者很喜歡旅游。 2. E 根據(jù)第二段首句 Were home now and have settled back into our daily routine of life. ” 中的 our daily routine of life 可知 E 項正確。 3. D 上句提到 Perhaps it is because everything around me is familiar and the daily routine is so much the same I can move through i

8、t almost without thi nking. 下句提至 U Perhaps it is because we can have meals at home in stead of always being in restaura nts.因此過渡句中也應出現(xiàn)關鍵詞 perhaps it is because, 故 D 項正確。 4. C 通過第二段的敘述并結合第三段首句 Yet I guess I am probably a restless soul because I know that after I have been home for a while ”中的關鍵詞 have

9、 been home 可知作者很喜歡在 家。 5. F 根據(jù)上兩句 “ will start to think about other places we might go and other things we want to see.We will travel aga in and we feel fortu nate to be able to do so.可知作者想盡可能多地游覽 世界各地。 B （2019 西安市質(zhì)量檢測） Each year, many animal species die out.They join the countless species that have

10、 gone extinct（滅絕的）over the course of the earths history and many people believe they disappear forever. 6 Now some scie ntists are focus ing on the ability to bring back ext inct species.This does nt mean the plot of Jurassic Park is going to become a reality.The researchers need DNA to clone a spec

11、ies. 7_ Dinosaurs have been gone too long for any of their DNA to remain in fossils（ 化石）. But theres a very real cha nee that we will be able to bring back more rece ntly ext inct species. 8_ In 2003 , a team of Spanish and French scientists recreated the Pyrenean ibex, which had gone exti net three

12、 years earlier.The new an imal did nt survive long , but scie ntific adva nces could improve the success rate .In Jan uary, Australia n scie ntists announced that they were on their way to bringing back the gastric broodi ng frog. That we can bring species back does nt mean that we should do that.Th

13、ere may be much ben efit of reviving （ 使復生） a species, but theres no way to know how it will turn out. 9 Or might it crowd out existing species? Environmentalists worry that our ability to bring species back might cut dow n support for the hard work of traditi onal con servati on. 10 If we can corre

14、ct our mistake , why not use the chanee to do that? As Stewart Brand , a bus in essma n and en vir onmen talist , recen tly said , “ Huma ns have made a huge hole in n ature.We have the ability now to repair some of that damage. ” A. However , some people argue that the ext in cti on of some ani mal

15、s is really our mistake. B. In addition , most people think that the extinction of some animals is really humans mistake. C. This could even include Ice Age animals like the woolly mammoth. D. However, you might need to redefine（重新定義）“ forever. ” E. For example, would a passenger pigeon fit into its

16、 old habitat（ 棲息地）? F. This could even be true to dino saurs that have bee n ext in ct l ong ago. G. DNA is the chemical that carries the structure of a living thing. 本文是一篇議論文，主要講述了我們可以用克隆手段來使滅絕的動物重新回到世界上 但這并不意味著我們應該那樣去做。 6. D 空格前指出“許多人認為一些動物物種會永遠消失 ”；第二段首句指出“現(xiàn)在一些 科學家正致力于恢復這些滅絕物種的研究 ”；由此可知，D 項“然而，你也

17、許需要重新定義 永 遠這個詞的含義”與上文中的“forever呼應，且引出下文內(nèi)容，符合語境。故選 D。 7. G 根據(jù)上文可知，研究人員需要 DNA 來克隆一個物種；根據(jù)下文可知 ，恐龍已經(jīng)消 失太久了，它們的 DNA 存在于它們的化石當中；由此可知 ，此處應是對 DNA 進行介紹，G 項“DNA 是一種攜帶了生物結構的化學物質(zhì) ”承上啟下，符合語境。故選 G。 8. C 根據(jù)上文可知，我們真的有機會能夠恢復更接近現(xiàn)代的滅絕物種；根據(jù)下文可知 ， 空格后主要講述的是研究例證； 由此可知，C 項“這甚至包括冰川時期的動物如猛犸象 ”承接 上文，下文的例子則對其進行了進一步論證 ,符合語境。故選

18、 C。 9. E 根據(jù)空格后的 or”表并列可知，此處與下文應是對稱的一般疑問句。 E 項“例如， 旅鴿能夠適應之前的棲息地嗎 ”與下文銜接密切，符合語境。故選 E。 10. A 根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知，恢復物種也許會有很多好處 ，但“我們”無法知道結果如 何。環(huán)保人士擔心恢復物種的能力也許會對傳統(tǒng)的保護物種的艱辛工作產(chǎn)生不良影響；空格 后句意：如果 “我們”能糾正自己的錯誤，為什么不利用這次機會呢？由此可知 ，上下文之 間構成轉折關系。A 項中的 However.our mistake.照應下文，符合語境。故選 A。 C （2019 成都二珍） Some people describe Amer

19、ican society as a salad bowl while others think of it as a melting pot. In a bowl of salad, all the ingredients are mixed together. 11 Together, however, the in gredie nts make up a uni ty.All the in gredie nts of a salad con tribute to the fini shed product.They may be covered with the same dressin

20、g（ 調(diào)味醬）,but the green vegetables , tomatoes and cooked corn can all be see n for what they are. From this point of view , America is very much like a salad bowl where in dividual eth nic groups mix together, yet main tai n their cultural uniquen ess.People may work together duri ng the day at simila

21、r jobs and in the same companies , but at night they may return to their ethnic groups where their own in dividual culture directs their way of life. 12 Each eth nic group has its own special customs, Ianguage, food and traditions to protect and defend.This idea of the salad bowl is referred to as c

22、ultural diversity ； that is, American society is a collection of various cultures living together in harm ony with in one coun try. 13_ Here, society is like one large pot of soup.All cultural aspects are mixed together sacrificing their original identity and keeping a bit of what they were to becom

23、e a new reality.The Ion ger the soup is cooked, the better the taste and the more likely it will be for the mixture to dissolve .In this sense , America can surely be see n as a melt ing pot where people from all over the world come to live and work together formi ng one n ati on. There are doze ns

24、of shared symbols. _14 In such a culture , symbols like the flag and the nations official song serve to break down the walls which separate eth nic groups. Whether a salad bowl or a melting pot , America can be best described as a mixture of both. 15 A . Both are correct depending on ones point of v

25、iew. B. They never lose their shapes, colors or tastes. C. This is why there is so much diversity within America. D. In other words , America is a nation where there is unity in diversity. E. Thus, one needs to abandon ones culture to be considered “American”. F. They serve to develop the various et

26、hnic groups to create a new American culture. G. The other theory , which is also used to describe American society , is the melting pot. 本文是一篇議論文，主要談論了美國就像一個沙拉碗或熔爐 ，來自世界各地的人們構成 了美國多元化的社會。 11. B 根據(jù) 下文中的 fhe ingredients make up a unity 禾口 can all be seen for what they are可 推測出，此段主要論述雖然美國社會就像一碗沙拉 ，所有的

27、原料都混合在一起 ，但各種原料 卻沒有因此失去自己的特色，即我們能看到不同種類的文化組成了現(xiàn)在的美國社會。所以 B 項符合上下文語境。故選 B。 12. C 根據(jù)下文中的 Each ethnicgroup has its own special.and defend.可知,每個民族都 有自己要保護和保衛(wèi)的特殊的文化、 語言、食物和傳統(tǒng)。由此可推斷出 ，此處解釋了美國多 元文化存在的原因。 C 項符合上下文語境。故選 C。 13. G 根據(jù)第一段中的兩種觀點 a salad bowl和 a melti ng pot 及空格后的 &ne large pot of soup”可知，本段要介紹

28、另外一種觀點。 G 項說法和第一段中的第二種觀點一致。故選 G。 14. F 根據(jù)下文中的 In such a culture , symbols like.serve to.groups. ” 可知，共同擁有 的符號有助于消除不同民族之間的隔閡 ，創(chuàng)造出一種新文化。F 項符合上下文語境，且 They” 指代上文中的 symbols”。故選 F。 15. D 該段是對全文內(nèi)容的總結。即美國是一個具有多樣性和統(tǒng)一性的國家。 D 項符合 語境，是對前面一句內(nèi)容的另一種表述。故選 D。 （2019 長春檢測） Happ in ess is the only true measure of pers

29、onal success.Mak ing other people happy is the highest expression of success. 16 With that in mind , here are some suggestions that will immediately in crease the amount of happ in ess in your life : 17 If theres any big truth about life , its that it usually lives up to your expectations.Therefore

30、, when you rise from bed , make your first thought : “ Somethingwonderful is going to happen today. Guess what? Youre probably right. Take time to plan and prioritize（ 優(yōu)先處理）. The most com mon source of stress is the thought that youve got too much work to do.Rather than worry about it , pick one thi

31、ng that will move you closer to your highest goal and purpose in life.The n do that first. Eat high quality food slowly. 18 Even so, at least once a day try to eat something really delicious , like a small chunk of fine cheese or an imported chocolate.Taste it, focus on it and enjoy it. Let go of yo

32、ur results. The big en emy of happ in ess is worry , which comes from focus ing on events that are outside your control.Onee youve taken action , theres usually nothing more you can do. 19 End each day with gratitude. Just before you go to bed , write down at least one wonderful thing that happened.

33、lt might be somethi ng as small as making a child laugh or someth ing as huge as a milli on dollar deal. 20 A. Start each day with expectations. B. Give a gift to every one you meet. C. Think about the thing that makes your head hurt. D. Its impossible to make others happy if youre not happy. E. Wha

34、tever it is , be grateful for that day because it will never come again. F. Sometimes we cant avoid eating something quickly and running. G. Focus on the job at hand rather than some fantasy that might happen. 本文是一篇議論文，講述了我們應該如何來增加我們生活中的幸福感。 16. D 根據(jù)前文 Making other people happy is the highest expres

35、sion of success”禾口后文 With that in mind.in your life 可知這里與 D 項自己不開心時想要使別人開心 ，那是不可能 的事情”語境相符。 17. A 根據(jù)后文 “If theres any big truth about life , its that it usually lives up to your expectations.”可知，不要辜負你的期望，所以應該是每天都帶著期望開始新一天的生活 ，故 選 A 項。 18. F 根據(jù) Eat high quality food slowly.可知，要慢慢享受高質(zhì)量的食物 ，這與 F 項語境 相符

36、。 19. G 根據(jù) “Once youve taken action ， theres usually nothing more you can do. ” 可知，過 多的擔憂完全沒有必要，所以應該專注于手頭的工作 ，而非臆測可能發(fā)生的可怕結果 ，故選 G 項。 20. E 根據(jù).write down at least one wonderful thing that happened.可知,要寫下至少一件 當天發(fā)生的美好的事情，這與 E 項語境相符。 E （2019 云南紅河州檢測） We spend so much time waiting to be loved , hoping lo

37、ve will find us , and looking for that special love.Unfortunately , thats not usually how life works.To be loved, you should love and respect yourself as much as you do others .In order to love some one , you should love yourself. Stop compari ng yourself to others. 21 We all have differe nt gifts.W

38、he n you compare yourself to others for what they have , whether it is a car, a house, or a job, it makes you feel bad about yourself.Really be grateful about everyth ing you have.Gratitude keeps your heart ope n to love. Practise receivi ng love.To truly love is to be able to receive it.Whe n some one loves you , does some kind deeds to you , or says kind words , accept it. 22 K