【培訓(xùn)課件】數(shù)字信息服務(wù)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與預(yù)防p76

1、http:/ n國際立場(chǎng)國際立場(chǎng) n預(yù)防建議預(yù)防建議http:/ n終端用戶終端用戶n法律的變化法律的變化http:/ 1990年9月7日七屆全國人大常委會(huì)15次會(huì)議通過，2001年10月27日修改n中華人民共和國著作權(quán)法實(shí)施條例，自2002年9月15日起施行n信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳播權(quán)保護(hù)條例（自2006年7月1日起施行）n關(guān)于審理涉及計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)問題的司法解釋（年月） http:/ 1992年10月加入n1952世界版權(quán)公約 1992年10月加入n1961保護(hù)表演者、錄制者和廣播組織羅馬公約n1971保護(hù)錄音制品制作者禁止未經(jīng)許可錄制其錄音制品日內(nèi)瓦公約 1993年4月加入n1996 版權(quán)條約在

2、中國生效n 1996錄音制品條約在中國生效n正在談判的其他條約草案http:/ n規(guī)定了法定賠償制度和全面充分賠償原則n增加了訴前臨時(shí)禁令和財(cái)產(chǎn)保全制度http:/ positions on ip in digital age n國際圖書館協(xié)會(huì)聯(lián)合會(huì)（ifla）n國際出版商協(xié)會(huì)(international publishers copyright council ，ipcc)nu.s. national humanities alliancenu. s. ip rights and the emerging information infrastructureneuropean union l

3、awnsome scholars viewshttp:/ position：數(shù)字化的沒有什么：數(shù)字化的沒有什么不同不同（digital is not different）nbalanced copyright is for everybodyndigital is not differentnto ensure permitted uses apply equally to information in electronic form and information in printninformation resource sharingnhttp:/ position：數(shù)字化的沒有什么：數(shù)

4、字化的沒有什么不同不同（digital is not different）n借閱（lending）n保護(hù)與保存（preservation and conservation）n契約和復(fù)本保護(hù)系統(tǒng)（contracts and copy protection systems ）n版權(quán)侵權(quán)的責(zé)任（liability for copyright infringement ）n維持版權(quán)人和用戶之間利益的平衡的原則概要http:/ position：數(shù)字化是不同的：數(shù)字化是不同的（digital is different）n數(shù)字化是不同的（digital is different）n數(shù)字化作品版權(quán)保護(hù)需要新

5、規(guī)則（digital versions of works need copyright protection adequate to their nature）n關(guān)于合理使用n應(yīng)創(chuàng)立新權(quán)利n并不是所有的圖書館和所有的出版者都一樣對(duì)待（not all libraries nor all publishers are equivalent）http:/ humanities alliancebasic principles for managing intellectual property in the digital environmentncopyright law provisions f

6、or digital works should maintain a balance between the interests of creators and copyright owners and the public that is equivalent to that embodied in current statute. the existing legal balance is consonant with the educational ethic of responsible use of intellectual properties, promotes the free

7、 exchange of ideas, and protects the economic interests of copyright holdershttp:/ http:/ scholars viewneverything you know about ip is wrong, everything you know about ip is wrong, john perry barlow , 1995, 1995nshould we begin digging copyrightshould we begin digging copyrights s grave ? t. c. vin

8、jie,2000grave ? t. c. vinjie,2000nwhy lawmaking for global ip is why lawmaking for global ip is unbalance, p. gerhart 2000 unbalance, p. gerhart 2000 noffering cake for the south eipr ,2000offering cake for the south eipr ,2000http:/ generis right）nwipo版權(quán)條約，美國數(shù)字千年版權(quán)法1998n版權(quán)走到盡頭了嗎？should we begin dig

9、ging copyrights grave ? t. c. vinjie,2000http:/ http:/ n多家雜志社訴維普公司案多家雜志社訴維普公司案n出版社訴數(shù)字圖書館版式設(shè)計(jì)權(quán)案出版社訴數(shù)字圖書館版式設(shè)計(jì)權(quán)案n超星版權(quán)案超星版權(quán)案n全國人大、政協(xié)專家關(guān)注數(shù)字圖書館的公益性http:/ 訴 new york times 案 ndmitry sklyarov案nnapster案nprocd案http:/ n互動(dòng)與個(gè)性化n邊際曲線的變化n侵權(quán)隱蔽 容易n作者、出版者與讀者金三角的坍塌n網(wǎng)信息社會(huì)剛剛起步，知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)政策難以確定http:/ is king (oclc)ne-content,

10、or e-text is, generally, any textual information that is available in a digitally encoded human-readable format and read by electronic means, but more specifically it refers to files in the ascii text file format. nan ebook,ejournal, emusic, ecoursware and so on. http:/ is king (oclc)nall kinds of d

11、igitized content (music, books, documents, video). generally, all information that is capable of being stored in digital format can be e-content.http:/ in librariesnlibrary web sites (the pages of information, data, text, images, graphics, hyperlinks or computer code published on, or available via t

12、he world wide web, which are under the ownership or control of kings and from which a hyperlink has been created to these terms and conditions)nlibrary and consortia catalogsnfull text databases nelectronic journalsne-booksncd-roms and dvdsne-databaseshttp:/ of e-content: ne-reference database, such

13、 as：isi：sci，ssci，a&hci，biosis previewnfull-text dadabase, such as:proquest：abi/inform ，arl，pqdd(a) ，pqdd(fulltext)http:/ is the copyright holder of e-content? nas a principle of chinese copyright law, copyright belongs to the author. according to article 11, the copyright of a work shall belong

14、to its author, unless otherwise provided in the law. the author of a work is the person who has created the work. when a work is created according to the intention and under the supervision and responsibility of a legal entity or other organization, such legal entity or organization shall be deemed

15、to be the author of the work. nthe citizen, legal entity or other organization whose name is mentioned in connection with a work shall, in the absence of proof to the contrary, be deemed to be the author of the work. nthe copyright holder of the print material and its digital format is the same. the

16、re are no fundamental differences between the two. in chinese copyright law, there are no additional rules which separate the belonging of the copyright of the print or digital material; therefore, when the copyright and the permission of use is not transferred, the person who creates the work or th

17、e legal entity or organization who is responsible for the work is the copyright holder of the work. article 12 reads: “where a work is created by adaptation, translation, annotation or arrangement of a preexisting work, the copyright in the work thus created shall be enjoyed by the adapter, translat

18、or, annotator or arranger, provided that the exercise of such copyright shall not prejudice the copyright in the original work.” the digitization of print materials is a simple act of duplication, not a creative activity; therefore, it does not generate any new copyright.http:/ publishingnin 1994, s

19、everal chinese information technology companies began marketing electronic databases to serve chinese academic institutions, libraries, and government agencies. while initially focusing on cd-rom formats, chinese products followed larger market trends, user demand, and the growing accessibility of i

20、nformation technology by switching from cd-roms to internet access. within a single decade, the industry has witnessed rapid growth in both the number of companies and the variety of products. electronic databases, especially full-text databases of chinese publications, emerged like bamboo shoots af

21、ter a spring rain. all of chinas top universities and hundreds of smaller academic institutions throughout china began to subscribe to a wide array of new databases. an increasing number of american academic institutions have initiated or expanded their course offerings related to the study of asia.

22、 over 230 colleges and universities offer an undergraduate major in asian studies or east asian studies. (see yurong y. atwill 2005)ntsinghua tongfang optical disc company (ttod)nchongqing vip information consulting company (vip)nwanfang datahttp:/ of e-content: ne-reference database, such as：isi：sc

23、i，ssci，a&hci，biosis previewnfull-text dadabase, such as:proquest：abi/inform ，arl，pqdd(a) ，pqdd(fulltext)ne-fact databases:http:/ library collectionsnnlcnshanghai librarynprovincial librarynacademy librarynnrare booksnimagesnnewspapersnmagazinesnreference bookshttp:/ e-contentnstarted in 1997 sci

24、ence online ,36 consortia for different databasesnnational library consortianacademic library consortianspecial library consortianregional library consortiancooperated with 27 publishers/database vendors (proquest, ebsco, academic press, china infobank, iop, john wiley, kluwer, nature, rsc, isi, sci

25、ence, gale, ei, oclc, csa, ieee, elsevier, springer, acm, aip, aps,royal society, maney)ntotal：112 databasenreference databases（abstracts and index）:sci， ssci，ahci，ei，inspec，csa，oclc firstsearch，wosp（istp+isshp），biosis，pqddnfull-text databases arl，pqdd全文，abi，ase，asp，bse，bsp，iel，nfactual databases ge

26、nome database, china infobank, gale resource center, jcr, ne-journal science, nature, kluwer, elsevier, iop, rsc, springer, john wiley, ideal, aip, aps, acm, maney, royal societyne-book netlibraryn112 databasesn12，000 full-text e-journalsnmember libraries involved in:more than 5600 academic librarie

27、s,about 100 special librariesn and public librarieshttp:/ e-contentnconsortium organizers includesn national project e.g.:csdl,nstl,calisnregional project,e.g.:shanghai education network library,shanghai library,jiangsu academic library and information systemnfunding from the government and related

28、libraryhttp:/ cost declinesnduring the year 2003-2005,there are 31 university libraries each download pqdd over 40000 titles. download per paper cost from rmb 8.74 yan to rbm 6.06 yuan.(by yan yi, qinhua university)http:/ cost declineshttp:/ book spending downlibrary book spending downthe survey of

29、academic libraries, 2002 edition, shows that u.s. academic library purchases of print resources are down precipitously:6 percent from 2000 to 2001, and 8 percent in 2002.(against the grain, nov. 2002.)http:/ book spending downnrick anderson, university of nevada, reno, believes that five years from

30、now “research journals will be published almost entirely online.” (against the grain, sept. 2002.)n large scientific publishers have primary titles onlinein 1994, fewer than 75 peer-reviewed, electronic journals existed. in 1998, 30 percent of titles cited in science citation index were online. in 2

31、002, 75 percent of journals cited in science citation index, and 63 percent of journals cited in social sciences citation index were available electronically. (library journal, apr. 15, 2002.) by oclc 2004http:/ expanding eprint archives expandingone prominent example,arxivnscholarly articles access

32、iblestevan harnad observedntheses & dissertations digital electronic theses & dissertations increasing more college courses availableaccording to resultsndigital project wordwide:ndigitization projectshttp:/ expandingnwidespread involvement in digitization projectsncommercial digitization ex

33、pandingnnational digitization growingnstate and local projects increasingngoogle ,yahoonother http:/ e-journal increased quicklyhttp:/ copyright special from the view of copyright ownerncopyright has always been a tension between owners and usersnmachine readable materials pose particular problems f

34、or copyright ownersneasier to be copiednhigh qualityneasily sent to many other peoplenlow cost copyingndifficulty in policing such actionsndifferent countries have different rules and traditions regarding copyrighthttp:/ the view of enforcementnlawnevidencenjurisdictionncross board or regionhttp:/ t

35、he view of librarynpublic access to informationnincrease in powers of rights owners and a decrease in the ability of users to gain access to materialsnfair use of contentneasy to infringing copyrightntechnology measure and right managementhttp:/ the view of librarynbalance between copyright and publ

36、ic goodnlibraries use e-content purchased nprotect copyrightnprotect libraryhttp:/ copyright holders of the printed materials and their digital content are same onenthe digitization of print materials is a simple act of duplication, and it does not generate new copyright.nthere are no fundamental di

37、fferences between the two types of copyrightsnplease reference to 2003 interpretation by the supreme peoples court, art.2 and 3http:/ strategies: general some crucial areas librarians should look for in the contracts to ensure that those e-resources purchased can be used to support activities of reg

38、ular teaching and research needs at the library. to avoid of the risk of copyright infringement, the library should take the following measures:nto uphold the position of copyright protectionn select publishers with good reputation. in general, large size publisher, or publisher with long history, a

39、nd academic research institutions are compliant with copyright lawnpay attention to recently publicized copyright disputes, and avoid products published by the parties involved.nuse proper channels of acquisitionninclude copyright warranty clause in the license agreement or purchase contracthttp:/ s

40、trategies:licencenlicense as business decision, are negotiablenthere is no universal list of deal breakersnwhat is acceptable can vary even for one institutionnpurchase decision amounts to weighing risks vs. valuehttp:/ attention should be paid to the following three clausesnthe definition of author

41、ized users. try to define the authorized users based on your targeted library users such as currently enrolled students, faculty, and staff as well as walk-in patrons.nthe definition of authorized usage, such as browsing, preservation, downloading, printing out, number of simultaneous users, perpetu

42、al rights, uploading to the library server, the range of ip addresses, etc.nill and document delivery. some database publishers prohibit interlibrary loan and document delivery of electronic publications, to protect their profit. the library should specify the use of interlibrary loan and document d

43、elivery in the agreement to avoid the risk of copyright infringement. nwhether licensee is allowed to charge a fee from walk-in patrons for offering access to the database. nwhether licensee is allowed to distribute documents retrieved from databases to customers and to charge a fee for such documen

44、t delivery. nwhether licensee is allowed to print, download, and distribute (in any form, including, but not limited to: printed, electronically relayed, posted to user restricted list services or user restricted bulletin boards, or magnetically stored). nwhether licensee is allowed to download the

45、complete database for digital preservation purposes. http:/ strategies: licencenreflection of fair usengoal is to limit your responsibility to “reasonable efforts” nbe sure licensor states right to license and/or copyright ownershipnavoid indemnifying the licensor (especially in cases involving inte

46、llectual property infringement)http:/ strategiesnask for exception to cap on liability for damages in cases involving infringementnbe sure you can actually provide security levels requestednwatch for unrealistic late payment feesnbe sure termination is for a serious breach; ask for a cure periodhttp

47、:/ strategiesnbe sure there is an authorized countersignaturenavoid non-disclosure statementsnbe sure no other documents outside license are incorporated into agreementnwatch out for hidden click-through licenses that may differ from signed licensenavoid vague/ill-defined termsnavoid administrative burdens or requirements that woul