仁愛英語八年級上冊語言點、語法歸納

1、八年級上知識點總結(jié)Unit One 語法：一般將來時結(jié)構(gòu)：be (am/ is /are)going to do sth. 表示計劃、打算或安排e.g. Our Chinese teacher is going to give (give)a speech this Friday.Topic 11.see sb. do sth. “看到某人做了某事（強調(diào)過程，經(jīng)常發(fā)生）” see sb. doing sth.“看到某人在做某事（強調(diào)瞬間，偶爾發(fā)生）”類似用法的動詞還有：find; watch; hear; noticee.g. We just found Tom reading a book

2、in his study. Mr. Green often hears the little girl play the piano.2.during(介詞) the summer holidaysp.s. 介詞后跟動詞，動詞應(yīng)加ing。常見介詞有：in,for,of,at,by,on,about3.play against“與對抗（比賽）” fight against “為反對而斗爭”4.this term/week/month/year/summer holiday/Sunday/Monday/. 將來時 next term/week/month/year/summer holiday/S

3、unday/Monday/. 將來時 last term/week/month/year/summer holiday/Sunday/Monday/. 過去時5.cheer sb. on “為某人加油” cheer sb. up “使某人振作起來”6.prefer doing sth. to doing sth. “喜歡做某事勝過做某事” prefer sth. to sth. “喜歡某物勝過某物” prefer to do sth. than do sth. “喜歡做某事勝過做某事”7.go swimming/shopping/fishing/mountain climbing/skatin

4、g/skiiing/rowing/.8.sb./sth. + be + 數(shù)詞 + 量詞 + 形容詞e.g. The river is 300 kilometers long. => How long is the river?9.play for “為（球隊）效力”10.sb. be going to be + 職業(yè)when sb. grow up sb. want to be + 職業(yè)when sb. grow up 11.ne of + 形容詞最高級+名詞復(fù)數(shù)+謂語單數(shù)e.g. One of the greatest wonders ,the Great Wall, lies in

5、the north of China.12.break the Olympic record “打破奧運會記錄”13.win the gold medal “獲得金牌”14.give up doing sth. “放棄做某事”15.What a shame ! What a pity !16.“參加” join “加入某組織、政黨、團(tuán)體、俱樂部等等并成為其中一員”take part in“參加某活動” join in“參加某活動或加入某一群人中”17.“花費” sb. spend some money/time on sth. sb. spend some money/time (in) do

6、ing sth. sb. pay some money for sth. sth. cost sb. some money It takes/took/will take sb. some time to do sth.18.be good at = do well in “擅長于” be weak in = do badly in19.There is/are going to be . = There will be .20.the long jump“跳遠(yuǎn)” the high jump“跳高”21.make sb./sth. + 形容詞 keep sb./sth. +形容詞 make s

7、b./sth. + 名詞 keep sb./sth. + doing sth. make sb./sht. + do sth. 類似用法的動詞有：let; help22.all over the world “全世界”23.be good for “對有益”24.“到達(dá)”arrive in +大地點arrive at + 小地點get to reach“到那兒”arrive there/ get there25.China's national team “中國國家隊”26.形容詞以ed結(jié)尾和人搭配： excited;interested;moved;bored形容詞以ing結(jié)尾修飾(

8、事)物：exciting;interesting;moving;boring27.stay for long “待很久”28.leave for “動身前往”leave for“離開前往”Topic 2語法：表示建議的句型：Would you mind (not) doing sth. ? “做某事你(不)介意嗎？” Would you mind if I .? “如果我做某事你不介意嗎” 表示允許的回答：Of course not./Certainly not./.表示不允許的回答：You'd better not./Sorry.1.Could you please do me a

9、favor ?=Could you help me ?=Could you give me a hand ?2.fall ill; be ill; get ill3.pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb. “把某物遞給某人”give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb.4.right away “立刻；馬上”= at once = right now5.somewhere else6.throw . around = throw . about =throw . here and th

10、ere7.manage sth. oneself “自我管理”8.What do you mean by(介詞) doing sth. ? “你那么做是什么意思”9.shout at sb. “對某人大吼” be angry at sth. “對某事生氣” be angry with sb.“對某人生氣”10.“也”either否定句、疑問句句末 also動詞前be或助動詞后too肯定句句末，逗號隔開 as well肯定句句末，不用逗號11.do one's best to do sth. “盡某人最大努力做某事”12.say sorry/hello/good-bye to sb.“向

11、某人說對不起/問好/道別” I'm sorry for what I said.“我為我說過的話感到抱歉”13.keep doing“繼續(xù)做” practice doing sth. “練習(xí)做某事” enjoy doing “喜歡做” love doing“喜歡做” 14.serve the food“上菜” turn down/up “把(音量)調(diào)低/高” turn on/off“(電源)開/關(guān)”15.so . that. “如此以至于”引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句 so that “以至于；以便” 引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句16. start doing“開始做（已經(jīng)在做）” start to do“開

12、始去做（還沒開始做）”stop doing“停止做” stop to do“停下來去做”remember doing“記得做過” remember to do“記得去做”forget doing“忘記做過” forget to do“忘記去做”finish doing“做完”e.g. Stop talking! The workers are very tired,so they stop to have a rest. Don't forget to turn off lights before you leave. The old man forgot paying some mo

13、ney for the cakes,so he did it again.17.so + 形容詞/副詞+ that“如此以至于”引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句so that“以便，為的是”引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句e.g. The coat looks so nice that Mrs. Brown wants to take it.18.more and more popular“越來越流行” “越來越”有兩種表達(dá)法：1.形容詞比較級 and 形容詞比較級；如：taller and stronger;better and better;2.the + 形容詞比較級， the + 形容詞比較級；如：the more,

14、the better19.“代替”instead of介詞短語 take the place of動詞短語 instead副詞e.g. Tom will take the place of Jack to give a speech. =Tom will give a speech instead of Jack. Jack was ill and had to stay in bed. So Tom will give a speech instead.20.Running helps to build me up.注：動詞不能放句首作主語，需加ing變?yōu)閯用~，而且被看成為一個整體，謂語單

15、數(shù)！e.g. Doing moring exercises is good for our health.21.have (great) fun doing sth.“做某事有樂趣”e.g. Children have fun playing with dogs.Topic 3時態(tài)：一般將來時 結(jié)構(gòu)：主語 + will do sth. =>適用于任何人稱搭配詞：tomorrow,the day after tomorrow,in + 一段時間，next Sunday/week/year/., this morning/afternoon/evening/year/week/month/.

16、,tonight,in the futuree.g. Her uncle will visit her in three days. => How soon will her uncle visit her?1. be ready for sth. be ready to do sth. get ready for sth. get ready to do sth.2.maybe“也許，可能”副詞，可放句首 may be“也許是，可能是”作謂語動詞e.g. Maybe he is a doctor. = He may be a doctor.3.make friends4.Let'

17、;s make it half past six.5.take (some) photos6.win first place7.cross the finish line8.be able to “能”只表示能力，可以用于多種時態(tài) can“能;可以;可能”除了表示能力，還可以表示允許，猜測。除了原形，只有過去式could9.improve our environment10.a symbol of “的標(biāo)志”e.g. A dragon is a symbol of the Chinese nation.11.stand for “代表；象征”e.g. The full moon stands

18、for families getting together.Unit Two語法：情態(tài)助動詞：can/could; may/might; should; must; have to; had better; nded; dare; ought to; 1.can“能”能力“可以”允許“可能”猜測2.may“可能”猜測“可以”允許，征求同意3.must“必須”義務(wù)；mustn't“不得”禁止“一定；準(zhǔn)是”猜測表示請求，客氣或正式程度：might > may > could > can表示猜測，可能性：must > can > could > may &

19、gt; mightmust提問時，否定回答是：Must we ? No,you don't have to./No,you needn't.“必須” must(除了過去時might外)沒有時態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化; 主觀看法 have to有時態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化; 客觀需要had better 的否定had better notTopic 11.have a headache/toothache/backache/stomachache/cough/cold/fever have the flu; have score eyes2.I'm sorry to hear tha

20、t. => 主語 + be + 形容詞 + to do sth.e.g. As a girl she is afraid to walk in the street at midnight.3.see a doctor/dentist4.I hope you will get well soon.5.What's wrong with you? = What's the matter/trouble with you? What's up?6.drink plenty of boiled water“許多的”可以用來修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞：lots of;a lot

21、 of; plenty of; a great number of;7.lift heavy things8.stay in bed9.have a good sleep10.How long have you been like this? Two days. 完整的回答是：I have been like this for two days.11.take sb. to the hospital12.day and night13.feel like doing sth. “想要做某事”14.drink hot tea with honey 15.on the Internet16.tak

22、e care of sb.=look after sb.=care for sb.(care for除了照顧，還有關(guān)愛的意思) take good care of sb.=look after sb. well=care for sb. well17.check sth. over (again)“檢查”18.take these (cold) pills; take the (Chinese) medicine19.Two pills each time,three times a day.20.worry about = be worried about21.Stay in bed and

23、 don't move your leg too much.22.Follow the doctor's advice. = Take the doctor's advice.23.have an accident “發(fā)生意外”24.ask for two weeks' leave“請假兩周”25.return to school soon“盡快返校” “歸還”return=give.back “返回”return=go back26.Your sincerely, “你真誠地”27.eat hot foodTopic Two1.Staying up late

24、is bad for your health.動名詞作主語當(dāng)作一個整體，謂語須單數(shù) stay up late “熬夜”2.do morning exercise “做早操” keep fingernails long “留長指甲”3.wash hands before meals4.go to school without breakfast5.You must not read in the sun. give up doing sth.6.read an article in the newspaper about smoking7.Walking is a good exercise.8

25、.show sth. to sb. = show sb. sth.9.put litter into the dustbin throw litter around/about/here and there10.Breakfast gives you energy for the morning. give sb. energy for.11.enough 作形容詞修飾名詞放前面；作副詞修飾形容詞或其他副詞要后置e.g. Now they have enough time to repair the machine. He doesn't think that this book is

26、 interesting enough.12.Go to bed early and get up early. It will keep you active during the day.13.Something is wrong with . = There is something wrong with . 不定代詞做主語，謂語單數(shù)14.exercise for a long time on an empty stomach15.“穿過” through forest/window內(nèi)部;across street/bridge/desert交叉16.keep the air fresh

27、“保持通風(fēng)” keep away from “遠(yuǎn)離”17.drink sour milk have an illness brush one'e teeth twice a day18.spit in public19.As we know,good health is more important than wealth.20.We should eat more fruit and vegetables and less meat.21.have healthy eating habits22.as we know23.kinds of 24.It is + 形容詞 + for s

28、b. to do sth. “做某事對某人來說” It is + 形容詞 + of sb. to do sth.“做某事某人”e.g. It is difficult for Tom to solve the math problem in 3 minutes It is very kind of Tom to help the old man carry the heavy box.Topic Three1.Hurry up! hurry to do sth. = do sth. in a hurry2.go ahead 口語中意思為“繼續(xù)(說吧);開始”3.The flu is sprea

29、ding quickly among people these days.4.prevent sb. (from) doing sth. “阻止某人做某事” = stop sb. (from) doing sth. “阻止某人做某事” = keep sb. from doing sth. “阻止某人做某事” keep sb. doing sth. “讓某人一直做某事”5.crowded places6.change our clothes often7.Just/Wait a moment/minute/second, please. = Hold on,please.8.Could/May

30、I speak to sb. ?9.examine a patient10.ring sb. up=call/telephone/phone sb.=give sb. a call/ring “打電話給某人” call sb. back“給某人回電話”11.leave a message“留口信”;take a message“捎口信”; give sb. the message“給某人帶口信”12.give a talk; Be on time. fast food 13.cause accidents stay safe first aid14.on the other hand15.av

31、oid doing sth.16.You should say no to smoking and drinking. say no to sth./doing17.sweep the floor by oneself; learn. by oneself = teach oneself; say to oneself; enjoy oneself = have a good time hurt oneself; wash oneself = take/have a bath/shower help oneself manage sth. oneself kill oneself take g

32、ood care of oneself18.in the hospital in hospital at school at the school19.It is my duty to save patients. It is + 名詞 (duty/time/turn/pleasure/moment/.) + to do sth.e.g. It is your turn to clean the living room. It is the time for them to get together to have a party.20.on TV / the Internet / the c

33、omputer / the phone21.among “（三者以上）在之間” between.and.“在兩者之間”22.build up one's body“增強某人體質(zhì)”23.all the time“一直，始終” at the same time“同時” at times“有時，不時” at that time“在那時”24.lose one's lifeUnit 3 Our HobbiesTopic Oneused to do sth.過去常常做某事否定形式：didn't use to do sth. / usedn't to do sth.1.in

34、 one's spare/free time2.-What's your hobby? -I often go fishing. / I'm a movie fan. / My hobby is reading books.3.do some ourdoor activities4.maybe / may be5.need a change6.“喜歡做某事” like doing sth.; love doing sth.; be fond of doing sth.; be interested doing sth.; enjoy doing sth.; prefer

35、 doing sth.; have great fun doing sth.7.play the guitar => play soccer8.dance to music9.walk a pet dog10.collect stamps11.plant flowers12.make model planes13.learn a lot about sb./sth. from sb./sth.14.special events15.of great value = valuable16.My interests are changing all the time.17.do sports

36、18.know little about paintings19.Do you share my interests? => share sth. with sb.20.Let's be friends.21.in front of / in the front of22.keep pets23.chat on the Net24.Hobbies can bring people happiness, friendship and knowledge.25.daily work26.get well soon27.take/have a bath = take/have a sh

37、ower28.He doesn't mind whether they are good or not. => if不能代替Topic Two感嘆句：What (a/an) + (adj.) + 名詞 + 主語 + 謂語！ How + 形容詞/副詞 + 主語 + 謂語！1.go to a concert; at the concert; give the concert2.take/have English lessons/classes; => give English lessons/classes3.lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. ;

38、 borrow sth. from sb. = borrow sb. sth.4.How much is it for a piano lesson?5.It's hard to say.6.Classic music is not my favorite,but I don't mind it.7.Pop music often comes and goes quickly.8.be popular with sb.9.be famouse for; be famous as; be famous to10.form a band; set up a

39、sb./sth. ; call sb./sth. 12.do a lot of traveling13.get to know14.in the 1980s15.close friendsTopic Three過去進(jìn)行時：結(jié)構(gòu)：was / were + doing用法：過去某個時刻正在進(jìn)行的動作：at 8:00/. + 過去的時間at this/that time/moment + 過去的時間 過去某段時間內(nèi)持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動作：from 7 to 9 + 過去的時間 the whole morning/. + 過去的時間注：過去進(jìn)行時可以運用于when、while、as引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中。as從

40、句謂語動詞可用短暫性或延續(xù)性動詞；從句表示進(jìn)展過程。 when從句謂語動詞可用短暫性或延續(xù)性動詞；從句表示一個時間段或時間點。 while從句謂語動詞須用延續(xù)性動詞；從句表示一個時間段。eg. As he grew up, he became more clever. When he arrived home, it was just nine o'clock. While he was in London,he studied music.1.Hold the line.=Wait a moment/minute/second.2.answer the phone / pick up

41、 the phone3.eat Beijing roast duck4.Wasn't the scenery beautiful?5.just so-so6.agree with sb. =>disagree7.please “使高興”; pleased “高興的”; pleasant “令人高興(愉快)的”; pleasure “高興”8.make faces9.listen to the teacher10.in the early 1800s11.all day12.too + adj. to do sth.13.make Saturday afternoon a holi

42、dayUnit 4 Our WorldTopic One 形容詞的比較級、最高級：規(guī)則變化：A.單音節(jié)和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)加-er或-est: great-greater-greatest以e結(jié)尾的加-r或-st: fine-finer-finest輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的,變y為i加-er或-est: happy-happier-happiest重讀,輔元輔結(jié)尾,尾字母有獨立發(fā)音的,雙寫尾字母加-er或-est: big-bigger-biggestB.多音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)在詞前加more或most: popular-more popular-the most popular不規(guī)則變化：good/well-

43、better-best; bad/ill-worse-worst; many/much-more-most;little-less-least; far-farther/further-farthest/furthest注：比較級要有比較對象，而且必須同級同類比較。搭配詞：than 最高級要有比較范圍，形容詞最高級前加the。搭配詞：of / in1.think about “考慮”; think over “仔細(xì)考慮”; think of “認(rèn)為，想起”2.enjoy the beauties of nature there3.give sb.l joy4.play with sb./sth

44、.5.Cats are cuter than any other animals = Cats are the cutest animals of all.6.feed on; feed sth. to sb.; feed sb. on sth.7.thousands of8.“越來越”比較級and比較級; The+比較級,the+比較級.9.They can't live at all without water.10.make up; be made up of11.save every drop of water12.in fact13.living things14.South

45、west China = in the southwest of China15.Pandas are becoming fewer and fewer in number. =The number of pandas is becoming less and less.16.in danger17.They are the oldest type of tigers living in the world.Topic Two be (not) sure + (that)賓語從句be (not) sure + if/whether賓語從句be (not) sure + when/where/which/why/how/.賓語從句1.in some situations2.“修理”mend指較簡單的修復(fù)過程，一般不需要專門技術(shù)或特殊工具repair可與mend換用，但一般需要較高的職業(yè)技能和使用較復(fù)雜的工具3.save people in danger4.lift parts of trucks5.carry heavy things6.lose one's jobs7.look for work; find a job8.wo