新概念2第65課JumboVersusPolice

1、 -周艷林 Lesson65 Jumbo versus the police ContentWarming-up New words Key structureText studySentence studyPhrasesGrammar ExerciseReviewingWarming-up questionsWhat are your guesses of the text content when you first saw the title?Have you ever been versus with your friends or families? Whats for? How a

2、bout the results?3. Do you know some traditional Christmas customs? What are they? Do you observe Christmas?Listen and then answer the questions:1.Who is Jimmy gates?2.What did he decide to do last Christmas?3.Who did he dress up as?4.Who was in his guard of honour?5. What was he riding?6. Was Jumbo

3、 arrested or not?1.A circus owner.2.To take some presents to a childrens hospital.3. As Father Christmas.4.Six pretty girls.5.A baby elephant.6. no. because he had a good record, the police let him off this time.預(yù)習(xí)檢測(cè)：根據(jù)句意填單詞1 1. He dressed himself up as Father _.2. 2. At present, the _ problem for h

4、im is to find a job.3. 3. To tell you the truth, I dont _ with you at all.4. 4. She has received his birthday _, but she will not accept it.ChristmasmainagreepresentNew wordsVersus v:ss prep.對(duì),對(duì)抗Christmas krisms n.圣誕節(jié)Circuss:ks n.馬戲團(tuán) Present preznt n.禮物Accompany kmpni v.陪伴，隨行Approach prt vt. 接近， 靠近O

5、ught :t modal verb應(yīng)該Fortunate f:tnit adj.幸運(yùn)的weigh wei v.重versus prep. 對(duì)；與.相對(duì)；對(duì)抗 (競(jìng)賽、訴訟中)以為對(duì)手，對(duì)：Todays football match is France versus Brazil.今天的足球賽是法國(guó)隊(duì)對(duì)巴西隊(duì)。與比較；與相對(duì)：They argued about traveling by train versus traveling by plane.他們爭(zhēng)論乘火車旅行好還是坐飛機(jī)旅行好。Christmas Observed by: Christians, many non-Christians

6、Significance: Traditional commemoration of the birth of JesusObservances: Church services, gift giving, family and other social gatherings, symbolic decoratingDate: December 25 Western Christianity and some Eastern churches; secular worldOthers: Christmas Eve(Dec.25)2. Christmas N. 圣誕節(jié)有雪圣誕節(jié) a white

7、Christmas無(wú)雪圣誕節(jié) a green Christmas在圣誕節(jié)： at Christmas 圣誕歌：Christmas carol圣誕卡：Christmas card圣誕老人：Santa Claus； Father christmas圣誕樹：Christmas tree圣誕節(jié)前夕：Christmas Eve愚人節(jié)： April Fools Day感恩節(jié)： Thanksgiving DayRoast Turkey 火雞Candy 糖果Chimney 煙囪Fireplace 壁爐Poinsettia 圣誕紅Manger 馬槽Wreath 花環(huán)Cellophane 玻璃紙Pumpkin p

8、ie 番瓜餅Circus N. 馬戲團(tuán)；馬戲表演circus wagon 大篷車；（馬戲團(tuán)的）大篷車circus act 馬戲節(jié)目a circus clown 馬戲雜技團(tuán)小丑run a circus 演馬戲雜技 owner：N.物主，所有人the owner of 的主人 我是這輛小汽車的主人。 I am the owner of the car. own adj. 自己的 on ones own 獨(dú)自 of ones own 屬于某人自己的Present1. N. 禮物；現(xiàn)在He gave her a beautiful present. 他送她一件漂亮的禮物。There is no tim

9、e like the present. 機(jī)不可失,時(shí)不再來(lái)。2.adj. 現(xiàn)在的；出席的How many people were present at the meeting? 到會(huì)的有多少人?Im not at all satisfied with the present situation. 我對(duì)目前的情況一點(diǎn)都不滿意。3. v. prizent 贈(zèng)送Present the sword to heroes. 寶劍贈(zèng)英雄詞組at present 目前，現(xiàn)在present situation 現(xiàn)狀birthday present 生日禮物Accompany v陪同，陪伴;給.伴奏 panion

10、（1）vt. 陪同,伴隨He wished her to accompany him. 他希望她陪他。Follow 跟隨 chase 追趕 shadow 跟蹤 track/trail 循跡追尋（2）vt.隨著.發(fā)生,伴有 Lightning usually accompanies thunder. 電閃通常伴著雷聲。（3）使附有 He accompanied his speech with gestures. 他演講時(shí)附帶做著手勢(shì)。（4）為.伴奏,為伴唱The pianist accompanied her singing. 鋼琴家為她的歌唱伴奏。 Approach v.走近(1) 接近,靠近

11、come nearer and nearer The old man approaches 80 years old. 這個(gè)老人將近80歲了 He cautiously approached the house. 他小心地走近那房子approach sbEg：He is approaching me.他正向我逼近。（2）著手處理,開始對(duì)付He approached the question as a scientist. 他從科學(xué)家的角度來(lái)處理這一問題。（3）途徑，方法,方式;態(tài)度C(+to) I like her approach to the problem. 我喜歡她解決這個(gè)問題的方法。

12、ought modal verb應(yīng)該Ought to/ ought not to（1） (表示義務(wù)、責(zé)任等)應(yīng)當(dāng),應(yīng)該Students ought to study hard. 學(xué)生應(yīng)該努力用功。（2）(表示愿望)應(yīng)該,該You ought to read his novels. 你應(yīng)該讀讀他的小說。（3）(表示可能性、期望)該It ought to be a fine day tomorrow. 明天該是好天氣。（4）區(qū)別ought to do sth和should do sthshould：應(yīng)該（我認(rèn)為）ought to：應(yīng)該（義務(wù)上） You should knock at the do

13、or.You ought to knock at the door. Weigh v.重（1）v.稱.的重量,掂估.的分量He weighed the parcel by hand. 他用手估量那個(gè)包裹的重量。（2）vt.考慮;權(quán)衡(+against)They weighed the advantages and disadvantages before making the decision.他們權(quán)衡利弊之后才作出決定。Weigh ones words 斟酌此句，推敲（3）v.有.重量;稱起來(lái)LHow much do you weigh? 你體重多少?sbweigh體重（4）weight n

14、.重,重量;體重CUWhat is your weight? 你體重多少?lose weight 減肥Put on weight 增肥Fortunate adj.幸運(yùn)的（1）幸運(yùn)的,僥幸的+to-v(+in)+that It is fortunate that we can all meet tomorrow.我們明天都能見面了,真是幸運(yùn)。 Hes fortunate in having a good job.他真幸運(yùn),有份好工作。 I feel fortunate to have met them. 我覺得很幸運(yùn)能見到他們。（2）帶來(lái)幸運(yùn)的He came at a very fortunat

15、e time. 他來(lái)得恰是時(shí)候。 That is a fortunate start. 那是個(gè)良好的開端。lucky：有運(yùn)氣的，幸運(yùn)的【N.】fortune Fortune teller 算命先生Key structure情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 Must, have to, should, ought to 的用法Must/have toE.g. I must leave now (主觀意愿) I have to leave now (客觀，不得不) I missed the train, so I had to take a taxi.(1) must通常只用于_時(shí)和_時(shí)，其他時(shí)態(tài)則用have to代替。

16、_ 比 _往往更強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀的要求或外在的原因。翻譯：他昨天不得不呆在家里。（因?yàn)橄掠辏瑳]有辦法外出）_翻譯：你必須做完作業(yè)才能回家。You must finish your homework before going home.He had to stay at home yesterday.現(xiàn)在將來(lái)have tomust(2) should 和 ought to都可譯為“_”，表示義務(wù)、責(zé)任或某個(gè)正確的行為。 ought to比 should語(yǔ)氣略_些，多用于肯定句；疑問句與否定結(jié)構(gòu)則多用 _。 (3) should/ought to +have +過去分詞表示：過去_ 做（或完成）而_做(完

17、成)的事。其否定結(jié)構(gòu) shouldnt have done 表示 過去本不該做某事卻做了。 翻譯： You should have done your home work earlier. _ 在文章中找出兩句相似的句子并翻譯： 1_2_應(yīng)該強(qiáng)should應(yīng)該沒有你早前就應(yīng)該把作業(yè)做了。（含責(zé)備） He should have known that the police wouldHe ought to have gone along a side street Key structure(4) ought to have done 表示過去本應(yīng)該做某事卻未做。其否定結(jié)構(gòu) oughtnt to

18、 have done 表示 過去本不該做某事卻做了?！?5). need have done 表示過去本有必要做某事卻未做。其否定結(jié)構(gòu) neednt have done 表示 過去本沒必要做某事卻做了。(6). could (不能用 can) have done 表示過去本能夠做某事卻未做。 注意：其否定形式 couldnt have done 沒有虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法，couldnt have done 只能表推測(cè)，相當(dāng)于 cant have done，意為：過去不可能做了某事。(7). might (不能用 may) have done 表示過去本可以做某事卻未做。 注意：其否定形式 might

19、 not have done 沒有虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法，might not have done 只能表推測(cè)，相當(dāng)于 may not have done，意為：過去可能沒有做某事。Key structure拓展2表示推測(cè)句型 : may/must/cant have doneA. must have done表示對(duì)過去某事的肯定猜測(cè)，譯為：過去肯定做了某事。不存在 mustnt have done 的形式。其否定或疑問形式須用 can(could) 來(lái)表示. 例如： Since the road is wet, it must have rained last night. 既然路是濕的，那昨天晚上肯

20、定下雨了。 B. may / might have done may / might have done 表示過去可能做了某事。may 比 might 表示的可能性在說話人看來(lái)稍大些。may/might not have done表示過去可能沒有做某事。例如： I cant find my keys. I may / might have left them at the school yesterday. 我找不到我的鑰匙了。我可能昨天把他們落在學(xué)校了。注意：may/might have done表推測(cè)不能用于疑問句中。C. can/could have done 表推測(cè)一般用在否定句和疑問

21、句中，表示不相信或懷疑的態(tài)度。E.g. Can/Could he have passed the exam? 他可能通過了考試嗎？注：表示推測(cè)過去某動(dòng)作發(fā)生的可能性時(shí)，就表示的可能性程度而言，must 最大，could 其次，may 更次之，might 最小。例如： E.g. I wonder how Tom knew about your past. 我想知道湯姆是怎么知道你的過去的。exercises1. He (come) at 10 oclock if the plane arrives on time.2. I didnt go shopping this morning as I

22、(do) the house work.3. She (come) to see me yesterday, but she forget.4. You (ask) for permission before you left the table.5. As they didnt understand, (explain) everything again.Should/ought to comehad to doshould have come/ought to have comeShould have asked/ought to have asked I had to explainTe

23、xt studyJumbo versus the police 小象對(duì)警察 Last Christmas, the circus owner, Jimmy Gates, decided to take some presents to a Childrens hospital. 去年圣誕節(jié),馬戲團(tuán)老板吉米.蓋茨決定送些禮物給兒童醫(yī)院.take to：把.送到Bring from 從帶來(lái)Text studyDressed up as Father Christmas and accompanied by a guard of honour of six pretty girls, he set

24、off down the main street of the city riding a baby elephant called Jumbo.他打扮成圣誕老人,在由6個(gè)漂亮姑娘組成的“儀仗隊(duì)”的陪同下,騎上一頭名叫江伯的小象,沿著城里的主要街道出發(fā)了.dress up as：打扮成為+ 角色/職業(yè) dress up：打扮; 化妝Dress up in: 穿上+顏色/衣服辨析：dress/put on/pull on/have on/in/wearin 后接表示衣服或顏色的詞，它所構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)只能作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。 put on “穿上、戴上”，強(qiáng)調(diào)“穿”的動(dòng)作，后接衣服、鞋帽等。 pull on

25、“穿上”，帶有“匆忙”的意思 .have on 穿上，表示狀態(tài)（不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)）dress 的賓語(yǔ)通常是人，意思是“給穿衣服”。dress oneself ,get dressed表示給自己穿衣服。be dressed in 的意思是“穿著”，表示狀態(tài)。dress后不加衣服。wear “穿著；戴著”，表示狀態(tài)，賓語(yǔ)可以是衣帽，也可以是飾物、獎(jiǎng)?wù)碌?。Be accompanied by 在.的陪伴下E.g. When I saw her yesterday, she was accompanied by her boyfriend. 昨天我見到她時(shí)，她正由她的男朋友陪著。儀仗隊(duì) （ Guard of

26、 Honour ）：也叫貴族衛(wèi)隊(duì)（Noble Guard），是一支特殊的儀仗軍隊(duì)，其職責(zé)是保衛(wèi)國(guó)家首領(lǐng)和大會(huì)議議員的安全。Set off 動(dòng)身，出發(fā)The next morning, we set off. 次日上午我們出發(fā)了。Set off for work/set off on a tripSet off for work/set off on a trip1 1. . setset about about 開始：開始或出發(fā)開始：開始或出發(fā) Set about solving the problem. 著手解決問題2. set forth 2. set forth 提出：提出想法；建議提出

27、：提出想法；建議 Set forth a sound plan. 提出一個(gè)合理的計(jì)劃3. set up set up 開辦；建立；設(shè)立開辦；建立；設(shè)立 A fund will be set up for the orphans. 一項(xiàng)為孤兒設(shè)立的基金即將建立起來(lái)。Text study He, should have known that the police would never allow this sort of thing. A policeman approached Jimmy and told him he ought to have gone along a side-stre

28、et as Jumbo was holding up the traffic. 他本該知道警察絕不會(huì)允許這類事情發(fā)生.一個(gè)警察走過來(lái)告訴吉米,他應(yīng)該走一條小路,因?yàn)榻醋璧K了交通.Should have known 本應(yīng)知道（1）所有的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞have done都跟過去有關(guān)跟虛擬語(yǔ)氣有關(guān)的：would have done表示推測(cè)句型：may/must/cant have doneshould have done：原本該做但是沒做neednt have done：原本不必做但是做了 引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句since/because/as 引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句1. since引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句一般放于主句

29、之前表示已知的、 顯然的理由(通常被翻譯成“既然”)， 較為正式， 語(yǔ)氣比because弱。E.g. Since you are free today, you had better help me with my mathematics. 既然今天你休息， 你最好幫我補(bǔ)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)。注意： seeing (that)， now (that)， considering (that)， in that這幾個(gè)詞匯與since引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句意思相近， 都表示“既然”。E.g.: Seeing (that) he refused to help us, theres no reason that we

30、should now help him. 他既然曾經(jīng)拒絕幫助我們， 我們現(xiàn)在沒有理由要來(lái)幫助他。Now (that) you are grown up, you should not rely on your parents. 既然你長(zhǎng)大了， 就不應(yīng)該依靠你的父母了。Considering (that) everybody is here, lets begin our discussion. 既然大家都到了， 我們就開始討論吧。 In that he is ill, he feels unable to do it. 因?yàn)橛胁。?他覺得做不了那件事。since/because/as 引導(dǎo)的原

31、因狀語(yǔ)從句2. because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句一般放于主句之后， because表示直接原因， 語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)， 最適合回答 why引導(dǎo)的疑問句。E.g. I do it because I like it. 我做這件事是因?yàn)槲蚁矚g。注意： “not . because”結(jié)構(gòu)中的not否定的是because引導(dǎo)的整個(gè)從句E.g. The country is not strong because it is large. 國(guó)強(qiáng)不在大。3. as 引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)表示附帶說明的“雙方已知的原因”， 語(yǔ)氣比since弱， 較為正式， 位置較為靈活(常放于主句之前)。E.g.： As it is ra

32、ining, youd better take a taxi. 既然在下雨， 你最好乘出租汽車。 As you are tired, you had better rest. 既然累了， 你最好休息一下。 I went to bed early, as I was exhausted. 我睡得早， 因?yàn)槲医钇ＡΡM了。Hold up1. 1. 阻止，停頓，使延誤阻止，停頓，使延誤We were held up on our way to the airport in a traffic jam2. 2. 舉起，舉起， 拿起拿起I held up hand to show that I had a

33、 question3. 3. 搶劫搶劫Hold up a bank 搶劫銀行hold out 堅(jiān)持 hold in 制止,控制 隱瞞或抑制（感情）hold on用力抓住;堅(jiān)持.繼續(xù),堅(jiān)持.等待 hold the line/hang on 不掛斷，等一會(huì)兒hang up=ring off 掛斷Text studyThough Jimmy agreed to go at once, Jumbo refused to move. Fifteen policemen had to push very hard to get him off the main street. The police had

34、 a difficult time, but they were most amused. 雖然吉米同意馬上就走,但江伯卻拒絕移動(dòng).警察雖然吃了苦頭,但他們還是感到很有趣.1.Agree1.Agree to do sth to do sth 同意做某事E.g. We all agreed to start at once. 2.2.AgreeAgree thatthat 承認(rèn)，同意 E.g. He agreed that he should have been more careful.3.Agree3.Agree to+nto+n. 同意（某協(xié)議，安排） E.g. I agree to hi

35、s plan. 4.Agree 4.Agree on+ n. on+ n. 決定 E.g. we agreed on a plan. 我們商量后決定某一計(jì)劃5. Agree 5. Agree with with 與.一致e.g. his story agreed with the facts.Consent/approve/concede/compriseConsent/approve/concede/comprisethough / in spite of 盡管thoughalthough +句子in spite of +名詞代詞動(dòng)名詞 he had no he had no qualifi

36、cationsqualifications，he he got the jobgot the job having no having no qualifications qualifications ，he he got the jobgot the jobThoughThough In spite ofIn spite ofRefused Refused to to do sth do sth 拒絕做某拒絕做某事事Had to Had to 不得不，必須不得不，必須用于描述過去不得不做某事，只能用had to, 不用mustGet of f Get of f 1. 離開That grass

37、 is newly seeded, please get off! 那片草地是新種下的，請(qǐng)走開!2.下車，下去Excuse me, I have to get off at the next stop. 勞駕，我必須在下一站下車。Get on Get on 上車（船，飛機(jī)）上車（船，飛機(jī)）get back 返回，回去，回家 get to 到達(dá)get into 進(jìn)入；陷入；養(yǎng)成（習(xí)慣）；對(duì)感興趣get round傳播；傳開 get through 通過；度過；完成；接通（電話）get along / on well with sb./sth.與某人相處融洽；某事進(jìn)展順利get over恢復(fù)；克服

38、Text study “Jumbo must weigh a few tons,” said a policeman afterwards, “so it was fortunate that we didnt have to carry him. Of course, we should arrest him, but as he has a good record, we shall let him off this time.” “江伯一定有好幾噸重,”一個(gè)警察事后這樣說,“值得慶幸的是它沒讓我們抬它走.當(dāng)然,我們應(yīng)該逮捕它,但由于它一貫表現(xiàn)很好,這次我們饒了它.”Afterwards

39、adv.以后，后來(lái)soon afterwardsshortly afterwards 不久以后Arrest sb Arrest sb 拘捕拘捕Let off Let off 從輕發(fā)落，免去某件事從輕發(fā)落，免去某件事E.g. He let me off with a reprimand. 他把我訓(xùn)斥一頓就讓我過關(guān)了let alone 更不用說 let it go (或 pass) 不搭理 let down 放下，降低，使失望 let oneself go 率性而為 let go (of) 放開，松手 let out 放掉，發(fā)出 let 的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) be let to do但是通常用be allo

40、wed to do來(lái)代替let 的被動(dòng) My mother let me not play chess.被動(dòng)：I wasnt let to play chess by my mother.I wasnt allowed to play chess by my mother.(常用）詞組總結(jié)Dress up as 打扮成Be accompanied by 由.陪伴 a guard of honour 儀仗隊(duì)Set off 出發(fā)Should have known 本該知道Get off 離開Approach sb 接近某人A side street 一條小路Hold up 阻擋；攔截Agree to do 同意做At once 馬上，立刻Have a good record 表現(xiàn)好let sb off(go) : 讓某人走(離開)；饒恕Su