八年級英語暑假專題重點(diǎn)語法復(fù)習(xí)魯教版知識精講

1、八年級英語暑假專題重點(diǎn)語法復(fù)習(xí)魯教版【本講訓(xùn)練信息 】一. 教學(xué)內(nèi)容：八年級下重點(diǎn)語法復(fù)習(xí)二. 學(xué)問總結(jié)與歸納1、me ， neither. 是口語化的簡略回答；neither have i ，為“ neither + 系/助/情態(tài)動詞 +主語”結(jié)構(gòu)，neither 在此意為“也不”， 表示主語所做的動作與前面提到過的人或事相同，是為了防止語言重復(fù)，其中的系/助/情態(tài)動詞在時態(tài)上與前一句保持一樣，而在數(shù)上要與其后的主語一樣；例如： he can t swim他.不會游泳； neither can i.我也不會；i don t want to go, neither will i.我不想去，也不

2、會去；he didn t go to school. neither did she. 他沒去上學(xué)，她也沒去；如在確定句中表示“也”，就要用“so +系/ 助/情態(tài)動詞”； i am a student，so is my sister.我是同學(xué)，我妹妹也是同學(xué)；he can swim ， so can i.他會游泳，我也會；i feel happy ， so does he.我興奮，他也興奮；2. 現(xiàn)在完成時a. 表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去已經(jīng)開頭，連續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)；如：the car has arrived.車子來了；（結(jié)果：車子已在門口）someon

3、e has broken the window.有人把窗戶打破了； （結(jié)果：窗戶仍是破的）現(xiàn)在完成時句子中通常有recently ，lately ， since， for ，in the past few months/years 等詞作時間狀語；確定形式： have/has + done否定形式 ： have/has + not +done一般疑問句 ： have 或 has 放于句首；b. 現(xiàn)在完成時的用法1）現(xiàn)在完成時所表示的動作在說話之前已完成，而對現(xiàn)在仍有影響；所以后面經(jīng)常不用時間狀語；現(xiàn)在完成時所表示的動作離說話人的說話時刻可近可遠(yuǎn)；如：he has gone to london.

4、 說話人認(rèn)為他不在該地 he has been to london. （說話人認(rèn)為他在該地）2）現(xiàn)在完成時所表示的動作開頭于過去，連續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，或許仍會連續(xù)下去；常用for ，since 等表示一段時間的狀語或so far，now ，today，this week month ，year等表示包括現(xiàn)在時間在內(nèi)的狀語；例如：he has studied english for 5 years. he has studied english since 2001. now i have finished the work.留意：表示短臨時間動作的詞，如:come， go， die， marry ，

5、buy 等的完成時不能與for ， since等表示一段時間的詞連用；3）現(xiàn)在完成時仍可用在時間和條件狀語從句中，表示將來某時完成的動作；例如：i ll go to your home when i have finished my homework.if it has stopped snowing in the morning ， we will go to the park.3. it was because i could speak english that i got the job.正是由于我會講英語我才得到了這份工作；這是一個強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，強(qiáng)調(diào)緣由狀語從句；強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的句式是“it+

6、be+被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分 +that”；被強(qiáng)調(diào)的是簡潔句的主語、賓語、賓補(bǔ)或狀語，不能強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語、定語或表語；強(qiáng)調(diào)對象是人作主語時可用who ，作賓語時用whom ，其余一律用that；it was my father who that did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.正是我父親昨天晚上在試驗(yàn)室做試驗(yàn)；it was at the gate of the school i met tom.正是在校門口我見到了湯姆；it was last week that i attended an art exhibition for the first

7、time.上周是我第一次參觀一個藝術(shù)展覽；it was not until he broke my favorite vase that i flew into rages.我是在他打碎了我最寵愛的花瓶后才憤怒的；it was because he was ill that he didn t come to the school yesterday.正是由于他病了（所以）昨天才沒來上學(xué)；4. on the one hand， more than three quarters of the population are chinese.一方面，四分之三以上的人口是中國人；（ 1）on the

8、one hand 一方面（ 2）quarter n. 四分之一；一刻鐘three quarters 四分之三摸索：分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)方式5. it s adj.（形）（ for/of sb.） to doe.g. its difficult （ for me ） to swim very well.6. you re paula, aren你是t y波ou拉.，對嗎？這是一個反意疑問句，表示說話人提出某種情形或看法，詢問對方是否同意；反意疑問句主要有以下幾種類型：1主句為確定陳述句時，附加疑問句為：系動詞/情態(tài)動詞 /助動詞的否定（縮寫）形式+主語；the girl went to school la

9、te yesterday, didn t she.昨天那個女孩上學(xué)遲到了，是嗎？2主句為否定陳述句 （包括確定形式中有never, seldom, hardly, few, little, nobody等否定意義的詞）時，附加疑問句為：系動詞/情態(tài)動詞 /助動詞的確定形式+主語；you have never been to beijing, have you.你沒有去過北京，是嗎？3主句為祈使句時，附加疑問句為：will 或 shall+主語； open the window, will you.打開窗戶，好嗎？let s go to school, shall we我.們上學(xué)去吧，好嗎？7.

10、 否定前移現(xiàn)象，謂語動詞是think, believe, suppose, guess等詞時，如要否定，需將not提到主句；例如： “我想他不會給你打電話的”應(yīng)譯為i dont think he will give you a call.特殊提示如把此類句式變成反意疑問句，其助動詞及主語要依據(jù)從句來確定，而確定/否定就要依據(jù)主句來確定；we think you can help him, can t you.我們認(rèn)為你能幫忙他，不是嗎？i don t think he is a good student, .我認(rèn)為他不是個好同學(xué)，對嗎？8.一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)為：主語am / is / are

11、 （ not）過去分詞一般過去時的被動語態(tài)為：主語was / were 過去分詞現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài)：主語is / am / are + being 過去分詞現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)：主語have / has been 過去分詞一般將來時主語 will be 過去分詞過去將來時主語 would / should + be過去分詞過去進(jìn)行時主語 was / were + being過去分詞過去完成時主語 had + been +過去分詞主語情態(tài)動詞be過去分詞被動語態(tài)的時態(tài)是由be 的時態(tài)打算的， be 是什么時態(tài)，全句就是什么時態(tài)，be 動詞后面的過去分詞不變；9. get their ears

12、pierced 屬于“ get/have+名詞 /代詞 +動詞的過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“使被做”，“請人做” ；go and get your hair cut.你去理理發(fā)吧；i want to have my hair cut.我要理發(fā)；10. only處于句首 ,并后跟狀語時 ,全句需要倒裝.例: only then did he understand it.只有到那時 ,他才明白；11. 在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句；被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫做先行詞；引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞稱為關(guān)系詞，有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞兩類；關(guān)系代詞有：who, whom, whose, that, whic

13、h等；謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)與先行詞保持一樣.e.g. i prefer shoes that are cool.關(guān)系副詞可代替的先行詞是表示時間、地點(diǎn)或理由的名詞，在從句中作狀語；beijing is the place where in which i was born.北京是我的誕生地；【典型例題】1. should not be allowed to go out at night.a. twelve-years-oldb. twelve-year-oldsc. twelve year oldd. twelve years olds2. i yesterday. it was broken

14、.a. had my bike repairb. had my bike repairsc. had my bike repairedd. has my bike repaired3. there is with this computer.a. wrong anythingb. wrong nothingc. anything wrongd. nothing wrong4. i yesterday. it was broken.a. had my bike repairb. had my bike repairsc. had my bike repairedd. has my bike re

15、paired5. can you find the jeans i often wear at home.a. whob. thatc. thesed. those6. i thought very important to take exercise every day.a. itsb. itc. thatd. this7. middle school students allowed to use mobile phone at school .a. dob. didc. ared. can8. i find it is hard to improve my english. joinin

16、g an english club.a. what aboutb. why notc. try tod. you should9. he has finished his work, .a. have i sob. so i havec. so have id. i have so10. have you been to our town before. no, it's the first time i here.a. even, have comeb. ever, comec. ever, have come11. my sister has never been to a wat

17、er park. n have i.12. how many teachers are there in your school. about 200. one three of them be men teachers.*13.我認(rèn)為不應(yīng)當(dāng)答應(yīng)16 歲的青少年開車；【模擬試題】（答題時間： 35 分鐘）一、單項(xiàng)挑選1. are the two answers right. no, right.a. no one isb. both arec. none isd. neither is*2. ann has gone to shanghai. so her parents.a. hasb. h

18、adc. have*3. tom the cd player for two weeks.a. has borrowed b. has boughtc. has had4. his brother has been to stoneforest twice he came to yunnan.a. afterb. beforec. since*5. collecting stamps interesting.a. amb. isc. ared. do6. i don t know .a. what to do itb. how to doc. what to dod. to do what7.

19、 at last, lucy made the baby and the baby began to laugh.a. stop cryingb. to stop cryingc. stop to sayd. to stop to cry8. he is afraid of strangers.a. seeb. seeingc. sawd. seen*9. i always go to sleep the light on.a. inb. withc. tod. and10. the olympic games every four years.a. are heldb. were heldc

20、. are holdingd. will hold11. bill has a child. she is a lovely little girl.a. five-years-old b. five-year-oldsc. five-year-old d. five-years-olds*12. would you like dinner with us. sure.a. havingb. eatc. eatingd. to have13. do you know the young lady is in a red coat.a. thatb. whoc. to whomd. which*

21、14. so far, the moon by man already.a. will be visited b. has been visitedc. was visited d. is visited二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換*15. he s already finished his homework. 改為一般疑問句 he finished his homework .16. he borrowed the book two weeks ago. 改為同義句 he has the book two weeks.17. let s go to school. （改為反意疑問句）lets go to s

22、chool, .18. we have fine weather today.（改為感嘆句） weather we have today.19. li lei gave tom a new pen last week .（變?yōu)橥x句）a new pen tom last week .*20. a lot of people in china can speak english now .（變?yōu)橥x句）english by a lot of people in china now.21. i have learned english for about two years.（變?yōu)橥x句）english for about two years.22. i can finish doing my homework in one and a half hours.（變?yōu)橥x句）my homework can doing in one and a half hours.*23. bob has given a new pen to emily.（變?yōu)橥x句）a new pen to emily by bob.24. people use wood for making paper.