過(guò)去分詞用法ppt

1、過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞 past participle p 課題策劃： guan目錄1 1、謂語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)* *2 2、表語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)3 3、定語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)4 4、狀語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)5 5、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)謂謂 語(yǔ)語(yǔ)*“have + “have + 過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞” ” 完成時(shí)完成時(shí)/ /非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí) 我已經(jīng)看過(guò)這個(gè)電影了 i have seen this film already. 你看見(jiàn)我的包了么？ have you seen my bag?“be + “be + 過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞” ” 被動(dòng)被動(dòng)/ /非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng) 孩子們被照顧得很好 the children w

2、ere well looked after表表 語(yǔ)語(yǔ) 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ) 主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)實(shí)意動(dòng)詞實(shí)意動(dòng)詞（半）系動(dòng)詞半）系動(dòng)詞表表 語(yǔ)語(yǔ)1. v-ed 放在系動(dòng)詞（be, get, feel, seem, look, become)之后做表語(yǔ)，表示性質(zhì)，特征，狀態(tài)。 主要表示動(dòng)作的完成和狀態(tài)，相當(dāng)于adj.我的心碎了。my heart is broken.玻璃被jack打碎了the glass was broken by jack.門(mén)仍然鎖著。the door remained locked.表表 語(yǔ)語(yǔ)be+v-ed 表狀態(tài) v-ed相當(dāng)于adj.the shop is closed now

3、.the window is broken.the town is surrounded by hills.v-ed 表動(dòng)作（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)） it was broken by timit usually closed at 8 pm.it will be completed next spring.2. 表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ) vs. 被動(dòng)被動(dòng)表表 語(yǔ)語(yǔ)3. 當(dāng)人做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，用v-ed做表語(yǔ)，表主語(yǔ)的思想感情。當(dāng)我們聽(tīng)到這個(gè)故事的時(shí)候， 我們被深深的感動(dòng)了。 when we heard of the story, we were deeply moved. 表表 語(yǔ)語(yǔ)4. 某些v-ed并非過(guò)去分詞，而是由n. 變

4、化而來(lái)的adj. 為此我自感羞愧 i am ashamed of myself for it.作為一個(gè)藝術(shù)家，她很有天賦。 as an artist, she is quite gifted.定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ) 不及物不及物 v-ed v-ed 作定語(yǔ)，表作定語(yǔ)，表動(dòng)作已完成動(dòng)作已完成。 被動(dòng)落葉 fallen leaves 退休的老師 a retired teacher升起的太陽(yáng) risen sun 及物及物v-ed v-ed 作定語(yǔ)，表作定語(yǔ)，表被被動(dòng)動(dòng)或或已完成的被動(dòng)已完成的被動(dòng)。一位受尊敬的客人 an honored guest一個(gè)分裂的國(guó)家 a divided country. .定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)2.

5、 v-ed 作定語(yǔ)，一般在被修飾詞之前。 the broken clock should be repaired as soon as possible. 但也有個(gè)別v-ed 習(xí)慣后置。 there is little time left. i want to change the material used.定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)3. 被修飾詞是由 不定代詞every/ some/ any/no + thing/ body 所構(gòu)成的，v-ed后置。例：有人受傷嗎？is anybody injured?定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)4. v-ed 短語(yǔ)做（后置）定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句he is reading a novel wr

6、itten by lu xun.he is reading a novel (which was) written by lu xun.v-ed 短語(yǔ)做非限制性定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于非限制性定語(yǔ)從句the books, written by lu xun， are popular with many chinese people.the books, which was written by lu xun， are popular with many chinese people定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)5. v-ed作定語(yǔ)時(shí)三種時(shí)態(tài) the building built last year is very beauti

7、ful. the building big built will be completed next month. the building to be built will be a hospital. (已發(fā)生）（正在發(fā)生）（將來(lái)時(shí)）狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)1. v-ed作狀語(yǔ)，表被動(dòng)或完成的動(dòng)作。 written in a hurry, the article was not so good! 不及物v-ed不表被動(dòng)，只表完成。 fallen leaves 有些v-ed來(lái)源于系表結(jié)構(gòu)，作狀語(yǔ)不表被動(dòng)而表主動(dòng):lost, seat, hidden, stationed, born, lost/absorb

8、ed in, dressed in, tired ofeg: lost in deep thought, he didnt hear the sound. born in this beautiful town, he hates to leave it.狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)2. v-ed 作狀語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ) = 主句主語(yǔ)時(shí)， 應(yīng)注意人稱(chēng)一致。 _ the earth to be flat, many feared that columbus would fall off the edge. _ from the hills, the city looks beautiful.believingseen狀

9、語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)2. v-ed 作狀語(yǔ)，前面再加邏輯主語(yǔ)，主句的主語(yǔ)不再是分局句邏輯主語(yǔ)，這種帶主語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞叫做_ the signal given, the bus started. _有時(shí)也用 “with/without + n.+分詞” 表示伴隨狀況。 例：他們安靜地坐在那里，眼睛盯著湖面。 they sat there silently, with their eyes fixed on the lake. the thief was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)3. v

10、-ed 做時(shí)間、原因、條件，讓步或伴隨狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于相應(yīng)的狀語(yǔ)從句。時(shí)間：seen from the hill, the city looks beautiful. _ , the city looks beautiful.條件：given another chance, he will do better. _ , he will do better.原因：_, tom didnt know what to do. because he was surprised at what happened, tom didnt know 讓步：_, i wont take part in the pa

11、rty. even if i am invited, i wont take part in the party.伴隨：the scientist entered into the lab,_. the scientist entered into the lab, with his assistant followed him.when it is seen from the hillif he is given another chance surprised at what happenedeven if invitedfollowed by his assistant狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)4. 狀語(yǔ)

12、從句改過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，有時(shí)保留連詞，構(gòu)成“連詞+過(guò)去分詞” while，when，once，until，if，thougheg: when given a medial examination, you should keep calm.狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ) 5. 過(guò)去分詞可以放到主句前，做句首狀語(yǔ)，后面用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)； 也可以放到主句后面，前面用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。 they sat there silently, with their eyes fixed on the lake. with their eyes fixed on the lake, they sat there silently.賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（賓補(bǔ)

13、）賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) vs. 雙賓語(yǔ)雙賓語(yǔ) he bought a dog from the pet clinic, and named it jayson. i shall give you a dog. 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：用來(lái)說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)，與賓語(yǔ)形成主謂關(guān)系。形式：“主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)”he bought a dog from the pet clinic, and named it jayson. we call her sister li 雙賓語(yǔ)：有些及物動(dòng)詞可以接兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ),即指人的間接賓語(yǔ)和指物的直接賓語(yǔ), 形式：“主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)”i shall give you a d

14、og.my parents bought me a computer.賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) vs. 雙賓語(yǔ)雙賓語(yǔ)it is jayson.she is sister li賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)1. 表感覺(jué)，心理狀態(tài)感官動(dòng)詞（see, watch, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, observe, think, find）+ v-ed 作賓補(bǔ)，表被動(dòng)。例：我剛剛看到一個(gè)老人被車(chē)撞倒了。i saw an old man knocked down by a car just now.* see sb./ sth. done 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)2. 表“

15、使讓”使役動(dòng)詞（let, make, get, keep, leave, have) + v-ed, 表使讓。it was so cold that the driver couldnt get the car started. the news really made me disappointed. * make sb./sth. do make sb./sth. done賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) have/get + 賓語(yǔ)+ 過(guò)去分詞（賓補(bǔ)）主動(dòng)請(qǐng)別人做某事他想去剪頭發(fā)he wants to have his hair cut.主語(yǔ)遭遇某種情況他在打籃球的時(shí)候傷到了胳膊。he had/got

16、 his arm injured while playing basketball.普通被動(dòng)含義 “使得 被”我們要在春節(jié)前把墻刷完。we are going to have/get the wall painted before spring festival.賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) 3. 表“希望”、“要求”、“命令” 等 如 like, want, wish, order例：我可不想我的女兒天黑以后被帶出去i dont want my daughter to be taken out after dark.* want to do sth. want sb./ sth. done (被動(dòng)）賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) (to) v./ v-ing/ v-ed 作賓補(bǔ)的區(qū)別i saw him take away the book just now.i saw him taking away the book on the desk.i saw the book taken away by a child.i saw you blamed.主動(dòng)（