(完整word版)2018高考最常考短語(yǔ)匯總(一)

1、daily con versatio ns. 在一些語(yǔ)言中，100個(gè)詞就構(gòu)成了一半的日常會(huì)話用語(yǔ)。 2018 高考最?？级陶Z(yǔ)匯總（） 動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ) 1. agree with 同意；贊同： I quite agree with him on the sports. 我非常同意他在運(yùn)動(dòng)方面的觀點(diǎn)。 與相符；與一致： His words do not agree with his actions. 他言行不一致。 常用于否定句（食物等）適合： Too much meat does n t agree wi她不宜吃太多肉。 2. hold on 抓著不放；堅(jiān)持： She held on to me ti

2、ghtly. 她緊緊地抓住我。 I will hold on to my dream and n ever give it up. 我要堅(jiān)持自己的夢(mèng)想， 永不放棄。 電話用語(yǔ)別掛斷；等一下： Can you hold on? I ll see if the man ager 先別掛電話行s in the office. 嗎？我去看看經(jīng)理在不在辦公室。 Hold on! This isn t the ri等一cSd.這條路不對(duì)！ 3. make up 不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)組成；構(gòu)成： In some Ian guages, 100 words make up half of all words used

3、 in 編寫；編造: At your first meeti ng you should make up a rule book. 在第一次會(huì)議 上，你要編寫出一個(gè)規(guī)章手冊(cè)。 為化妝： They made him up as an old man for the last act of the play. 在演這 出戲的最后一幕時(shí)，他們把他打扮成一個(gè)老頭。 4. pick up 拿起；拾起: The phone rang and I picked it up. I picked up the rubbish and threw it into the trash can. 我把垃圾拾起 來(lái)，扔

4、進(jìn)垃圾桶。 She went over to the crying child and picked her up. 她走至 U啼哭的孩 子身邊，把她抱了起來(lái)。 （車輛等）中途搭（人）;中途帶（貨）: I ve got to pick up my daughter from school at four o 我四點(diǎn)鐘 得去學(xué)校接女兒。 Buses pick up and drop off people at differe nt places on the route. 公 交車在其線路上不同的地方讓人們上下車。 營(yíng)救；救起： Twenty men fell in to the water a

5、nd were picked up by other boats.二十人落水后，被其他船只救起。 （偶然地、無(wú)意地）得到；學(xué)會(huì)（語(yǔ)言）;買到: She picked up Japa nese whe n she was in Japa n. Now she can speak it 電話響了，我接了起來(lái) freely.她在日本時(shí)學(xué)會(huì)了日語(yǔ)，現(xiàn)在她日語(yǔ)講得很流利。 We man aged to pick up a few barga ins in the market. 我們從市場(chǎng)上買 到了幾件便宜貨。 接收到： We were able to pick up the BBC World Ser

6、vice. 我們能收聽到英國(guó)廣播 公司的國(guó)際廣播節(jié)目。 重提（話題）;恢復(fù)（健康等）： He picks up this theme aga in in later chapters of the book. 在該書的 后幾章，他又重回到這個(gè)主題上。 5. take up 開始（從事）；占用（occupy）: Rogers took up painting for a while, but soon lost in terest. 羅杰斯學(xué)了 一段時(shí)間的繪畫，但很快便失去了興趣。 Meet ings and phone calls take up a large part of the day

7、. 開會(huì)和接電 話占用了一天中的大部分時(shí)間。 6. turn out 制造；生產(chǎn)；培養(yǎng)出： The factory turns out 900 cars a week. 這家工廠一周生產(chǎn)九百輛汽車。 原來(lái)（是）;證明（是）;結(jié)果（是）: Un expectedly the weather turned out pretty nice that day. 出乎意料 的是，那天天氣特別好。 It turned out that his brother died of a heart attack. 原來(lái)他的兄弟死 于心臟病。 7. work out 算出；總共達(dá)： I m just trying

8、to work out how much I spe nd each mon th. 我正在盡 力算出我每月的開銷。 解決；把弄清楚： To work out the difficult maths problem, I have con suited Professor Russell several times. 為了解出這道數(shù)學(xué)難題，我已經(jīng)請(qǐng)教拉塞爾教授好幾次 了。 制定（出）： Trained exercise teachers can help you work out a training pla n and keep you active. 訓(xùn)練有素的體育老師能幫你制定一套訓(xùn)練計(jì)

9、劃，使你保持活 力。 產(chǎn)生結(jié)果；被證明有效： Everythi ng worked out OK in the end. 事情的結(jié)果還不錯(cuò)。 I want to follow Davi d s example but it never worked out for me. 我 想效仿大衛(wèi)的做法，但這對(duì)我沒有效果。 鍛煉；訓(xùn)練： I go to the sports club and work out once a week. 我一周去一次體育館 鍛煉。 8. get through 到達(dá)；辦完；（使）通過(guò)；（使）熬過(guò)；（打電話時(shí)）打通： She got through the exam in

10、ati on. 她通過(guò)了考試。 Focus ing on that goal helps me get through tough times. 專注于那一目 標(biāo)幫我熬過(guò)了艱難時(shí)期。 I tried phoning her office, but I could n 我試過(guò)打她辦公et through. 室電話，但沒打通。 9. make out 勉強(qiáng)看見；聽見: I could barely make out the stage in the dark ness. /、 舞臺(tái) saying.我能聽到說(shuō)話的聲音，但聽不清他們?cè)谡f(shuō)什么 黑暗中我?guī)缀蹩床灰?I could hear voices

11、but I could n t mgkethey 理解；弄清： His writing is so confusing that it s difficult to make out what he is trying to express. 他的筆跡模糊不清，很難弄清他到底想表達(dá)什么。 寫出；開列： She was maki ng out a list of people to in vite. 她正在寫一份邀請(qǐng)名單。 10. put up 舉起；抬起；提高: Put up your hands if you have any questions. 如果有問題請(qǐng)舉手 They have pu

12、t up the rent by $200 a month. 200美兀。 公布；張貼（布告、相片等）： 他們把每月的租金提高了 Posters were put up around our school, calli ng upon us to join in the actio ns for a green er earth. 校園中到處張貼著海報(bào)，號(hào)召我們加入到讓地 球更環(huán)保的行動(dòng)中去。 建造（房屋等）；搭建： They ve put up a lot of high -rise buildings recently. 最近他們蓋起了很 多高樓大廈。 留宿；住宿： I was hop i

13、ng Kenny could put me up for a few days. 我希望肯尼能讓我 留宿幾天。 11. set dow n 記下；放下: I don t want to set dow n a series of facts in a diary as most peopl e do.我不愿像大多數(shù)人那樣在日記中記流水賬。 12. turn over 翻身；（使）翻轉(zhuǎn)；翻過(guò)（書頁(yè)）: He did not fall asleep, turning over in bed from time to time. 著，在床上時(shí)不時(shí)地翻身。 Don t turn over the pa

14、ge yet. 先別把這頁(yè)翻過(guò)去。 他沒睡 移交: He turned over the work to the secretary. 他把工作移交給了秘書。 13. break dow n （機(jī)器等）出故障；（身體等）垮掉；（情感等）失控： On my way to the stati on my car broke dow n. 去車站的路上，我的車 壞了。 Her health broke dow n un der the pressure of work. 她的身體在工作壓 力下垮掉了。 He broke dow n as he thought of his failure to se

15、ll all his newspapers.想到?jīng)]賣掉所有的報(bào)紙，他禁不住哭了起來(lái)。 （談判等）失?。?Talks betwee n the two sides have broke n dow n. 雙方的談判破裂了。 把分若干部分（以方便做或理解）： Each less on is broke n dow n into several un its. 每一課都分成幾部分。 14. look dow n upon 輕視；看不起： Never look dow n on people less superior tha n you. 不要輕視不如你的 人。 15. look up to 尊敬；

16、仰視： I look up to him because he s a我尊敬他,因?yàn)樗莻€(gè)真正的 藝術(shù)家。 16. die down 逐漸變?nèi)?；逐漸降低； Whe n the applause had died dow n, she bega n her speech. 掌聲漸漸消 失時(shí)，她開始講話。 The wi nd has died dow n a bit. 風(fēng)小了一點(diǎn)。 17. get over越過(guò)（墻等）；克服（困難、偏見等）；從（病、損失等）中恢 復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)： I don t kno wwhwe are going to get over these difficulties. 我不知

17、道 我們?cè)鯓硬拍芸朔@些困難。 We are certa in that he will get over his ill ness. 病。 18. go by 走過(guò)；流逝；過(guò)去： Everyth ing will get easier as time goes by. 隨著時(shí)間的推移，一切都會(huì)好 起來(lái)的。 19. go over 從一處到（另一處）；仔細(xì)檢查；溫習(xí)： We went over to the flower seller and asked her if we could buy a flower.我們到賣花的人身邊，問她我們能不能買朵花。 Let us go over your

18、 an swer aga in. 讓我們?cè)贆z查一下你的答案。 I ve got to go over my notes for tomorrow 我必須復(fù)習(xí)筆記準(zhǔn)備 s exam. 明天的考試。 20. look into 調(diào)查： The police are look ing into the disappeara nee of two childre n. 警方正 在調(diào)查兩個(gè)孩子失蹤的事件。 21. put down 放下： Once I started read ing the mystery no vel, I just could n down. 旦我開始讀那本懸疑小說(shuō)，就再也放不下

19、了。 寫下；記下： Please put dow n your n ame and address here. 請(qǐng)把您的姓名和地址寫在 這兒。 22. run away from The thief heard the no ise and ran away quickly. 小偷聽至 U聲音，匆忙逃 走了。 It s irresp on sible of you to run away from difficulties. 見了困難就躲是 不負(fù)責(zé)的。 23. take in 我們相信他一定會(huì)戰(zhàn)勝疾 吸入；收留： Trees take in carb on dioxide and give o

20、ut oxyge n. 放氧氣。 他無(wú)家可歸，于是我們收留了他。 理解： It was several minu tes before I could take in what he was say ing. 過(guò) 了好幾分鐘，我才理解他說(shuō)的是什么。 欺騙： She took me in completely with her story. 她用一番花言巧語(yǔ)完全把我騙 住了。 24. wear out 穿破；磨損： I ve already worn out two pairs of shoes this year. 今年我已經(jīng)穿破兩雙 鞋了。 （使）疲乏；（使）耗盡；（使）厭倦： These

21、birds are in dan ger of weari ng themselves out by singing too much.這些鳥因過(guò)度鳴叫面臨著累壞自己的危險(xiǎn)。 25. break up （使）破碎： The water was covered with ice, which could sometimes break up without warni ng. 水面上覆蓋著冰，這些冰有時(shí)會(huì)突 然破碎。 （使）（關(guān)系等）破裂： I m surjsied to hear that Sue and Paul have broken up. 聽至U蘇和保羅 分手了我很驚訝。 They d

22、ecided to break up their part nership. 他們決定結(jié)束合作關(guān)系。 樹木吸收二氧化碳釋 He was homeless, so we took him in. 分解；分拆： break the compa ny up into several smaller ones 把公司分拆成幾家小公 司 驅(qū)散；解散： The police came running and broke up the crowd. 警察跑過(guò)來(lái)把人群驅(qū) 散了。 26. bring about 引起；造成： Scie nee has brought about many cha nges in

23、 our lives. 科學(xué)給我們的生 活帶來(lái)了諸多變化。 27. bring up 常用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)撫養(yǎng)；養(yǎng)育；教養(yǎng)： His father died whe n he was young, and he was brought up by his mother.在他年幼時(shí)父親就去世了，他是由母親撫養(yǎng)長(zhǎng)大的。 提出(討論等)： Every time I bring the matter up, he cha nges the subject. 每當(dāng)我提起 這件事，他就會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)移話題。 28. build up He has built (up) his bus in ess over the ye

24、ars. 這些年來(lái)他逐步建立起了自 己的生意。 Outdoor activities are really helpful in build ing up my body and en richi ng my school life. 戶外活動(dòng)確實(shí)對(duì)我增強(qiáng)體質(zhì)和豐富學(xué)校生活有 益。 29. carry out 實(shí)行；執(zhí)行： I had some difficulty in carryi ng out the pla n.實(shí)施這個(gè)計(jì)劃我有些困難。 They just carried out the order as told. 他們只是按命令行事。 30. come across 偶然遇到；碰見

25、： Whe n readi ng articles related to scie nee, we ofte n come across difficult or un familiar words. 讀與科學(xué)相關(guān)的文章時(shí)，我們常常碰到難詞或 生詞。 被理解: He spoke for a long time, but his meaning did not come across. 他講 了很久，但還是沒有把意思講明白。 31. come up with 想出；提出；提供： Our class came up with the idea to make better use of used

26、materials.我們班的同學(xué)提出了這一想法，以更好利用廢舊材料。 They want to buy the house, but they could n t come up with the cash.他們想買房，但是拿不出這筆現(xiàn)金。 32. figure out 弄清楚；弄明白；計(jì)算出： I could n t figure out what I had done to annoy my boss. 我不明白自己 做了什么讓老板生氣。 Have you figured out how much the trip will cost? 旅行要花多少費(fèi)用你 算出來(lái)沒有？ 33. get d

27、ow n to 開始做；開始認(rèn)真對(duì)待： It s time we got dow n to bus in ess. 我們?cè)撻_始干正事了。 34. give away 送掉；分發(fā)（獎(jiǎng)品等）： The Stude nts Union called on us to give away our used books to the stude nts in the lower grades. 學(xué)生會(huì)號(hào)召我們把用過(guò)的書送給低年級(jí)的學(xué) 生。 泄露（秘密）;出賣： I will n ever give your secrets away aga in. 我絕不會(huì)再泄露你的秘密。 His acce nt gi

28、ves him away as a souther ner. 他的口音讓人聽出他是南方 人。 放棄（機(jī)會(huì)等）；輸?shù)簦?Would they give away their cha nee to win the game? 比賽的機(jī)會(huì)嗎？ We gave away two goals in the first half. 上半場(chǎng)我們輸了兩個(gè)球。 35. give up 放棄； 讓： She decided to give up her job and start a coffee bar. 她決定辭去工作， 開一家咖啡館。 He gave up his seat to a preg nant w

29、oma n. 他把座位讓給了一位孕婦。 36. lead to 致使；導(dǎo)致： A lack of con fide nee can lead to a lot of sufferi ng. 缺乏自信會(huì)導(dǎo)致很多 痛苦。 Good habits always lead to high efficie ncy, while bad ones bring the opposite.好習(xí)慣總是會(huì)帶來(lái)高效率，而壞習(xí)慣則相反。 37. leave out 遺漏；不包括： If you study in a systematic way, you won 女如Ifeave anything out. 你用系統(tǒng)

30、的方法來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)，你就不會(huì)遺漏任何東西。 被忽視；覺得被冷落： New fathers ofte n feel left out whe n baby arrives. 有了孩子后，初為人 父者往往有一種被冷落的感覺。 38. live up to 不辜負(fù)；符合；履行： He failed to live up to his pare nts 他辜負(fù)了父母的ctSflons. 39. look up 抬頭看；（在詞典、計(jì)算機(jī)等中）查閱： She looked up from her books as I en tered the room. 我進(jìn)入房間時(shí)， 她從書本上抬起頭來(lái)看了看。 If the

31、re are words you do not un dersta nd, look them up in a 他們會(huì)放棄贏得 dicti on ary. 如果有不懂的單詞就查字典。 40. put away 把收起；放好： Kids will you put away your toys now? 嗎？孩子們，現(xiàn)在把玩具收起來(lái)好 儲(chǔ)存?zhèn)溆? We re putting some money away for expenses. 銷。 41. put forward 把提前；提出： We have put forward the wedd ing by two weeks. 周。 Who pu

32、t forward a theory about black holes? 42. put off 延期；推遲： She called this after noon to put off the meeti ng to n ext week. 她下午 打電話說(shuō)把會(huì)議推遲到下周。 43. put up with 忍受；容忍： I can t put up with their smok ing any Ion ger. 我再也無(wú)法忍受他們抽煙 了。 I can put up with many thi ngs, but not with people who steal. 我能 容忍很多事情，

33、但絕不容忍小偷小摸的人。 44. run out （of） 用完；耗盡： In the future, care for the en vir onment will become very importa nt as earth s n atural resources run ou在未來(lái)，愛護(hù)環(huán)境將會(huì)很重要，因?yàn)?地球的資源將瀕臨枯竭。 45. set aside 留出；把置于一旁： Set aside some time each day to write, even if it is only five min utes.每天留出一點(diǎn)兒時(shí)間來(lái)寫作，哪怕只有 5分鐘。 46. take

34、on 呈現(xiàn)；雇用；接受（工作）；承擔(dān)（責(zé)任）： Shortly after sufferi ng from a large earthquake and being reduced to ruins, the city took on a new look. 在遭受大地震成為廢墟后不久，這座城 市呈現(xiàn)出新面貌。 No more workers are being take n on at prese nt.我們省下一筆錢來(lái)應(yīng)付開 我們把婚禮提前了兩 誰(shuí)提出了黑洞理論？ 眼下不再招收工人 His secretary will have to take on most of his work wh

35、ile he 他 的秘書得在他不在的時(shí)候承擔(dān)他的大部分工作。 47. take over 接收；接管： Would you like me to take over the driv ing for a while? 我替你開會(huì)兒 車怎么樣？ 關(guān)小；調(diào)低（音量等）： Could you please turn dow n your TV a bit? 你可以把電視音量關(guān)小一點(diǎn) 兒?jiǎn)幔?拒絕： How could you turn dow n such a fan tastic job whe n you have bee n out of work for mon ths? 你已經(jīng)好幾個(gè)月沒有

36、工作了，怎么能拒絕這么好的 一份工作 呢？ 48. turn to 轉(zhuǎn)向；求助于： Their talk tur ned to the cha nge that had take n place in the city. 他 們的話題轉(zhuǎn)到了城市發(fā)生的變化。 Please turn to the police for help whe n you are in trouble. 遇到困難時(shí) 請(qǐng)向警察求助。 49. turn up 開大；調(diào)咼（音量等）反： Turn up the radio so that I can hear the program. 把收音機(jī)音量開大 些，好讓我聽到這個(gè)節(jié)目。

37、 （人）到達(dá)；出現(xiàn)： He promised that he would come, but he hasn 他承諾 t turned up yet. 會(huì)來(lái)，但還沒出現(xiàn)。 50. bring on 使提高；使進(jìn)步： More study should bring on your En glish. 引起；導(dǎo)致： Stress can bring on ill ness. 壓力會(huì)弓 I起疾病。 51. call for 需要；要求： Sometimes situations call for us to act strong and brave even when we don t feel that way有時(shí)形勢(shì)要求我們表現(xiàn)得強(qiáng)大、勇敢，即使我們自 己并不覺得是那樣。 去（某處）接人/物： I ll call for you at your home. 我會(huì)到你家接你。 52. call up 打電話給；使人想起： I ll call you up when I need your help. 我需要你幫助的時(shí)候會(huì)給你打電話。 This picture called up memories of our class trip. 這張照片使我想起我 們班的那次旅行。 53. come down to 歸結(jié)為；傳到手里： Their quarrel comes