高中名詞性從句ppt課件

1、1Grammar Noun Clauses名詞性從句名詞性從句2Noun Clausessubjective clause主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句objective clause賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句predicative clause表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句appositive clause同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句3名詞性從句名詞性從句相當(dāng)于名詞相當(dāng)于名詞, ,可分別作主句的主語(yǔ)、可分別作主句的主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)。因此表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)。因此, ,名詞性從句可名詞性從句可分為主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句和分為主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句。同位語(yǔ)從句。1. What it was to become

2、was a mystery.2. I dont know who will help Henry to win the bet.3. His trouble is that he doesnt know anybody in London.4. The fact that ships can go there surprises many people.主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句4引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞 連接詞連接詞 that ： 無(wú)實(shí)義，不充當(dāng)從句的任何成分無(wú)實(shí)義，不充當(dāng)從句的任何成分; ;從句完整；從句完整； 除部分賓語(yǔ)從句可

3、省略，其他名詞性從句中均除部分賓語(yǔ)從句可省略，其他名詞性從句中均 不可省略不可省略; ;不可以與不可以與whichwhich（哪個(gè)）互換。（哪個(gè)）互換。 e.g. His trouble is that he doesnt know anybody in London. Which team will win the match is unknown.52.連接詞連接詞 whether, if ： 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句都意為引導(dǎo)名詞性從句都意為 “是否是否”。在賓語(yǔ)從句中有時(shí)可互換。但介詞后用。在賓語(yǔ)從句中有時(shí)可互換。但介詞后用whether引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo) 或或whether or not。在主語(yǔ)從句，表

4、語(yǔ)從句在主語(yǔ)從句，表語(yǔ)從句,同位語(yǔ)從句中不能用同位語(yǔ)從句中不能用if. e.g. He didnt know whether he was ready or not.63. 連接代詞連接代詞: what, whatever, who, whoever, whom,whose, which（哪個(gè)）：（哪個(gè)）： 不僅起到連接一個(gè)句子的作用不僅起到連接一個(gè)句子的作用, ,同時(shí)也是從句的一個(gè)組成部分；從句不完整，缺成同時(shí)也是從句的一個(gè)組成部分；從句不完整，缺成份。份。 e.g. Whoever breaks the law will be punished.74. 連接副詞連接副詞: when, wh

5、ere, how, why 從句完整，有疑問從句完整，有疑問 e.g. I wonder why he was absent.5.連詞連詞 as if, because 只用在表語(yǔ)從句中。只用在表語(yǔ)從句中。 e.g. That is because he was ill.81. 賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句 賓語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中起賓語(yǔ)作用賓語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中起賓語(yǔ)作用,可以可以 作作動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，也可以作的賓語(yǔ)，也可以作介詞介詞或或形容詞形容詞 的賓語(yǔ)。的賓語(yǔ)。91. 作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)e.g. She did not know _ had happened.動(dòng)詞間接賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)從句動(dòng)詞間接賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)從句e

6、.g. She told me _ she would accept my invitation.2. 作介詞的賓語(yǔ)作介詞的賓語(yǔ)e.g. Im interested in _ he did._ he did it.whatthatwhatwhy/when/how/whether10.3. 作形容詞的賓語(yǔ)作形容詞的賓語(yǔ)e.g. I am afraid that Ive made a mistake.that 引導(dǎo)的從句常跟在下列形容詞后作賓語(yǔ)：引導(dǎo)的從句常跟在下列形容詞后作賓語(yǔ)：anxious, certain, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surpr

7、ised, worried, sorry, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, satisfied, content 等。等。114. It 可以作為形式賓語(yǔ)可以作為形式賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)+it +賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)+that +賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句常見的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是常見的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是 consider, find, make, regard, see, take, think.e.g. We find it necessary that we practise speaking English every day.12賓語(yǔ)從句須注意賓語(yǔ)從句須注意1

8、) 由疑問詞引導(dǎo)的從句中由疑問詞引導(dǎo)的從句中, 詞序按陳述句詞序按陳述句 順序排列。順序排列。 e.g. I wonder what he is doing.注意：注意：I wonder what was wrong /the matter with him.2)當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是過去時(shí)的時(shí)候當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是過去時(shí)的時(shí)候, , 從句的從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)。自然規(guī)律和客觀謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)。自然規(guī)律和客觀真理例外。真理例外。133)連詞連詞when 和和if 在名詞性從句和狀語(yǔ)從句中在名詞性從句和狀語(yǔ)從句中 的時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài) I wonder when he _ (come) ba

9、ck. Ill tell him the truth when he _ (come) back. I wonder if he _ (come) back. Ill tell him the truth if he _ (come) back.will come comeswill comecomes144) That在其他名詞性從句中均不可省略，只有在賓語(yǔ)從句中在其他名詞性從句中均不可省略，只有在賓語(yǔ)從句中that有時(shí)可以省略，但有時(shí)可以省略，但在并列的賓語(yǔ)從句中第二個(gè)在并列的賓語(yǔ)從句中第二個(gè)that 不可省略。不可省略。 e.g. He said (that) he would leav

10、e and that he would never come back again.15does it?They dont believe I am right,do they?5) 否定的轉(zhuǎn)移否定的轉(zhuǎn)移若主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為若主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, 等等, 其后的賓語(yǔ)其后的賓語(yǔ)從句若含有否定意義從句若含有否定意義, 一般要把否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到一般要把否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語(yǔ)上主句謂語(yǔ)上, 從句謂語(yǔ)用肯定式。從句謂語(yǔ)用肯定式。e.g. I /we dont think this dress fits you

11、 Well,16e.g. I suggested (that) he (should) take a good rest. Do you advise where she go for a trip in China?6) 表示表示“建議建議”或或“命令命令”的詞有的詞有: suggest, propose, insist, desire, demand, request, order, command, ask, advise等，它們的等，它們的賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣用虛擬語(yǔ)氣, 結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)為為: +(that)+主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+(should) do (should 可省可省)。171一一Wh

12、at did your parents think about your decision? 一一They always let me do_ I think I should A.when Bthat Chow Dwhat2. We havent settled the question of_it is necessary for him to study abroad A.if B. where Cwhether D. what DC182.表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中跟在系動(dòng)詞后起表語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中跟在系動(dòng)詞后起表語(yǔ)作用。表語(yǔ)作用。e.g. He looks as if he w

13、as/were going to cry.19注意：注意：1. 如果引出表語(yǔ)從句的名詞是一些如果引出表語(yǔ)從句的名詞是一些表示表示“建議建議”或者是或者是“命令命令”之類的詞如之類的詞如advice, suggestion, proposal, order, plan, idea等等, 那么從句中的動(dòng)詞通常用那么從句中的動(dòng)詞通常用 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+（should） +動(dòng)詞原形。動(dòng)詞原形。 e.g. My advice is that he have a rest.2.句型：句型：This/That/It is because + 表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句3. The reason why is that +表

14、語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句201.Tom is no longer _ he used to be.2.The question is _ of us should come first.3.The problem is _ is really fit for the hard job.4.The important thing is _ name should be put on the top of the list.whatwhichwhowhose213. 主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句 1.1.主語(yǔ)從句是在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)的從句主語(yǔ)從句是在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)的從句通常放在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前或由形式主語(yǔ)通常放在主句

15、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前或由形式主語(yǔ) it it 代替代替, ,而本身放在句子末尾。而本身放在句子末尾。e.g. That we need more equipment is obvious. or: It is obvious that we need more equipment.222.It 用作形式主語(yǔ)的句子常出現(xiàn)于下列句型中：用作形式主語(yǔ)的句子常出現(xiàn)于下列句型中： 1) It is +adj. +that(e.g. natural/strange etc.)2) It is + n. (e.g. a shame/pity, no wonder, a fact) +that 3) It is +

16、said/reported/known/believed/ suggested/ proved + that4) It seems/appears that似乎似乎 It happens that碰巧碰巧It occurs to sb that某人突然想到（不好的事情）某人突然想到（不好的事情）233.3.主語(yǔ)從句的主謂一致主語(yǔ)從句的主謂一致 主語(yǔ)是名詞性從句主語(yǔ)是名詞性從句, , 動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)形式。動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)形式。e.g. What I am most interested in is what he did.但：但： What we need/want/like are more b

17、ooks. is a book.241._she was able to come made us happy.2._ seems easy to some people seems difficult to others.3._ it will please them is not easy to say. ThatWhatWhether254. 同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句通常來說明前面的名詞的具體內(nèi)容通常來說明前面的名詞的具體內(nèi)容, 作這些名詞作這些名詞的同位語(yǔ)。前面的名詞常是的同位語(yǔ)。前面的名詞常是: fact, news, idea, hope, wish, promise, truth,

18、reason, suggestion, thought, question, doubt, conclusion, belief, fear, order, possibility, word(“消息消息”, 為不可數(shù)為不可數(shù)名詞名詞, 前面不加定冠詞前面不加定冠詞)。e.g. Word came that our team has won the match.26同位語(yǔ)從句與前面的名詞是同位關(guān)系，即說同位語(yǔ)從句與前面的名詞是同位關(guān)系，即說 明它前面名詞的內(nèi)容；而定語(yǔ)從句與前面的明它前面名詞的內(nèi)容；而定語(yǔ)從句與前面的 名詞是修飾與被修飾關(guān)系，即限定它前面的名詞是修飾與被修飾關(guān)系，即限定它前面的

19、 名詞范圍，或補(bǔ)充一些情況。如：名詞范圍，或補(bǔ)充一些情況。如： The news that I have passed the exam is true ( (同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句, ,即從句所表達(dá)的意思就是前面即從句所表達(dá)的意思就是前面 名詞的內(nèi)容名詞的內(nèi)容) ) The news that he told me just now is true( (定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句, ,從句對(duì)前面名詞起修飾限制作用從句對(duì)前面名詞起修飾限制作用, ,即即“他告訴我的他告訴我的”那個(gè)消息那個(gè)消息, ,而不是別的消息而不是別的消息) ) 27(that在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成份在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成份) )(that

20、在從句中作在從句中作gave 的賓語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ))2. 引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句的that是連詞，在從句中不充當(dāng)是連詞，在從句中不充當(dāng) 任何成份，不可省略。而引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的任何成份，不可省略。而引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的that是是關(guān)系代詞，除起連接作用外，還在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、關(guān)系代詞，除起連接作用外，還在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)等，充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。如：賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)等，充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。如： The idea that computers can recognize human voicessurprises many people. The idea （that/which） he gave surp

21、rises many people28連詞連詞“that”引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別引導(dǎo)從句引導(dǎo)從句that從句中的從句中的作用作用可否省略可否省略同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句連接詞連接詞不擔(dān)任成分不擔(dān)任成分不省略不省略定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略時(shí)可省略291.I have no idea _ he is doing.2.I didnt agree with the idea _ he put forward.3. I have no idea _ he is going.what(Which/that)when/how/

22、why/where/whether30 4. I have some doubt _ he is telling the truth. 5.I have no doubt _ he is telling the truth. 6. Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class_he had to meet his uncle at the airport .whetherthatthat311. 名詞性從句的語(yǔ)序名詞性從句的語(yǔ)序 (陳述句語(yǔ)序陳述句語(yǔ)序)；2. 幾對(duì)重要關(guān)連詞的區(qū)別幾對(duì)重要關(guān)連詞的區(qū)別: whetherif

23、, whatthat, whatwhatever, whowhoever, etc;3. it 用作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)代替主語(yǔ)從句用作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)代替主語(yǔ)從句 或賓語(yǔ)從句；或賓語(yǔ)從句；4. 根據(jù)具體情景選用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)聯(lián)詞。根據(jù)具體情景選用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)聯(lián)詞。高考考查熱點(diǎn)高考考查熱點(diǎn)32根據(jù)例句根據(jù)例句, 討論：討論：1) whether if 的區(qū)別的區(qū)別Please tell me_you will go to the lectures tomorrow.It all depends on _ the sky will clear up.The question is _ the film i

24、s well worth seeing._ it is true remains a problem.whether/ifwhetherwhetherWhether332) whatthat的區(qū)別的區(qū)別1.I think _ it is necessary for me to speak louder.2.His mother is satisfied with _ he has done.3._ he was able to come made us happy.4.This is _makes us interested.5.The reason was _Tod had never se

25、en the million-pound note before.(that)whatThatwhatthat343) whowhoeverno matter who; whatwhatever no matter what的區(qū)別的區(qū)別1. will attend the meeting hasnt been decided yet.2.I believe takes part in the competition will try his best.3.Can you tell me you would like to order?4. happens, dont be surprised.5.All the food here is delicious. Just order _ you like.6.You must obey the rule _ you are.WhowhoeverwhatWhatever/No matter whatwhateverNo matter who/ Whoever35名詞性從句名詞性從句讓步狀語(yǔ)從句讓步狀語(yǔ)從句who whoeverno matter whowhatwhateverno matter wha