大連理工大學(xué)船舶阻力與推進(jìn)課程設(shè)計(jì)

1、船舶阻力與推進(jìn)課程設(shè)計(jì)2015年7月21日目錄一、設(shè)計(jì)要求及船體主要參數(shù)- 2 -1.1 設(shè)計(jì)要求：- 2 -1.2 船體主參數(shù)：- 2 -二、船舶阻力估算及有效馬力預(yù)報(bào)- 3 -2.1 有效馬力預(yù)報(bào)- 3 -2.2 阻力估算- 4 -三、螺旋槳圖譜初步設(shè)計(jì)- 5 -3.1 初步設(shè)計(jì)確定最佳轉(zhuǎn)速- 5 -3.2 主機(jī)功率的確定- 6 -四、螺旋槳圖譜終結(jié)設(shè)計(jì)- 7 -4.1 推進(jìn)因子的決定（泰勒公式單螺旋槳船）- 7 -4.2 可達(dá)到最大航速的計(jì)算- 7 -4.3 空泡校核- 10 -4.4 強(qiáng)度校核- 12 -4.5 螺距修正- 13 -4.6 重量及慣性矩計(jì)算- 14 -4.7 敞水性征曲

2、線確定- 15 -4.8 系柱特性計(jì)算- 15 -4.9 航行特性計(jì)算- 16 -4.10 螺旋槳計(jì)算總結(jié)- 18 -五、參考資料- 18 -六、課程設(shè)計(jì)的收獲- 19 -一、設(shè)計(jì)要求及船體主要參數(shù)1.1 設(shè)計(jì)要求：航速：V=14.75 kn；排水量：=33200 t1.2 船體主參數(shù)：船型：?jiǎn)螛⑶蚴?、球尾、流線型掛舵、中機(jī)型多用途遠(yuǎn)洋貨船。利用海軍系數(shù)法，根據(jù)母型船主參數(shù)估算設(shè)計(jì)船體，如下：?jiǎn)挝荒感痛O(shè)計(jì)船排水量t2080033200設(shè)計(jì)水線長(zhǎng)LWLm144.20168.5221垂線間長(zhǎng)LPPm140.00163.6137型寬Bm21.8025.47699型深Hm12.5014.60836

3、設(shè)計(jì)吃水Tm8.9010.40116槳軸中心距基線ZPm2.953.447574方形系數(shù)CB10.7430.725317二、船舶阻力估算及有效馬力預(yù)報(bào)2.1 有效馬力預(yù)報(bào)母型船的有效功率數(shù)據(jù)如下：航速Vm/kn121314151617有效功率PEm/hp滿載203626553406436855337017壓載177923513007364243695236110%滿載223929213747480560867719根據(jù)海軍系數(shù)法對(duì)航速以及有效功率進(jìn)行變換：公式： ； 變換如下：Vm(kn)121314151617V(kn)12.972614.0536515.134716.2157517.296

4、818.37785PEm(hp)滿載203626553406436855337017壓載177923513007364243695236110%滿載223929213747480560867719PE(hp)滿載2201.0182870.1883682.0564722.0275981.457585.728壓載1923.1882541.5493250.7173937.1844723.1085660.378110%滿載2420.4713157.7474050.6945194.4456579.278344.625根據(jù)以上數(shù)據(jù)可作出設(shè)計(jì)船的有效功率曲線如下：從曲線上可讀取，當(dāng)V=14.75kn時(shí)，對(duì)應(yīng)

5、的有效馬力為=5076.3105hp。2.2 阻力估算根據(jù)公式，進(jìn)行船舶阻力估算。設(shè)計(jì)船在航速為14.75kn時(shí)的總阻力為50174.0248kgf。三、螺旋槳圖譜初步設(shè)計(jì)3.1 初步設(shè)計(jì)確定最佳轉(zhuǎn)速螺旋槳直徑初步由縮尺比關(guān)系確定設(shè)計(jì)船直徑D=4.78×=7.6296m，取MAU4-55的圖譜計(jì)算如下：名稱單位數(shù)據(jù)1螺旋槳直徑Dm7.62962H1.1823VAkn10.13774PEhp5076.31055假定一組轉(zhuǎn)速Nr/min8590951006直徑系數(shù)63.97 67.73 71.50 75.26 7由MAU4-55圖譜插值得P/D0.78 0.76 0.74 0.72400

6、.62 0.61 0.59 0.576BP4.89 5.09 5.41 5.728PDhp6201.80 7558.71 8873.26 11324.04 9主機(jī)馬力PShp6393.61 7792.48 9147.69 11674.26 10螺旋槳能克服的有效馬力PTEhp4713.53 5548.26 6355.85 7937.31 將上表結(jié)果繪制成曲線圖，由圖中Ps與Pe曲線交點(diǎn)可知，設(shè)計(jì)船的最佳轉(zhuǎn)速N=87.09608r/min，最佳主機(jī)功率為6997.6182hp。3.2 主機(jī)功率的確定 依據(jù)初定的轉(zhuǎn)速與功率，查中國(guó)船舶裝備船用動(dòng)力推進(jìn)系統(tǒng)YMD-MAN B&W，選擇主機(jī)參數(shù)

7、如下：型號(hào)S35MC最大持續(xù)功率hp7939最大持續(xù)功率kw5920轉(zhuǎn)速(r/min)173旋向右旋供應(yīng)商宜昌船舶柴油機(jī)廠Tel 0086-717-6468689四、螺旋槳圖譜終結(jié)設(shè)計(jì)4.1 推進(jìn)因子的決定（泰勒公式單螺旋槳船）伴流分?jǐn)?shù) 推力減額分?jǐn)?shù) 相對(duì)旋轉(zhuǎn)效率 船身效率 4.2 可達(dá)到最大航速的計(jì)算采用MAU 4葉槳圖譜進(jìn)行計(jì)算。取功率儲(chǔ)備10%，軸系效率，螺旋槳敞水收到馬力： PD=7939×0.9×S×R=6930.747(hp)根據(jù)MAU4-40，MAU4-55，MAU4-70的的圖譜列表計(jì)算。項(xiàng)目單位數(shù)值Vkn13141516VAkn8.979.661

8、0.3511.04PD1/283.251183.251183.251183.2511N87878787BP30.0557924.9727521.016417.8849BP1/25.4823164.9972754.5843654.22905473.9994668.7137964.1328760.12457MAU4-4000.5970.620.6230.631P/D0.6360.6580.6780.708PTEhp4909.4915198.3565562.5936690.513D7.7627.6737.5827.391MAU4-5500.5880.6010.6120.62P/D0.6450.668

9、0.6910.718PTEhp4708.9724987.2785308.4816395.491D7.6987.6017.4877.305MAU4-7000.5720.5930.6020.619P/D0.6550.6940.7180.743PTEhp4531.4414699.5145097.1346209.413D7.6047.4877.3747.278根據(jù)上表計(jì)算結(jié)果，依據(jù)大連理工大學(xué)于雁云的船舶與浮式海洋結(jié)構(gòu)物參數(shù)化設(shè)計(jì)，可繪制對(duì)V的曲線。_spline 13000,597014000,620015000,623016000,6310 _spline 13000,636014000,6580

10、15000,678016000,7080 _spline 13000,4909.49114000,5198.35615000,5562.59316000,6690.513 _spline 13000,776214000,767315000,758216000,7391 _spline 13000,588014000,601015000,612016000,6200 _spline 13000,645014000,668015000,691016000,7180 _spline 13000,4708.97214000,4987.27815000,5308.48116000,6395.491 _s

11、pline 13000,769814000,760115000,748716000,7305 _spline 13000,572014000,593015000,602016000,6190 _spline 13000,655014000,694015000,718016000,7430 _spline 13000,4531.44114000,4699.51415000,5097.13416000,6209.413 _spline 13000,760414000,748715000,737416000,7278 _spline 13000,3444.225614000,4418.4672150

12、00,5666.432416000,7177.74 從PTE-V曲線與船體滿載有效馬力曲線的交點(diǎn)，可獲得不同盤面比所對(duì)應(yīng)的設(shè)計(jì)航速及螺旋槳最佳要素P/D、D及0,如下：MAU4-40MAU4-55MAU4-70Vmax/kn14.98114.81314.152D/m7.6537.9707.988P/D0.66290.75210.701800.5810.5710.55472.78471.63470.3624.3 空泡校核按柏利爾空泡限界線中的商船上限線，計(jì)算不發(fā)生空泡的最小展開面積比。槳軸沉深 hs=T-ZP=5.53 p0-pv=15824.25計(jì)算溫度 t=15° pv=174 k

13、gf/m2 PD=7385.58 hp =104.63 kgf*s2/m4標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大氣壓 pa=10330kgf/m2項(xiàng)目單位MAU4-40MAU4-55MAU4-70浸沒(méi)深度m7.98 8.31 8.33 海水壓力kgf/m28176.01 8514.67 8533.90 p18506.01 18844.67 18863.90 Vmaxkn14.98 14.81 14.15 VAkn5.30 5.24 5.01 (0.7ND/60)2(m/s)2594.91 645.22 648.14 V0.7R2(m/s)2623.03 672.71 673.23 0.57 0.54 0.54 0.17 0.

14、17 0.18 Tkgf54797.24 55418.71 58007.16 Apm29.72 9.05 9.41 AEm210.62 10.12 10.39 AOm245.98 49.86 50.09 AE/AO0.23 0.20 0.21 項(xiàng)目單位MAU4-40MAU4-55MAU4-70浸沒(méi)深度m7.98 8.31 8.33 海水壓力kgf/m28176.01 8514.67 8533.90 p18506.01 18844.67 18863.90 Vmaxkn14.98 14.81 14.15 VAkn5.30 5.24 5.01 (0.7ND/60)2(m/s)2594.91 645.

15、22 648.14 V0.7R2(m/s)2623.03 672.71 673.23 0.57 0.54 0.54 0.17 0.17 0.18 Tkgf54797.24 55418.71 58007.16 Apm29.72 9.05 9.41 AEm210.62 10.12 10.39 AOm245.98 49.86 50.09 AE/AO0.23 0.20 0.21 根據(jù)上表中的計(jì)算結(jié)果，可作出空泡校核結(jié)果圖如下：從圖中可得不發(fā)生空泡的最小盤面比，以及其所對(duì)應(yīng)的最佳螺旋槳要素如下：AE/AOP/DD0Vmax0.3560.6707.8230.57114.764.4 強(qiáng)度校核計(jì)算功率 Ne=

16、6997.6182×0.97=6787.6896 hp盤面比 Ad=AE/AO=0.356螺距比 P/D=0.670縱斜角 =8°密度 G=7.5 g/cm3螺旋槳轉(zhuǎn)速 N=ne=87r/min0.66R處弦長(zhǎng) b0.66R =0.226DAd/(0.1Z)=1.57350.25R處弦長(zhǎng) b0.25R =0.7212 b0.66R =1.13480.6R處弦長(zhǎng) b0.6R =0.9911 b0.66R =1.5595計(jì)算表格如下：項(xiàng)目單位0.25R0.6Rbm1.13481.5595K1634207K2250151K31410635K4434A12489.829361886

17、.3386Y34233.308418867.739K58223K63412K74165K8380330A21236.3582091027.612K(Cu3鎳鋁青銅）1.381.38X1.0559437540.638645tmm325.0231072109.3688標(biāo)準(zhǔn)t'mm253.8158.8校核結(jié)果滿足滿足實(shí)取槳厚度mm253.8158.84.5 螺距修正轂徑比不同對(duì)螺距的修正由，根據(jù)教材中圖8-40查得槳軸直徑dt=465mm，轂徑dh=(1.82.1)dt =837976.5(mm)，取為850mm則轂徑比dh/D=850÷7823=0.1087，故需對(duì)此項(xiàng)螺距進(jìn)行修

18、正：葉厚比不同對(duì)螺距的修正由于實(shí)槳厚度大于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)槳厚度，故需對(duì)厚度差異進(jìn)行螺距修正.設(shè)計(jì)槳 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)槳 (取MAU4-55為基準(zhǔn)螺旋槳)=-0. 007修正后的螺距比為4.6 重量及慣性矩計(jì)算螺旋槳重量螺旋槳材料為Cu3鎳鋁青銅，重量密度=7500kgf/m³；槳葉最大寬度bmax=1.940m。(1)葉片重量(未計(jì)及填角料的重量）每片葉重量=1/3×R/10×(6)+0.166×0.02R=2610.8 kgf式中0.166×0.02R是考慮槳轂至0.2R切面間的重量。4個(gè)葉片重量=4×2610.8=10443.2 kgf(2)槳榖重量按

19、我國(guó)船舶與海洋工程設(shè)計(jì)院提出的公式計(jì)算槳榖重量Gh=3250kgf(3)螺螺旋槳總重= 10443.2+3250=13693.2 kgf轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)慣性矩按設(shè)計(jì)院提出的公式計(jì)算整個(gè)螺旋槳的慣性矩為97893.68 kgf·cm·s²4.7 敞水性征曲線確定由MAU4-30、MAU4-40的敞水性征曲線內(nèi)插MAU4-35.6,P/D=0.6638的敞水性征數(shù)據(jù)如下：J00.10.20.30.40.50.60.7KT0.294900.271390.241430.209770.113020.133810.082420.04262KQ0.034090.028070.025320.

20、022660.019580.016420.017170.00755并得到MAU4-35.6,P/D=0.6638的敞水性征曲線如下：4.8 系柱特性計(jì)算由敞水性征曲線得： 當(dāng)J=0時(shí)，KT=0.300，KQ=0.0305。 計(jì)算功率 PD=6930.25×0.97=6722.6456 hp系柱推力減額分?jǐn)?shù) t0=0.04主機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)矩 Q=PD*60*75/2N=47083.8924 kgf.m系柱推力 T=KTQ/KQD=71771.9713 kgf螺旋槳轉(zhuǎn)速 4.9 航行特性計(jì)算取轉(zhuǎn)速為148r/min、138r/min、128r/min 進(jìn)行計(jì)算，計(jì)算表格如下：項(xiàng)目單位數(shù)據(jù)Vkn12

21、1314151617VAm/s4.2594.6144.9695.3245.6796.034148r/minJ0.3980.4310.4630.4950.5270.56KT0.1860.1760.1650.1540.1410.126KQ0.02340.02340.02330.02320.02310.0229PTEhp394239924008397038553631PShp614658595570526949584627138r/minJ0.4260.460.4950.5290.5640.598KT0.1760.1650.1520.1380.1220.106KQ0.02250.02240.02220.0220.02170.0214PTEhp331733373299319729972746PShp486546174349408037923498128r/minJ0.4570.4940.5310.5690.6060.643KT0.1640.1510.1360.1180.10.084KQ0.02140.02120.02