Module4Seeingthetorunit3languageinuse導(dǎo)學(xué)案

1、英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)學(xué)案(八年級(jí)下冊(cè))Module 4 Seeing the doctorUnit 3 Language in use【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】1 .知識(shí)目標(biāo)：掌握重點(diǎn)單詞、短語(yǔ)和句子。2 .能力目標(biāo)：能夠檢查自身的生活習(xí)慣， 對(duì)存在的問(wèn)題能主動(dòng)尋求解決方案并積極提出建議3 .情感目標(biāo)：協(xié)調(diào)好運(yùn)動(dòng)與學(xué)習(xí)的辯證關(guān)系【自主復(fù)習(xí)】一、短語(yǔ)歸納1.胃疼、腹疼 2、感冒3、量某人的體溫 4快餐食品5、太多6、對(duì)有害7、健康的生活 8決定彳某事9、參加、加入 10健康狀況很好11、渾身、到處 12太而不能13、最近幾年 14、開(kāi)始做某事15、感到不舒服/健康/困乏二、巨型盤點(diǎn)1. stop doing sth.停止做

2、某事2. Why don't we do sth.?我們?yōu)楹尾蛔瞿呈履兀?. too+adj. +to do sth.太. 而不能做某事4. What (+a/an)+fl容詞+名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！5. “疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”作賓語(yǔ)6. What about doing sth.?7. too much + 不可數(shù)名詞too many +可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)much too +形容詞/副詞8. by doing sth.表示“通過(guò)做某事”9. decide to do sth.表示“決定做某事”10. take part in + 比賽/ 會(huì)議【語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)】一、構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是由助動(dòng)詞 have(ha

3、s)+i詞的過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成。助動(dòng)詞have(has宸明 事情發(fā)生于現(xiàn)在。它和主語(yǔ)的人稱、數(shù)要保持一致。過(guò)去分詞在句子中做謂語(yǔ)， 說(shuō)明句子的含義。二、用法(1)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去某個(gè)不確定的時(shí)間，但對(duì)現(xiàn)在有某種影響和結(jié)果。常被just、already、yet等副詞修飾。如：-Have you had lunch yet? -Yes,I have. I've just had it.你(已經(jīng))吃午飯了嗎？我剛剛吃過(guò)。(現(xiàn)在我不餓了)(2)表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻開(kāi)始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。這個(gè)動(dòng)作可能剛停止，可能仍然在進(jìn)行。常帶有 for和since等表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)。如：He has taug

4、ht here since 1981他自1981年就在這兒教書。(可能還要繼續(xù)教)I have't seen her for four years.我有四年沒(méi)見(jiàn)到她了。(3)表示說(shuō)話前發(fā)生過(guò)一次或多次的動(dòng)作，現(xiàn)在成為一種經(jīng)驗(yàn)，一般譯為 漢語(yǔ).“過(guò)”,常帶有 twice,ever,never,three time片時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。如： I have been to Beijing twice.我去過(guò)北京二次。三、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)(1)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)屬于現(xiàn)在時(shí)范圍，故不能和過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如：yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago。但是，在強(qiáng)

5、調(diào)動(dòng)作產(chǎn)生的后果和 影響時(shí)，可以和一些表示不確定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。a.用副詞already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和 疑 問(wèn)句中。如：We have already finished our homewor峨們已完成作業(yè)了。They haven't finished their homework yet他們還沒(méi)有完成作業(yè)。b.用ever和never。多用于否定或疑問(wèn)句中，表示“曾經(jīng)”或“從未“等。如：-Have you ever been to the Great Wall你曾經(jīng)去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城嗎？-I have never been to the Grea

6、t Wa 我從未去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城。c用表示到說(shuō)話為止的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，如just,before,up to now,the past fewyears 等。例如：I have seen her before,but I can not remember where.我以前見(jiàn)過(guò)她，但記不起在哪里見(jiàn)過(guò)。He has been there three times the last few days.近幾年他去過(guò)那里三次了。d.用包括 “現(xiàn)在” 在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，如： now,today,this morning(month,year,term) 等。例如：-Have you met him today?-No,

7、I haven't.今天你見(jiàn)過(guò)他嗎？我 沒(méi)有。How many times have you been there this year?今年你去過(guò)那里多少次？(2)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以和帶有since或for等表示“一段時(shí)間”的狀語(yǔ)連用，表示動(dòng) 作或狀態(tài)從某一時(shí)刻開(kāi)始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。arrivefbe here die fbe dead leave fbe away get upr be up finish fbe over open fbe open close fbe closed borrow fkeep如：I haven't seen him for two years.但

8、是，像 come,arrive,buy 等終止性動(dòng)詞不能 與表示“一段時(shí)間”的狀語(yǔ),連用。要用，必須改為“ be (在)”等延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞來(lái) 表述?，F(xiàn)歸納總結(jié)一下由非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞到延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)換：begin(start)- be oncome bacQ be backfall 川(sick,asleep)-be ill(sick,asleep)go out fbe output on fwear 或 be onjoin fbe in 或 be a member ofgo to school be a studentbuyfhavecatch(a cold戶 have(a cold) get to

9、know fknowbegin to stud尸studycome to workfwork 等如：He has been a soldier for three year她參軍三年了。His father has been dead for two yearsfc父親去世二年了。The film has been on for ten minutes 電影已開(kāi)始十分鐘了。We have studied English for three years.我們(開(kāi)始)學(xué)英語(yǔ)已三年了。四、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)都表示在過(guò)去完成的動(dòng)作。但現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是這 一動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在的

10、關(guān)系。如對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或影響等，而一般過(guò)去時(shí)只表示動(dòng)作 在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻發(fā)生，不表示和現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。試比較：I have lost my new book.我把新書丟了。(現(xiàn)在還未找到)I lost my new book yesterday.我昨天把新書丟了。(昨天丟的，現(xiàn)在找到與否沒(méi)說(shuō)明)五、幾點(diǎn)注意事項(xiàng)(1) have been(to療 have gone( to)勺區(qū)另1J： have been(to宸示“去過(guò)某地(現(xiàn) 在已經(jīng)回來(lái)了)”，可用于各人稱；have gone(to)8示“去某地了(說(shuō)話時(shí)某人 不在當(dāng)?shù)?”，常用于第三人稱，前者可與once ,never,several tim

11、e野連用，后者則不能。如：They have been to Beijing twice他們?nèi)ミ^(guò)北京兩次。He has goneto Beijing .他去北京了。(2)如單純表示一段時(shí)間，或強(qiáng)調(diào)一段時(shí)間，雖有 since一詞，也不必用完成 時(shí)。如：It is two years since his father died. =His father has been dead for two years他父親去世已有三年了。(3)終止性動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定式，已變成一種可以延續(xù)的狀態(tài)，因此可以 和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。如：I haven't left here since 1997自

12、從1997年以來(lái)，我一直沒(méi)有離開(kāi)過(guò)這兒。 【語(yǔ)法專練】I .用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. I(live) in this city since 1999.2. She(learn) English for 2 years.3. The Greens(move) to Paris in 2003.4. The film(begin) a few minutes ago. II句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. They have been in Beijing for six years.否定句) 一±般疑問(wèn)句)they been in Beijing?(M戈”線部分提問(wèn))2. They have bee

13、n friends since they came to this school.杳定句）t股疑問(wèn)句）they been friend硼劃線部分提問(wèn)）m.單項(xiàng)選擇1. Anna has the army for 2 years.A. joined B. be in C. been in D. joined in2. We have been friends since.A. children B. five years C. five years ago D. five years before3. Mike the story for a month.A. has bought B. has

14、 had C. had had D. has borrowed4. You that question three times.A. already asked B. have already askedC. already have asked D. asked already5. Those foreign friends left Guangzhou.A. since last week B. a week ago C. for a week D. since a week ago6. I at this school for two years.A. am studying B. st

15、udy C. studied D. have studied7. They in the city since last summer.A. live B. didn t live; C. have lived D. live8. Mrs. Wang has lived in Beijing 1992.A. since B. from C. after D. in9. Mr. Black China since the summer of 1998.A. has been to B. has beenri C. has come to D. came to10. His father for

16、years.A. has died B. has been dead C. died D. dies11. Mary to see the films because she it twice.A. won ' t go, saw B. won ' t go, will seeC. won ' t go, has seen D. didn ' t go, sees12. - Would you like some more food?-Thank you. I enough.A. will have B. have had C. have D. had13. y

17、ou England? Yes, it a beautiful country.A. W川，gone to, was B.Have, been to, isC. Had, been to, is D.Have, gone to, is14. -you to Beijing?-No, I.I there early next month.A. Have, been, haven ' t, am going B. Had, been, hadn ' t, am goingC. Have, gone, haven ' t, was going D. Did,go, didn

18、' t, was going15. -You sister to London to study English. Is that true?-Yes , she there for two months.A. has been, has been B. will go, has goneC. gone, will be D. has gone, has been16. He has a computer of his own. He it two days agoA. bought B. bought C. bought D. has bought17. Where is Li Lei? He Shanghai.A. has gone to B. has been to C. went to D. goes to18. He his homework and is now listening to music.A. finishes B. has finished C. finish D. is