智慧樹知到《Introduction to Psychology》章節(jié)測試答案

1、第1章 單元測試1、According to Freud, psychological problems arise from conflict between the _ and the _.答案：Super-ego; Id2、According to Freud, what is the part of our psyche that is instinctually driven by our basic needs, wants and desires?答案：Id3、According to Freud, what is the part of the psyche that atte

2、mpts to balance immediate gratification and societal norms?答案：Ego4、What is the best way to describe Freuds approach to psychology?答案：Medical5、According to Freud, what is the part of our psyche that is most interested in maintaining societal norms and decency?答案：Super-ego6、The idea that human behavio

3、r is governed by a physical component and a non physical (i.e., spiritual) component is referred to as _. 答案：dualism7、What does Luigi Galvanis research with applied electrical currents suggest?答案：For completeness, wholeness, and roundness.8、Who is credited with the development of Cartesian Dualism?答

4、案：Rene Descartes9、What philosophical view of human behavior is best supported by the work of Paul Broca?答案：Materialism10、According to materialism, what is the cause of human behaviour?答案：Physical mechanisms11、Determining whether something is true or false by observing it through experimentation is c

5、alled . 答案：該問題答案暫未收錄，請手動搜索。12、What was William James main contribution to the field of Psychology?答案：Generating and publishing ideas about psychological topics13、Who is recognized as being the first psychologist?答案：Wilhelm Wundt14、Introspection is a technique wherein a person reflects upon and repor

6、ts their personal experience. Early scientists criticized this technique because it was _. 答案：Indirect and subjective第2章 單元測試1、What is the branch of psychology called where researchers study how groups work together and people interact with each other?答案：Social Psychology2、Which part of the scientif

7、ic process is observational research best suited for?答案：Generating questions3、If the amount of time a student spent studying was positively correlated with grades achieved, what would we expect to see if someone had low grades?答案：The student did not spend a lot of time studying.4、A positive correlat

8、ion between two variables means that as _.答案：第一年年初5、A scatter plot that shows a trend line that travels down to the right would demonstrate what type of correlation?答案：negative correlation6、What does SR stand for in behavioral psychology?答案：Stimulus Response7、What did the Little Albert Experiment te

9、ll us about the relation between stimuli and responses?答案：Responses to stimuli can be conditioned8、Why does cognitive psychology consider the computer to be good analogy of the human brain?答案：It processes input and generates output.9、What practice makes psychology a science rather than just a collec

10、tion of ideas and arguments?答案：Experimentation第3章 單元測試1、A t-test is a ratio of _ to _. 答案：錯2、A t-test is an example of _ statistics.答案：between-group differences; within-group differences3、The upper curves of the brain are called , while the deep grooves are called _. 答案：該問題答案暫未收錄，請手動搜索。4、What is the

11、 order of neuron structures from receiving information, processing information and sending information?答案：synaptic cleft, cell body, dendrites5、Why does the surface of the brain contain folds?答案：They allow for more brain tissue to fit in the skull6、Constricting pupils, stimulated digestive and saliv

12、ation activity and constricting lungs are due to the activation of the _ system.答案：parasympathetic7、The peripheral nervous system links the brain to the _.答案：body8、Why is the brainstem considered to be a reptilian system?答案：It is a primitive brain structure9、Damage to which structure of the brain wo

13、uld result in deficits in motor learning and the production of uncoordinated movements?答案：Cerebellum第4章 單元測試1、What impairment would you expect to see in an individual with damage to their primary visual cortex?答案：Black spots in their field of vision2、What is the process called in which the brain org

14、anizes and interprets visual information?答案：Perception3、Seeing a small, red, shiny object is known as _, whereas knowing this object is an apple is known as _.答案：sensation; perception4、An individual who is unable to understand speech would most likely have damage to which area in the temporal lobe?答

15、案：Wernickes5、What is the primary role of the temporal lobe?答案：Auditory processing6、What is the term that refers to knowledge of where a persons body parts are located in space?答案：Proprioception7、Why is more cortical tissue in the somatosensory cortex devoted to the lips than to the elbows?答案：Lips re

16、quire more sensory input8、What is the term used to describe the inability to switch strategies following damage to the frontal lobes?答案：Perseveration errors9、What is the primary role of the frontal lobes?答案：Complex cognitive functions第5章 單元測試1、Severing what brain structure results in split brain syn

17、drome?答案：Corpus callosum2、Cones are more common at the _ of the eye whereas rods are more common in the _.答案：C3、Understanding how visual elements group together was a major focus of those studying _ psychology.答案：gestalt4、When we look at some visual scene, what we tend to consciously see _. 答案：6A5、W

18、hat is the raw input of information or signals from the environment called?答案：Sensation6、What cells in the eye are responsible for edge detection?答案：Bipolar7、What photoreceptors of the eyes react to lots of light or color?答案：Cones8、We are able to sense _.答案：all of the energy coming at us from the wo

19、rld第6章 單元測試1、At what age do children begin to develop a Theory of Mind?答案：3-5yrs2、What is the capacity to evaluate ourselves and our actions from the perspective of another person called?答案：Theory of Mind3、If genetics is playing a strong role in the production of a behaviour, then we would expect id

20、entical twins to have _ concordance on measures of that behaviour.答案：該問題答案暫未收錄，請手動搜索。4、What is the evolutionary process wherein beneficial traits that promote survival are passed down from parent to child called?答案：Natural Selection5、According to behaviourists, the grasping reflex in human babies an

21、d the imprinting behaviours in baby ducks are both examples of _ behaviours.答案：該問題答案暫未收錄，請手動搜索。6、What is the inhibition of inappropriate natural responses to a stimulus after repeated exposures called?答案：Habituation7、If, after doing many conditioning trials, a researcher presents the conditioned sti

22、mulus but DOES NOT follow it with the unconditioned stimulus, the research is likely examining _. 答案：extinction8、The grasping, stepping and crawling reflexes all illustrate that some behaviours _.答案：do not have to be learned第7章 單元測試1、Through observational learning children will often _ the negative

23、behaviours they see around them.答案：該問題答案暫未收錄，請手動搜索。2、Albert Banduras research on observational learning in children showed that when a child sees another child hit a Bobo doll, he or she was more likely to _ the doll.答案：該問題答案暫未收錄，請手動搜索。3、What is the component of working memory that is used to solve

24、problems?答案：Central Executive4、What memory system is most closely related to our conscious experience of the world?答案：Working Memory5、Existing memories can be used as _ cues to help you remember new information.答案：D. All of the above6、In terms of memory, what is primary the problem with using eye-wi

25、tness testimony as evidence in legal cases?答案：Memories are affected by the way questions are asked7、When some bit of information is encountered across repeated but different contexts, that information ultimately resides in . 答案：single 、 complex 、 occupied 、 lengths 、 bought 、 child 、 adults 、 access

26、 、 blocks 、 slightly8、”Memory” should best be thought of as a _. 答案：Plural verb第8章 單元測試1、Learning a new skill, such as tying a shoe lace, is an example of what type of memory?答案：Procedural2、What is the term for a person who pretends to be a participant in an experiment, but is actually working with

27、the experimenters?答案：Confederate3、What did the “Milgram” experiment, in which participants were asked to inflict electrical shocks on other participants, tell us about the influence authority can have on the average person?答案：Most people will conform to authority even when asked to perform immoral o

28、r unethical behaviors4、A person who claims that a negative personal event is the result of their situation or other peoples behavior is demonstrating a(n) _ locus of control.答案：lower5、What hypothesis asserts that good things happens to good people and bad things happen to bad people?答案：Just World6、A

29、sh provided several experiments showing that people will agree with others even when they know those others are wrong. This sort of behaviour is called . 答案：conformity7、One of the negatives of the human tendency to conform is that _. 答案：it can make people not think about the rational basis of certai

30、n behaviours8、Participants in Milgrams experiments on authority believed they were _.答案：How do you do, Ms.Herman? Very glad to see you.第9章 單元測試1、On average, a man will perceive women as more attractive when theirs waists are _ tenths the size of their hips.答案：seven2、On average, a person will find an

31、other person more attractive if the other person has _ pupils.答案：larger3、A major recent conceptual shift between the DSM-IV and the DSM-V is that the diagnosis of mental disorders is now regarded more as a _ and less of a _.答案：continuum; classification4、When talking about mental disorders, what is t

32、he primary caution that Steve has repeatedly made?答案：Learning about mental disorders makes you see them everywhere5、What is multiple personality disorder now called?答案：Dissociative Identity Disorder6、A person with a mental disorder that causes them to constantly think that there shoe lace is coming

33、untied, and therefore continually bends down to check their shoe laces likely has what disorder?答案：Obsessive Compulsive Disorder7、What has a person experienced if he or she cant remember anything about their life and, thus, starts an entirely new life only to have the original memories return severa

34、l years later?答案：The EU has banned all imports of animal products from the Netherlands.8、What class of mental disorders are pregnant women particularly susceptible to?答案：Emotional9、What mental disorder is characterized by extreme emotional highs followed by extreme emotional lows?答案：Bipolar Disorder

35、第10章 單元測試1、What type of schizophrenia causes the person to become rigid and unable to move?答案：Catatonic2、In schizophrenia, what is the term for the symptoms, such as auditory hallucinations, that cause the addition of non-existent information to a persons perception of the world?答案：Positive3、What is

36、 the common term for the most extreme version of a person with anti-social personality disorder?答案：Psychopathy4、Freuds practice of psychoanalysis is an example of what type of therapy?答案：該問題答案暫未收錄，請手動搜索。5、What type of psychological therapy does not direct the patient, but instead provides help and s

37、upport to the patient, with the goal of letting the patient help themselves?答案：Humanistic6、What type of therapy would most likely be used for a person trying to overcome a fear of heights?答案：Systematic Desensitization7、Theory of mind refers to the ability to know what someone else is:答案：Thinking8、Cl

38、ient-centered therapy is one example of a(n) _ therapy.答案：humanist第一章1、According to Freud, psychological problems arise from conflict between the _ and the _.A:Id; EgoB:Super-ego; EgoC:Super-ego; IdD:Conscious; Subconscious正確答案：Super-ego; Id2、According to Freud, what is the part of our psyche that i

39、s instinctually driven by our basic needs, wants and desires?A:IdB:Super-egoC:EgoD:Conscience正確答案：Id3、According to Freud, what is the part of the psyche that attempts to balance immediate gratification and societal norms?A:Super-egoB:EgoC:IdD:Preconscious正確答案：Ego4、What is the best way to describe Fr

40、euds approach to psychology?A:MedicalB:ScientificC:EmpiricalD:Epistemological正確答案：Medical5、According to Freud, what is the part of our psyche that is most interested in maintaining societal norms and decency?A:IdB:EgoC:Super-egoD:Personality正確答案：Super-ego6、The idea that human behavior is governed by

41、 a physical component and a non physical (i.e., spiritual) component is referred to as _.A:dualismB:materialismC:empiricismD:rationalism正確答案：dualism7、What does Luigi Galvanis research with applied electrical currents suggest?A:Human behaviour is a combination of mechanical and spiritual components.B

42、:Human behaviour is caused by electrochemical processes.C:The brain is divided into areas for specific tasks.D:The brain is not divided into areas for specific tasks.正確答案：Human behaviour is caused by electrochemical processes.8、Who is credited with the development of Cartesian Dualism?A:John LockeB:

43、James MillsC:Luigi GalvaniD:Rene Descartes正確答案：Rene Descartes9、What philosophical view of human behavior is best supported by the work of Paul Broca?A:MaterialismB:DualismC:EmpiricismD:Existentialism正確答案：Materialism10、According to materialism, what is the cause of human behaviour?A:Spiritual inducti

44、onB:Physical mechanismsC:Internal motivationsD:Emotional states正確答案：Physical mechanisms11、Determining whether something is true or false by observing it through experimentation is called _.A:naturalismB:philosophyC:inferenceD:empiricism正確答案：empiricism12、What was William James main contribution to th

45、e field of Psychology?A:Conducting the first laboratory based research experimentsB:Generating and publishing ideas about psychological topicsC:Measuring the speed of neural transmission rateD:Training observers how to perform introspection正確答案：Generating and publishing ideas about psychological top

46、ics13、Who is recognized as being the first psychologist?A:Ernst WeberB:Sigmund FreudC:Wilhelm WundtD:Hermann Von Helmholtz正確答案：Wilhelm Wundt14、Introspection is a technique wherein a person reflects upon and reports their personal experience. Early scientists criticized this technique because it was

47、_.A:Indirect and objectiveB:Direct and subjectiveC:Direct and objectiveD:Indirect and subjective正確答案：Indirect and subjective第二章1、What is the branch of psychology called where researchers study how groups work together and people interact with each other?A:Individual PsychologyB:Social PsychologyC:Hu

48、manistic PsychologyD:Cross-cultural Psychology正確答案：Social Psychology2、Which part of the scientific process is observational research best suited for?A:Generating answersB:Generating questionsC:Establishing theoriesD:Refuting theories正確答案：Generating questions3、If the amount of time a student spent st

49、udying was positively correlated with grades achieved, what would we expect to see if someone had low grades?A:The student did not spend a lot of time studyingB:The student spent a lot of time studyingC:A strong negative correlationD:There is not enough information to determine correlation正確答案：The s

50、tudent did not spend a lot of time studying4、A positive correlation between two variables means that as _.A:one variable increases, the other variable increasesB:one variable increases, the other variable decreasesC:one variable decreases, the other variable stays the sameD:one variable decreases, t

51、he other variable increases正確答案：one variable increases, the other variable increases5、A scatter plot that shows a trend line that travels down to the right would demonstrate what type of correlation?A:negative correlationB:positive correlationC:weak correlationD:no correlation正確答案：negative correlati

52、on6、What does SR stand for in behavioral psychology?A:Stimulus ResponseB:Secondary ReactionC:Selective ResponseD:Stimulation Reaction正確答案：Stimulus Response7、What did the Little Albert Experiment tell us about the relation between stimuli and responses?A:Responses to stimuli cannot be conditionedB:Re

53、sponses to stimuli can be conditionedC:Conditioned responses can be eliminatedD:Conditioned responses cannot be eliminated正確答案：Responses to stimuli can be conditioned8、Why does cognitive psychology consider the computer to be good analogy of the human brain?A:It records information as binary codeB:I

54、t stores vast quantities of informationC:Its operations cannot be seenD:It processes input and generates output正確答案：It processes input and generates output9、What practice makes psychology a science rather than just a collection of ideas and arguments?A:Formal debatesB:Publishing journal articlesC:ExperimentationD:Public funding正確答案：Experimentation第三章1、A t-test is a ratio of _ to _.A:expected values; observed valuesB:be