程序設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)告圖書館管理系統(tǒng)

1、程序設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)告（2014 / 2015 學(xué)年第1 學(xué)期）題 目：南郵圖書館管理系統(tǒng)專業(yè)組長(zhǎng)學(xué)號(hào)姓名組員學(xué)號(hào)姓名教師單位期成員分工) 長(zhǎng) 組7 員 組z(x 員 組評(píng)分紙<項(xiàng) 評(píng)秀 優(yōu)好 良等 中差度 態(tài) 習(xí) 學(xué)簡(jiǎn)短評(píng)語日月 各年備注評(píng)分等級(jí)共五種：優(yōu)秀、良好、中等、及格、不及格題目：南郵圖書管理系統(tǒng)一、課題內(nèi)容和要求該系統(tǒng)要求建立一個(gè)南郵圖書館管理系統(tǒng)，并具有排序、查找、計(jì)算、顯示等功能。通過 此課題，熟練掌握文件、數(shù)組、指針的各種操作，以及一些算法思想的應(yīng)用。（1）圖書的信息應(yīng)包括：索引號(hào)，名稱，館藏地址（三牌樓、仙林）、類別（人文、科技、外語等），數(shù)量，價(jià)格，入庫口期，歸還口期，借閱次

2、數(shù)，借閱狀態(tài)（可借、不可借）。（2）需要實(shí)現(xiàn)的功能1）對(duì)己圖書信息進(jìn)行更新操作，包括添加和刪除一種書的信息、修改圖書信息（例 如圖書被借閱，書的數(shù)目減1,借閱次數(shù)加1,如果數(shù)量為0則狀態(tài)為不可借）；2）通過按圖書的名稱查詢圖書信息；3）顯示所有即將到期的圖書（歸還口期在三天z內(nèi)）；4）按借閱次數(shù)對(duì)所有圖書進(jìn)行排序；5）將圖書的所有相關(guān)信息內(nèi)容存為文件。（3）界面友好，輸入信息符合邏輯。二、需求分析在整個(gè)系統(tǒng)中一共主要有三個(gè)部分：圖書借閱、圖書管理和圖書搜索。其中圖書借閱包含借出時(shí)間、歸還時(shí)間、是否歸還（1）可根據(jù)id賬號(hào)找到某本書的索引值，從而獲取圖書信息，進(jìn)行借閱，系統(tǒng)將自動(dòng)添 加可借閱時(shí)間

3、，并將信息記錄（2）可分頁顯示借書記錄，借閱信息（3）分頁顯示即將到期的圖書圖書管理部分包含圖書列表，添加書，刪除圖書信息（1）將所有圖書進(jìn)行排序，入庫，并記錄圖書信息(2) 添加一本書，刪除圖書信息(可刪除一本或者刪除全部索引值為一個(gè)的全部圖書信 息)(3) 修改圖書信息，可根據(jù)索引值找到圖書并進(jìn)行修改(4) 分頁顯示所有圖書列表搜索圖書(1) 可用索引值搜索書本信息，以以及圖書在數(shù)組中的位置(2) 也可根據(jù)圖書名搜索圖書所在數(shù)組位置，返冋?qǐng)D書信息三、概要設(shè)計(jì)1)主要結(jié)構(gòu)體：在library這整個(gè)類屮，由mainscreen()這個(gè)函數(shù)進(jìn)入birowbook()、 bookmager()&g

4、t; searchbook()這三個(gè)函數(shù)分別提供借書、管理圖書、搜索圖書三種功能 在借書功能包含借書與還書，而管理圖書中則包含添加、刪除、修改、查看等功能。而在本程序中每一本書都賦予了對(duì)應(yīng)的id和索引值，而id是唯一的，當(dāng)添加成功時(shí), 系統(tǒng)會(huì)自動(dòng)添加入庫時(shí)間，每個(gè)singlebook結(jié)構(gòu)體都用來存儲(chǔ)圖書的基本信息以及相應(yīng)的 入庫時(shí)間，而borrowtable則存儲(chǔ)圖書借閱的信息。booklist則用來存儲(chǔ)所有圖書的信息。 而圖書的存儲(chǔ)信息頁按照要求存儲(chǔ)在相應(yīng)的文件dat中。2)主要函數(shù)流程圖:借閱歸還圖1程序流程圖借閱圖書歸述圖書歸還圖書輸入td :添加圖書刪除圖書修改圖書四、源程序代碼# i

5、nclude <iostream>#include <vector>include vctime>（把日期和時(shí)間轉(zhuǎn)換成字符串該類的對(duì)象表示的時(shí)間是基于格林威治標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時(shí)間的）#include <cstdlib>/ （常用的函數(shù)庫）#include <fstream># include <sstream>#include<algorithm>/ （演算法，提供了大量基于迭代器的非成員模板函數(shù)）using namespace std;int min(int b)if(a<b)return a;struct

6、data_booklist int string類對(duì)象)id;suoyin;return b;書本id書本索引（string類是字符串，不可任意改變，需要返冋一個(gè)新的stringstringname;書本名稱intaddress;書本地址stringbookclass;書木類別intcount;數(shù)目intprice;價(jià)格boolborrowable;是否允許intborrowedcount;/借閱次數(shù)； int cmpborrowedcount(data_booklist a,data_booklist b);int cmpld(data_booklist a,data_booklist b)

7、;/ (給排序函數(shù) sort 提供比較大小的方法)class booklistprivate:vector<data_booklist> data;intallbooks;public:booklisto;booklist。；int searchbookposwithsy(string sy);根據(jù)索引查找書在數(shù)組中的位置 data_booklist booklnfo(string sy);根據(jù)索引查找書本信息void addnewbook(data_booklist t); 添加新書void removeahbook(string sy);刪除所有索引為 sy 的書int sea

8、rchbookposwithname(string name);根據(jù)圖書名搜索書在數(shù)組中的位置 data_booklist searchbookwithname(string name);/根據(jù)圖書名返冋書的信息 void updatebookinfo(string sy,data_booklist t);更改索引為 sy 的圖書信息int borrowbook(string sy);/借書時(shí)對(duì)表的修改，返回0表示借閱成功，1數(shù)量不足，2禁止借閱 int givebackbook(string sy);還書時(shí)對(duì)表的修改void sortbooks(int option);w圖書排序 0二按借閱

9、次數(shù) 1 二按 idvoid save();/保存void removeonebook(string sy);刪除一本索引為 sy 的書void showbooks(int page);/分頁顯示書本信息;int cmpborrowedcount(data_booklist a,data_booklist b)if (a.borrowedcount>b.borrowedcount)return 1;retum 0;int cmpid(data_booklist a,data_booklist b)訐(a.id>b.id)return 0;return 1;booklist:book

10、list()ifstream booklistfile(mbooklist.dath);/嘗試從文件加載數(shù)據(jù) if(booklistfile)booklistfile»allbooks;for (int i = 0; i < allbooks; +i)data_booklist p; booklistfile»p.id; booklistfile»p.suoyin; booklistfile»p.name; booklistfile»p. address; booklistfile»p.bookclass; booklistfi

11、le»p.c ount; booklistfile»p.price; booklistfile»p.borrow able; booklistfiie»p.borrowedcount; data.push_back(p);booklistfile.close();elseallbooks = 0;int booklist:searchbookposwithsy(string sy)for (int i = 0;i < allbooks; +i)if (datai.suoyin=sy)return i;return -1;data_booklist

12、booklist:bookinfo(string sy)return datasearchbookposwithsy(sy)j;void booklist: :addnewbook(data_booklist t)int pos = searchbookposwithsy(t.suoyin);if (pos=-l)/ (-1是沒找到，pos是記錄的意思)t.id=allbooks;data.push_back(t);allbooks+;elsedatapos.count += 1;void booklist:removeallbook(string sy)int pos = searchboo

13、kposwithsy(sy);data.erase(data.begin()+pos);/(erase 為刪除數(shù)據(jù)，begin 是 date 的開始) allbooks;int booklist:searchbookposwithname(string name)for (int i = 0; i < tillbooks; +i)if (datai.name=name) return i;return 1;data_booklist booklist:searchbookwithname(string name) int p = searchbookposwithname(name);i

14、f(p >= 0)return datafp;elsedata_booklist t;t.count = 0;t.name = name;return t;void booklist:updatebooklnfo(string sy,data_booklist t) int p = searchbookposwithsy(sy);訐(p>=0)datap = t;int booklist:borrowbook(string sy)int p = searchbookposwithsy(sy);if (p<0|datapj.count=0) return 1;if (datap

15、.borrow able) datap.count; datalp borrowedc oun t+;return 0;elsereturn 2;int booklist:givebackbook(string sy) int p = searchbookposwithsy(sy); if(p>=0)datap.count+; return 0;return 1;void booklist:sortbooks(int option)if (option=0) sort(data.begin()5data.begin()+allbooks,cmpboirowedcount);/(sort

16、是排序函數(shù))elsesort(data.begin(),data.begin()+allbooks,cmpid);void booklist:save()ofstream booklislfile("booklist.dat");/ (這是一個(gè)booklist的文件所以輸岀時(shí)也要與文件相關(guān)用booklistfile)booklistfile«allbooks«endl;for (int i = 0; i < allbooks; +i)booklistfile«datai.id«endl;booklistfile«dat

17、ai.suoyin«endl;booklistfiie«datai.name«endl;booklistfile«datai.address«endl; booklistfile«datai.bookclass«endl;booklistfile«datai.count«endl;booklistfile«datai.price«endl;booklistfile«datai.borrow able«endl;booklistfile«datai.borr

18、owedcount«endl;booklistfile.close();void booklist:removeonebook(string sy)int pos = searchbookposwithsy(sy);if (pos>-l)/(pos是便是記錄的位置1表示沒找到)if (datapos-count>0) datapos.count-;訐(page<0)return ;int perpage = 15;cout«nno.t索引t書名t地址t類別t數(shù)目t價(jià)格t可供借閱t借閱次數(shù)m«endl;訐(page*perpage-al 1 boo

19、ks<perpage) for (int i=(page-1 )*perpage;i<min(page-1 )*perpage+perpage,allbooks);i+)/ (page 是要顯示的數(shù)目perpage是每頁的顯示數(shù)目）cout«datai.id«mt,«datai>suoyin«ht,«datai.name«,th;/ (page*perpage 是表示第某頁的起始）if (datai. address=0) cout«h 三牌樓t“;else cout«"仙林t"

20、;cout«dataij.bookclass«mt',«datai.count«"t',«datai.price«,'tn; if (datai.borrowable)cout«nyesn;elsecout«mnoh;cout«,ttm«datai.borrowedcount«endl;struct data_singlebook/ (struct 是各種數(shù)據(jù)的結(jié)構(gòu)體)int id;string suoyin;time_t ruku;class sin

21、glebook private:vector<data_singlebook> data;/ (vector 可以實(shí)現(xiàn)變成長(zhǎng)的數(shù)組) int allbooks;public:singlebook();singlebook();void addbook(int id,string sy,time_t t);添加單本書void removebook(int id);/根據(jù) id 刪除一本書void removeahbook(string sy);根據(jù)索引刪除所有書void save();/保存string getsuoyin(int id);/獲取指定id的圖書的索引void show

22、books(int page);/分員顯示圖書 ；singlebook:singlebook()ifstream singlebookfile('singlebook.dat");/嘗試從文件加載 訐(singlebookfile)singlebookfile»allbooks;for (int i=0;i<=allbooks;i+) data_singlebook p; singlebookfile»p.id; singlebookfile»p.suoyin; singlebookfile»p.ruku; data.push_b

23、ack(p);singlebookfile.close();)elseallbooks = 0;void singlebook:addbook(int id,string sy,time_t t)cout«sy«endl; data_singlebook p;p.id = id;p.suoyin = sy;p.ruku = t;data.push_back(p); allbooks+;void singlebook:removebook(int id)int p;for (int i=0;i<allbooks;i+) if(datai.id=id)p = i；data

24、.erase(data.begin()+p);break;allbooks;void singlebook:removeahbook(string sy)intp;for (int i=o;i<data.size();i+) if (datafi.suoyin=sy)data.erase(data.begin()+i);i-；allbooks = data.size();void singlebook:save()ofstream singlebookfile(irsinglebook.dath);/ (單本書的文件) singlebookfile«allbooks«

25、endl;for (int i=0;i<allbooks;i+) singlebookfile«datai.id«endl; singlebookfile«datai.suoyin«endl; singlebookfile«datai.ruku«endl;singlebookfile.close();string singlebook:getsuoyin(int id)for (int i = 0; i < allbooks; +i)if(datai.id=id)return datai.suoyin;return mno

26、 such book”；void singlebook:showbooks(int page)system(cls”)；cout«nidt 索引t 入庫n”;int perpage = 15;for (int i=(page-1 )*perpage;i<min(page-1 )*perpage+perpage,allbooks);i+) cout«datai.id«"t"«datai.suoyin«"tu;tm* t = localtime(&datai.ruku);int y = t->tm_

27、year-100;int m = t->tm_mon+l;int d = t->tm_mday;stringstream ss;ss«t->tm_year-l 00«h-h«t->tm_mon+1 «,-h«t->tm_mday;string sruku = ss.str();cout«sruku«endl;struct data_borrowtableint id;date;/借出時(shí)間time_t guihuan;/歸還時(shí)間bool giveback;/是否歸還；class borrowtab

28、le)private:vector<data_borrowtable> data;int records;int allowdays;public:borrowtable();void save();/保存void borrov(int id);根據(jù)id借書，系統(tǒng)自動(dòng)添加時(shí)間void giveback(int id);/還書，系統(tǒng)口動(dòng)添加時(shí)間void showemergencybooks(booklist &b,singlebook &s);顯示即將到期的書，從 b 和 s 屮獲 取圖書信息void showtable(int page,booklist &

29、b,singlebook &s);分頁顯示借書記錄 string getname(int id,booklist &b,singlebook &s);獲取指定 id 的圖書名 string getsy(int id,singlebook &s);獲取指定圖書的索引void setallowdays(int d);/設(shè)置允許借閱天數(shù)int getaiiowdays();borrowtable:borrowtabl 玖)ifstream borrowtablefile("borrowtable.dat");/嘗試從文件加載數(shù)據(jù) if(borrow

30、tablefile)borrowtablefile»records; borrowtablefile»allowdays;for (int i=0;i<records;i+)data_borrowtable p; borrowtablefile»p.id; borrowtablefile»p.date;boitowtablefile»p.giveback; boitowtablefile»p.guihuan;data.push_back(p);boitowtablefile.closeo;)elserecords = 0; al

31、lowdays = 30;void borrowtable:save()ofstream borrowtablefile(hborrowtable.dath); if (borrowtablefile) bonowtablefile«records«endl; borrowtablefile«allowdays«endl;for (int i=0;i<records;i+) borrowtablefile«datai.id«endl; borrowtablefile«dataij.date«endl; bor

32、rowtablefile«datai.giveback«endl; boitowtablefile«datai.guihuan«endl;borrowtablefile.close();void borrowtable:borrow(int id) data_borrowtable p;p.giveback = false;p.id = id;p.date = time(null); data.push_back(p); records+;void borrowtable:giveback(int id) for (int i=0;i<record

33、s;i+)if (datai.id=id && datai.giveback=false) datafij.giveback = true;datai.guihuan = time(null);return ;void borrowtable:showemergencybooks(booklist &b,singlebook &s)system(nclsn);time_t now = time(null);coutvv“即將到期圖書：h«endl; cout«nidth«h 書名 tm«u 日期 tn«endl;

34、 for (int i=0;i<records;i+)if (now-datai.date>3600*24*(allowdays -3)tm* t = localtime(&datail.date); int y = t->tm_year-100;int m = t->tm_mon+1;int d = t->tm_mday; string givedback;if (datafi.giveback) givedback = "yes")elsegivedback = "no"cout«datai.id

35、71;ht,«b.bookinfo(s.getsuoyin(datai.id).name«nth«y«n-m«m«h-u«d«mtm«give dback«endl;void borrowtable:showtable(int page.booklist &b,singlebook &s) system(hclsn);cout«,idt,«m書名t,«u h 期t 歸還t,«endl;int perpage = 15;if (page*pe

36、rpage - records<perpage) for (int i=(page-1 )*perpage;i<min(page-1 )*perpage+perpage,records);i+)tm* t = localtime(&datai.date);int y = t->tm_year-100;int m = t->tm_mon+1;int d = t->tm_mday;string givedback;if (datai.giveback)tm* q = localtime(&datail.guihuan); stringstream ss

37、;ss«q->tm_year-100«h-m«q->tm_mon+l«h-h«q->tm_mday; givedback = ss.str();elsegivedback = "no"cout«dataij.id«ntn«b.bookinfo(s.getsuoyin(datai.id).name«utn«y«u-m«m«m-n«d«mtn«givedbackaaendl;一一sh.ng borrow

38、tablexgqnaman 二 d.booklist qfsinglebook <&s) 一for (imli-o 八arecords;i+)(if(datasidu".d)-datalbooklist h b.booklnfo(s.gersuoyin(daa.id)rrsum t.name-一return -not founct;一sh.ng borrowtable:g2s y(int iqsinglebook <&s)return s.geisuoyin(id)-一void borrowtablexsea=owdays(irn d)a一-owdays

39、n d;一ini borrowtablexgea=owdays()(return alowdays 一一class library-priva®booklist booldis迄singlebook singcrbookw-tsss函士a、亦 borrowtable bon-omabcrw 更士涼siru漁 public-void mainscroeno;二&黒俳« void boirowbookoweh void bookmanaageoy/ffldtwffl void searchbook()y/匝士邁洲t7 void libraryxmainscreen()i

40、nt option; dosystem(hclsh);cout«m1.管理借閱cout«,r2.管理書m«endl;cout«h3.搜索書h«endl;cout«h4.退出m«endl;cout«h"«endl;cout«h"«endl;cout«""«endl;cout«h請(qǐng)選擇n«endl;cout«hh«endl;cout«h"«endl;cout&#

41、171;h"«endl;cin> >option;switch(option)case 1:borrowbook();break;case 2:bookmanaage();break;case 3:searchbook();break;case 4:break; default:cout«"請(qǐng)?jiān)?1-3 間選擇n«endl;while (option! =4);void li brary:borrowbook()int option;int page = 1;dosystem(hclsn);cout«n 允許借閱天數(shù):n&

42、#171;borrowtable.getallowdays()«,tto:修改 n”;borrowtable.showtable(page,booklist,singlebook);cout«nl:下一頁2:上一頁3:借4:還5:即將到期6退出”vvendl; cin> >option;switch(option)case 0:int allowdays;coutvv"輸入新的天數(shù)(>3):"docin»allowdays; while(allowdays<=3);borrowtable.setallowdays(ano

43、wdays);cout«"修改完成n”；system(hpauseh);case 1:page += 1 ；borrowtable.showtable(page,booklist,singlebook);cout«h 1:下一頁2:上一頁3:借4:還5:即將到期6.退出h«endl; break;case 2:if (page>l)page += 1 ；borrowtable.showtable(page,booklist,singlebook);cout«" 1:下一頁2:上一頁3:借4:還5:即將到期6.退出"vv

44、endl;elsecout«"不合法的輸入n ” ；break;case 3:system("cls',);cout«h書本 id:”;int id;cin»id;string sy = singlebook.getsuoyin(id);if (sy="no such book")cout«h沒有此書!n”;system(npausen);break;int con firm; cout«booklist.bookinfo(singlebook.getsuoyin(id).name«en

45、dl; cout«h是這本書嗎？ 1:是2:否n”；cin»confirm;if(confirm!=l)break;int borrowstate = booklist.borrowbook(sy);if (borrowstate!=0)switch(borrowstate) case 2:cout«"禁止借閱!n"break;case 1:cout«"沒有此書!n*'break;break;borrowtable.borrow(id);cout«"借書成功!n”;case 4: cout

46、1;n輸入書的id:”；int id;cin»id;int givebackresult = booklist.givebackbook(singlebook.getsuoyin(id); 訐(givebackresult!=o)cout«h還書吋11!現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤! n”;break;boitowtable.giveback(id);cout«n還書成功!n"break;case 5:bonowlable.showemergencybooks(booklist,singlebook);break;default:break;system(npauseh);w

47、hile(option<6);borrowtable.save();void library: :bookmanaage()int option;dosystem(,clsu);cout«h1.添加書"«endl;cout«h2.刪除書m«endl;cout«n3.修改書的信息h«endl;cout«n4 查看書的信息h«endl;cout«h5.査看每本書的信息u«endl;cout«h6.退出h«endl;cout«m請(qǐng)選擇n«endl

48、;cin.clear(); cin.sync(); cin»option; switch(option)case 1:system(hclsh);cout«h輸入書的索引:”；string sy;cin»sy;cout«h書的 id:”;int id;cin»id;if (booklist.searchbookposwiths y(sy)=-1) data_booklist t;t.suoyin = sy;cout«h輸入名稱:“；cin»t.name;cout«k地址0:三牌樓1:仙林cin»t.add

49、ress;cin.clear();cin.sync();cout«"書的分類:"；cin»t.bookclass;cin.clear();cin.sync();t.count = 1;coutvv”書的價(jià)格:"；cin> >tprice;t.borrowedcount = 0;cout«h此書可供借閱嗎? 0:yes l:no :”;int ans;cin»a ns;if(ans=0)t.borrowable = true;elset.borrowable = false;booklist.addnewbook(

50、t);elsecout«"書名:"«booklist.bookinfo(sy).name«n 對(duì)嗎？ 0:yes l:no :" int ans;cin»ans;if(ans=0)data_booklist t;t.suoyin = sy;booklist.addnewbook(t);elsebreak;cout«"請(qǐng)重新輸入n”;singlebook.addbook(id,syjime(null); cout«h書本添加完成!n”；break;case 2:system(nclsn);cout

51、«n0:刪除一本書"«endl;cout«h1:刪除同一索引的全部書h«endl;cout«"請(qǐng)選擇 h«endl;int option;cin»option;switch(option)case 0:system(flclsh);cout«h書的 id:”；int id;cin»id;string sy = singlebook.getsuoyin(id); singlebook.removebook(id); booklist.removeonebook(sy);break;)ca

52、se 1:system(nclsh);cout«"書的索引:"；string sy;cin»sy;singlebook.removeahbook(sy); booklist.removeallbook(sy);break;break;case 3:system(mclsn);cout«h書的索引:“；string sy;cin»sy;if (booklist.searchbookposwithsy(sy)!=-1) int option;dosystem(nclsn);data_booklist t = booklis匸booklnf

53、o(sy);cout«h 索引:n«t.suoyin«endl;cout«h0:名稱:m«t.name«endl;string add = t.address=o?"三牌樓":"仙林" cout«" 1: 地址:m«add«endl;cout«"2:類別:m«t.bookclass«endl;cout«h3: 計(jì)數(shù):m«t.count«endl;cout«"4:價(jià)格:

54、"«t.price«endl;cout«"5:可供借閱:"«t.borrowable«endl;cout«"6:借閱此書:m«t.borrowedcount«endl; cout«n7: 退岀” vvendl;cout«hselect oneh«endl;cin»option;switch(option)case 0:coutvv”輸入新名稱:"cin»t.name;break;case 1:cout«h新

55、地址0:三牌樓1:仙林:”; docin»t.address; while(!(t.address=o|t.address=l); break;case 2:cout«n新分類:”;cin»t.bookclass;break;case 3:cout«h新數(shù)目:”;cin»t.count;break;case 4:cout«m新價(jià)格:"；cin»t.price;break;case 5:cout«h可供借閱 0:yesl:no:”；int answer;cin»answer;if (ansver=o)t.borrowable = true;elseif (answer=l) t.borrowable = false;1break;case 6:cout«n新的借閱次數(shù):“；cin»t.borrowedcount;break; booklist.updatebookinfo(sy,t); cout«n修改成功n”；while(option!=7);