八年級上冊英語(蘇教版八年級)8AU3知識點整理

1、八年級英語課堂筆記8a unit 3 1. climb the hill 爬山 climb (up)爬 climb up the great wall爬長城climb into the bed 爬上床climb through the window從窗戶爬出來climb over the wall 翻越墻2. need to exercise and keep fit 需要鍛煉來保持健康keep fit, keep healthy, stay healthy 保持健康keep sb + adj: keep us healthykeep sb + doing: keep workers work

2、ing need作名詞時，構(gòu)成短語in need。作行為動詞時有人稱和數(shù)的變化，后接不定式或動名詞；當(dāng)主語和它后面的動詞之間有一種被動關(guān)系時，使用need doing 或 need to be done。作情態(tài)動詞時無人稱和數(shù)的變化，后接動詞原形。we should help people in need. he needs to study hard. a lot of homework needs finishing.a lot of homework needs to be finished. exercise n/vdo morning /eye exercises.做鍛煉： do e

3、xercise 做練習(xí)： do exercises 他每天鍛煉。 he does exercise every day. / he exercises every day. 3. come on (命令句 )快，快點吧；走吧；跟我來；這邊來吧come on! we ll be late for school.快點！我們上學(xué)要遲到了。4. let s enjoy ourselves! enjoy oneselfhave a good time 玩得高興 ,過得愉快， 反身代詞與主語保持一致。let s do sth, shall we? 除此以外的祈使句,無論是肯定式還是否定式,附加疑問部分一律

4、用will you. e.g. don t be late again, will you? open the door, will you? let us go home, will you?5. take a boat trip 乘船旅行， go past the opera house 經(jīng)過悉尼歌劇院6. sit in a little coffee shop by the river seine坐在塞納河畔的一個小咖啡店里coffee house 咖啡店；茶館，coffee shop 咖啡店by 在旁邊 (比 near近) come and warm yourself by the f

5、ire. 過來烤烤火。7. take care保重；當(dāng)心，小心take (good) care of look afterwell ( 好好 )照顧 look out 當(dāng)心 look out of 向外看be careful 小心 be careful of/with珍視；注意please be careful of your health. 請注意你的健康。8. a beautiful building with a big garden and many trees 介詞短語with a big garden and many trees 作后置定語，修飾名詞a beautiful bui

6、lding 。9. foreign country 外國， a foreign language 一門外語10. have a wonderful/great/good time 玩得高興 ;過得愉快have a wonderful/great/good time + doing 11. interesting placesplaces of interest 有趣的地方；名勝(注意此處的interest 無復(fù)數(shù) ) 這里 interest 解釋為 “ 令人感興趣的事或人” 。interest 還表示 “ 興趣 ” ，常用的短語有：show/have interest in sth 對 某事感

7、興趣，show/have interest in doing sth 對 做某事感興趣 daniel shows/has great interest in computers. daniel shows/has great interest in making his own home page.12. invite me to join their school trip to the world park邀請我參加她們學(xué)校組織的去世界公園的旅行invite sb to邀請某人去某地sb be invited to某人應(yīng)邀去某地，millie invited me to her birth

8、day party. i was invited to millie s birthday party.invite sb to do sth 邀請某人做某事sb be invited to do sth 某人應(yīng)邀做某事，we should invite more people to take part in the charity show. more people should be invited to take part in the charity show. join 參加，加入某組織， 如政黨、 社會團體等。 join sb , join sb in sth 指和某人一起做某事。

9、join in take part in參加某活動，attend 出席。試比較：he joined the tennis club. the man joined the army at the age of 19. he joined in the game. did you take part in your school sports meeting? were going to plant trees. will you join us? he joined us in the game.13. at the beginning 開始；起初at the beginning in the

10、 beginning at firstat the start 開始；起初at last, finally, in the end后來；最后；終于，與上述短語“ 開始，起初 ” 意思相反。at the beginning of在之初 (后接時間 ) at the end of在末尾，在 的盡頭 (后接時間或地點 ) 注意：沒有in the beginning of , in the end offrom beginning to end 自始至終；從頭到尾。注意：該短語不含定冠詞the。begin with start with先做 ；以 開始e.g. lets begin with exer

11、cise 1. 表示 “ 啟程 ” 、機器的 “ 啟動 ” 只能用 start。let s start at 6:00 a.m. tomorrow.well begun is half done. 良好的開端是成功的一半。14. at the school gate在學(xué)校大門口at 表示在較小的地方，如：at the theatre 在劇院， at the party 在聚會上， at the airport 在機場，at the bus stop在公交站臺，at the crossing, at the crossroads在十字路口15. get on a coach上長途汽車get on

12、 /get off上/下(車/船等 )，e.g. get on/get off the plane 上/下飛機16. a lot of traffic heavy traffic busy traffic 交通擁擠，作主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù)。17. one / it / that (those)的區(qū)別your coat is very nice. i will buy _one_ tomorrow. the weather in beijing is colder than _that_ in changzhou. people in china are more friendly than _

13、those_ in the uk. i only have one copy of newspaper, do you want _it_ ? one 是指同類不同物，指代前面出現(xiàn)的單數(shù)名詞，復(fù)數(shù)用ones；it 指同類同物；that 或 those用于比較級中。試翻譯：the pyramids look like the real ones. 18. whole ：the whole world= all the world the whole day = all day 19. arrive at the world park 到達世界公園“ 到達 ” 有三種表達，get to某地， ar

14、rive at小地方， arrive in 大地方， reach某地。get to， arrive at/in 后接地點副詞時不能用介詞，常用的地點副詞有here, there, home。如：get/arrive here/there/home 到這里 /到那里 /到家。20. be made of metal 由金屬制成be made of 由 制成，強調(diào)從制成的成品上還能看得出原材料，物理變化。the desk is made of wood. 這 x 桌子是木制的。be made from 由制成，表示從成品上已經(jīng)看不出原材料,化學(xué)變化。wine is made of grapes.

15、葡萄酒是葡萄釀成的。be made up of 由組成，由 構(gòu)成，指各個部分組成整體。our class is made up of 54 students. 我們班由54 名學(xué)生組成。be made in 在某地制造nokia mobile phones are made in beijing.21. not any more再也不 no more，no more, no longer 用于 be 動詞后、行為動詞前not any more no more再也不 ( 表示程度、數(shù)量上的不再)not any longer no longer 不再 ( 表示時間上的不再延續(xù)) e.g.when

16、the baby saw his mother, he did not cry any more.after having some bread, she was no longer hungry.more and more越來越 ；越來越多 more or less 幾乎；差不多what is more 更有甚者；更為重要的是e.g.i ve more or less finished reading the book. 我差不多已經(jīng)讀完這本書。youre wrong, and what is more you know it. 你錯了！而且你明明知道你錯了！22. the song and

17、 dance shows歌舞巡游， join in the dancing 加入舞蹈行列23. on the internet 在因特網(wǎng)上on the computer 在電腦上， on the screen 在屏幕上， on tv 在電視上24. teach himself how to make a home page 自學(xué)制作網(wǎng)頁teach oneselflearn by oneself 自學(xué) ，疑問詞帶to 的動詞不定式。25. go and see for yourself 親自去看看for oneself 親自， by oneselfon one s ownalone 獨自； 單獨

18、did she find it out for herself? yes. she did it all by herself.26. travel from one place to another 從一個地方到另一地方旅行from one place to another 相當(dāng)于 from place to place 類似的有： from one country to another from country to country 。fromto another 中的 another 不能用 other 代替。fromto 中的名詞前不能用冠詞a/an/the，名詞不能用復(fù)數(shù)。from

19、beginning to end 自始至終， from head to foot 從頭到腳from morning to night27. take a look at看一看have/take a look 看一看，只強調(diào)看的動作；have/take a look at看一看 i took a lot of photos in shenzhen. may i have/take a look at them?take a look at the things (people used in the past). 括號內(nèi)的句子是定語從句。28.in the past 過去， at present

20、現(xiàn)在， in the future 將來；未來(注意介詞in/at 和冠詞的搭配) 29. walk slowly around the big lake and feel the beauty of the old park in the summer palace在頤和園里環(huán)湖漫步，感受這座古老公園的美麗beauty n. 美；美麗e.g. a thing of beauty is a joy for ever.美的事物永遠令人喜愛。(語出約翰 濟慈 john keats英國文壇巨星、著名詩人，與雪萊、拜倫齊名) 美人；美麗的事物，she was a beauty in her day.

21、around 圍繞；環(huán)繞 show sb around. 帶領(lǐng)某人參觀某地the guide showed us around the xuanwulakepark. the earth travels around the sun. 30. which city do you want to go to?該句的疑問詞which 作 go to 的賓語，不能使用where。例如該句可以回答為i want to go to paris/washington/london. 試比較： where does he live? which flat does he live in?31. travel

22、 by underground 坐地鐵by underground 乘坐地鐵， by交通工具，是介詞短語，此時by 后無介詞。類似的有：by bus/train/plane/underground 乘坐公共汽車/火車 /飛機 /地鐵。表示 “ 乘坐某交通工具去某地” 通常有兩種表達：go to sp bytake the to 。例如：坐地鐵去市中心：go to the centre of the city by underground take the underground to the centre of the city 。另外， “ 乘坐飛機去某地” 有三種形式： go to by

23、planetake the plane tofly to ( 飛往 )32. learn more about old beijing 更多地了解老33. great fun 很有趣fun 名詞 娛樂， 嬉戲e.g. he is full of fun. 他很有趣。 有趣的人或事we had a lot of fun at the party.在聚會上我們玩得很高興。it is fun to play cards. 玩牌很有趣。 (不加 a) for fun 鬧著玩的， e.g. i have said it just for fun. 我是說著玩的。make fun of 嘲弄 e.g. t

24、hey made fun of him.34. go horse riding 去騎馬， e.g. you can go horse riding in inner mongolia. 35. keep their secret to themselves 保守著他們的這個秘密keep sth to oneself 不將某事說出去e.g.she always keeps her ideas to herself. the problem of stress gets worse when people keep their worries to themselves.keep secrets

25、for sb 為某人 xx ，e.g. thank you so much for keeping the secret for me. keep secrets from sb 對某人 xx 36. at the front of the bus 在公交車的前部 at/in the front of在的前部in front of “ 在的前面 ” ，主要指一物體在另一物體的前面，兩者是分開的， 反義詞是behind，“ 在的后面 ” ；而 at/in the front of 則指一物體中有一部分位于前部，在某物的前面部分，即兩者是包容的， the front 是某物的不可分割的組成部分；a

26、t/in the front of 的反義詞是at the back of在某物的后面部分；而before 是 “ 在的面前 ” 。the introduction is always in/at the front of the book.序言總是置于卷首。she sat in/at the front of the bus to get a good view of the country. many people took photos (在前面 ) the leaning tower of pisa.the robber was taken (在面前 ) the policeman.3

27、7. in the final of the basketball competition在籃球賽決賽中in the first half of the在的上半場比賽中，in the second half of the在 的下半場比賽中，in the final of the在 的決賽中， half-time 中場休息， presentation of cup and medals 頒發(fā)獎杯和獎牌儀式， gold medal 金牌， silver medal 銀牌， bronze medal 銅牌。注意：贏得 /獲得金牌： win a gold medal38. take place 發(fā)生；

28、舉行，不與物動詞短語，不能接賓語，不能用于被動語態(tài)中。發(fā)生the dialogue took place at a tailor s shop. great changes havetaken place in china since 1989. 注意： happen是“ 偶然發(fā)生 ” e.g. what happened to him last night? 舉行 be held，e.g. the wedding of michael and stella will take place next sunday.take the place of取代 /代替 ，take ones place

29、 取代 /代替某人here is a toy plane to take the place of the one you lost.my sister is ill, and ive come to take her place. now plastics ( 塑料 ) can take the place ofsteel in many ways in life.39. go back to my school 回到我的學(xué)校go back toreturn to 回到e.g. hong and macao have returned to china.40. a fun place to

30、visit 動詞不定式作后置定語，這里的fun 是形容詞，意為“ 有趣的 ” 。41. the plan for today 當(dāng)天的計劃 plan n.計劃v.計劃make a plan 制訂計劃， make a/the plan for 制訂 的計劃， plan to do sth 計劃做某事e.g. make a plan for the coming summer holiday 42. change to the bus換乘公共汽車change v.，“ 交換 ” ，與復(fù)數(shù)賓語連用can we change seats? change名詞， 變化 (可數(shù)名詞 ) e.g. great

31、changes巨變找給的零錢“ don t forget your change!” said the cashier.43. take the bus all the way to the palace museum 乘公共汽車直達故宮44. make it a really fun day for everyone 使每個人度過真正有趣的一天45. let me know as soon as possible. let sb know as soon as possible盡快通知某人46. luck n.運氣，常用于good luck to sb. 祝某人好運。 good luck w

32、ith sth. 某事好運。luck lucky adj. 幸運的， e.g. a lucky dog 幸運兒 ;lucky luckily幸好 ,幸運地 ,幸運的是 ,常用于句首。her handbag was stolen on her way back home. (luck), she hadn t put her keys in it.47. support v.&n. 支持；養(yǎng)活e.g. have a lot of support from sb 得到某人的大力支持mark has a big family to support. 馬克養(yǎng)活一大家人。with one s s

33、upport 在某人的支持下support supporter 支持者；擁護者e.g. i m a yao ming supporter.我是姚明的球迷。48. instead adv. 代替e.g. there s nothing at the cinema. let s go to the internet bar instead. instead of名詞 /代詞 /動名詞 /介詞短語，代替 e.g. can i come at 9:00 instead of 8:00?49. real/true 詞語辨析real 和 true 的主要含義不同，real 指確實存在、非相像的；true

34、表示與事實相符、真實、非杜撰的。 e.g. was it real or was it a dream? 這是真實還是夢幻？is the news true? 這消息是真的嗎？ a movie based on a true story 取材于真實故事的電影50. movement n. 運動；行進；走動e.g. there was a sudden movement in the bushes. 灌木叢里突然有什么東西動了一下。the womens/peace movement 婦女 /和平運動51. ticket 票；券；入場券a bus/theatre/plane ticket 公共汽車

35、票 /戲票 /機票，tickets are available from arts centre at ￥50. 藝術(shù)中心有票，每x50 元。a ticket for票, free tickets for the show 演出的免費入場券 a ticket office 售票處， a ticket machine 自動售票機，a ticket collector 收票員52. win (在比賽、賽跑、戰(zhàn)斗中)獲勝 ,贏,后接賓語為比賽、賽跑、戰(zhàn)斗等，不能接人作賓語反義詞 lose。winner 獲勝者。 beat(在比賽或競爭中)贏、打敗 (某人 )，后接的賓語是人或團體。france wo

36、n the world cup in 1998, but lost in 2002. congratulations! you win!he beat me at chess. their recent wins have proved theyre still the ones to beat.53. cheer vi.歡呼；喝彩； cheer for為 歡呼 cheerful 高興的；興高采烈的，cheering crowds greeted their arrival. we all cheered for our football team as they came on the field. the crowd cheered the president when he drove slowly by. he felt cheerful and full of energy. 他感到興高采烈，渾身充滿活力。 ch