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1、ONE Compa ny Operati on and Man ageme nt第一單元公司運(yùn)作與管理1.1 Teamwork團(tuán)隊(duì)合作Teamwork團(tuán)隊(duì)合作，團(tuán)隊(duì)精神橫向企業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)Team-based以團(tuán)隊(duì)為根底的Horizontal ?h? r ?z a ntl ?h? r?z a ntl organization structureCorporate goals企業(yè)目標(biāo)Charter 規(guī)章，章程Be acco un table for對(duì)負(fù)有責(zé)任Creative inn ovati on創(chuàng)新改革，創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)造創(chuàng)新精神Reward system獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)制度Pay back回報(bào)，報(bào)償In dividua

2、lity個(gè)性In depe ndent thi nki ng獨(dú)立的思想Group decisi on-mak ing集體決策M(jìn)an agerial skill管理技能Coordi nate使協(xié)調(diào)，調(diào)整In terpers onal relati on ship人際關(guān)系Mutual trust相互信任Bring out the pote ntials充分發(fā)揮潛能Closely-k nit關(guān)系密切的Keep track of跟蹤，追蹤Time-c onsuming 花費(fèi)時(shí)間的Line ma nager 部門經(jīng)理，業(yè)務(wù)經(jīng)理與行政經(jīng)理相對(duì)Pre-buildi ng團(tuán)隊(duì)建設(shè)Nurture 培養(yǎng)，教育，開(kāi)

3、展 'n ?:t ? ?vt.養(yǎng)冃；培冃，培養(yǎng)n.教養(yǎng),培育Nurture team dyn amicsdai' n?miks 培養(yǎng)團(tuán)隊(duì)活力Promote pr ?'m?ut team spirit 提倡團(tuán)隊(duì)精神Drive team success 驅(qū)使團(tuán)隊(duì)成功Mi ni mize 'mi nimaiz將減少到最少，最小化In hibit i n'hibit約束，抑止Liven 'la ? v?n up 使有生氣Training session 'se? ?n 場(chǎng)訓(xùn)練，培訓(xùn)課期Rafting 'ra :fti ?漂流Rock cl

4、imbi ng 攀巖Teammate 隊(duì)友Impact影響，效果Complementary ,k ? mpl?'ment ?ri:,-tri:補(bǔ)充的，互補(bǔ)的Revitalize ri:'va ? tl,a ? z使新生，給予新的活力Trait treit個(gè)人性格方面的特征，顯著的特點(diǎn)Commitment k ?'mitm ?nt敬業(yè)精神In terpers onal com muni cati on skills人際交際技能，亦作 in terpers onal skillsAddress 處理事情How to Make Teams Effective如何組建精銳的團(tuán)隊(duì)

5、People in every workplace talk about building the team, working as a team, and my team, but few understandhow to create the experie nee of teamwork or how to develop an effective team.在各種工作場(chǎng)合，人們都在談?wù)搱F(tuán)隊(duì)建設(shè)、團(tuán)隊(duì)合作、自己的團(tuán)隊(duì)，但是卻很少有人真正理解如何體驗(yàn)團(tuán)隊(duì)合作以及如何組建一支精銳的團(tuán)隊(duì)。Belonging to a team, in the broadest sense, is a resu

6、lt of feeling part of something larger than yourself.屬于一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)，就是體驗(yàn)自己成為比自己更大的團(tuán)體的一局部。It has a lot to do with your un dersta nding of the missi on or objectives of your orga ni zati on.這在很大程度上與你對(duì)企業(yè)任務(wù)和目標(biāo)的理解有關(guān)。In a team-orie nted environment, you con tribute to the overall success of the orga ni zati on.在以

7、團(tuán)隊(duì)為導(dǎo)向的環(huán)境里，你要為企業(yè)的全面成功做出自己的奉獻(xiàn)。You work with fellow members of the orga ni zati on to produce these results.Even though you have a specific job function and you belong to a specific department, you are unified with other organization members to accomplish the overall objectives. 即使你屬于某個(gè)工作部門，有著具體工作職責(zé)，你仍

8、然要與其他同事團(tuán)結(jié)一致去實(shí)現(xiàn)這些總體目標(biāo)。The bigger picture drives your actions; your function exists to serve the bigger picture. 你的行動(dòng)受到企業(yè)更大目標(biāo)的驅(qū)使，你的職責(zé)效勞于企業(yè)更大的目標(biāo)。Therefore, executives, managers, and organization staff members universallyexplore ways to improve businessresults and profitability.因而，行政主管、經(jīng)理以及組織的普通員工無(wú)不對(duì)提高企

9、業(yè)績(jī)效和盈利能力的方法進(jìn)行探討。Many view team-based, Horizontal?h? r?z a ntl organizationstructures as the best design for involvingall employees in creating business success. 許多人認(rèn)為，讓全體員工參與、為企業(yè)成功共同努力的最好策略是采取以團(tuán)隊(duì)為根底的橫向企業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)。Successful team building requires attention to each of the followingTwelve Cs .成功的團(tuán)隊(duì)建設(shè)要遵循以下 12

10、 條建議：Clear expectations:Do team members understand why the team was created?明確目標(biāo)：團(tuán)隊(duì)成員是否明確團(tuán)隊(duì)組建的目的？Context: Can team members define their team's importance to the accomplishment of corporate goals?組建背景：團(tuán)隊(duì)成員是否明確團(tuán)隊(duì)對(duì)于實(shí)現(xiàn)企業(yè)目標(biāo)的重要性？Commitment: Do team members perceive their service as valuable to the org

11、anization and to their own careers? 敬業(yè)精神：團(tuán)隊(duì)成員是否認(rèn)識(shí)到團(tuán)隊(duì)對(duì)于企業(yè)以及對(duì)自身事業(yè)的成功都很重要？Competence: Does the team feel that its members have the knowledge, skill, and capability to address the issues for which the team was formed?團(tuán)隊(duì)能力：團(tuán)隊(duì)是否感知其成員擁有應(yīng)對(duì)種種問(wèn)題的知識(shí)、技能和實(shí)際能力？而團(tuán)隊(duì)組建的目的就是為了解決這些問(wèn) 題。Charter: Has the team taken its a

12、ssigned area of responsibility and designed its own mission, vision, and strategies to accomplish the mission?團(tuán)隊(duì)規(guī)章：團(tuán)隊(duì)是否明確自己的職責(zé)范圍并規(guī)劃出自己的目標(biāo)、遠(yuǎn)景和對(duì)策以完成使命？Control: Do team members hold each other accountable for project timelines, commitments, and results? 內(nèi)部控制：團(tuán)隊(duì)成員是否對(duì)工程時(shí)間安排、應(yīng)承當(dāng)?shù)牧x務(wù)和結(jié)果等共同負(fù)有責(zé)任？Communication

13、: Do team members communicate clearly and honestly with each other? 內(nèi)部溝通：團(tuán)隊(duì)成員之間能否明確、老實(shí)地進(jìn)行相互溝通？Creative Innovation:Does the team value creative thinking, unique solutions, and new ideas?創(chuàng)新改革：團(tuán)隊(duì)是否注重鼓勵(lì)創(chuàng)新思維、獨(dú)特的解決方法和新的想法？Consequences: Is the organization designing reward systems that recognize both team

14、and individual performance?結(jié)果影響：團(tuán)隊(duì)是否制定獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)制度來(lái)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)團(tuán)隊(duì)以及個(gè)人的工作表現(xiàn)？Coordination: Are teams coordinated by a central leadership that assists the groups to obtain what they need for success?協(xié)調(diào)配合 : 團(tuán)隊(duì)是否有領(lǐng)導(dǎo)核心來(lái)協(xié)調(diào)工作、幫助各小組取得成功？Cultural Change: Does the organization recognize thatthe more it can change its climate to

15、 support teams,the more it will receive in pay back from the work of the teams? 改良文化：企業(yè)是否認(rèn)識(shí)到越是通過(guò)改變企業(yè)氣氛來(lái)支持團(tuán)隊(duì)的工作，就越能夠從團(tuán)隊(duì)的工作中得到回報(bào)？Spend time and attention on each of these twelve tips to ensure your work teams contribute most effectively to your business success.要認(rèn)真關(guān)注這 12 條建議，以保證你的團(tuán)隊(duì)能為企業(yè)的成功最有效地作出努力。PAR

16、T ONE: Interview(1) Do you like working in a team or on your own?(why?) 你喜歡在團(tuán)隊(duì)與個(gè)人合作還是單獨(dú)工作？I like working in a team, as the proverb 'pr ? v?b goes: Two heads are better than one. In a team,I can learn from my fellow workers, get help from them when I ' m under pressure. And the most important

17、 thing is : I can learn to communicate with all sorts of people.(2) How important is the central leadership of a team? 團(tuán)隊(duì)的核心領(lǐng)導(dǎo)有多重要？It ' s very important. You need someone with managerial skills to lead within the team: he is able to seethe big picture of the work going on , to engage others, coo

18、rdinate interpersonal relationship and organize resources effectively.(3) Do you prefer to work in small teams or big teams?(why)你喜歡在小型團(tuán)隊(duì)還是在大型團(tuán)隊(duì)中工作？I prefer to work in a big team. You see, when you work with more people, you get a chanee to listen to different points of view, to learn to see thingsi

19、n different perspectives p?'spektiv . It ' s also more ehallengingas you have to coord in ate with more people,(4) Is it n ecessary for a team to have regular meet in gs?團(tuán)隊(duì)是否有必要定期開(kāi)會(huì)？Yes, I think it' s absolutely necessary. Regular meetings can enable team members to keep track of workpro

20、gress and it' s a means of considering information and making collective decisions.PART TWO: Mini-prese ntatio n ,prezWhat' s importa nt whe n ？Evaluati ng the success of teamworkMutual 'mju:t ? u?l trustFull co-operati on?n'tei ? ?n衡量團(tuán)隊(duì)成功與否需要考慮哪些要點(diǎn)?相互信任通力合作Mutual trust is the first

21、secret of successful teamwork. When members share a trusti ng relati on ship, theywill feel free to express their views, un dersta nd each other ' s capabilities and limitati ons,and com muni catewith each other timely. This helps to bring out the pote ntials,experie nee and creativity of the in

22、 dividualand create good work en vir onment.Full co-operati on among team members has a direct impact on the success or failure of the team. When teammembers develop a strong aware ness of cooperati on, they would make collective efforts to achieve the com mon objectives and en sure a higher level o

23、f quality and workma nship.On top of that, timely com muni cati on and decisi on maki ng will also help to improve work efficie ncy.相互信任是團(tuán)隊(duì)合作成功的秘密之一，當(dāng)團(tuán)隊(duì)成員建立相互信任的關(guān)系，他們就可以毫無(wú)束縛的表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)，相互了解對(duì)方的能力和缺點(diǎn)，而且可以及時(shí)相互溝通。這將有助于激發(fā)個(gè)人潛力、經(jīng)驗(yàn)、和創(chuàng)造力并且可以營(yíng)造良好的 工作環(huán)境。團(tuán)隊(duì)成員的通力合作也對(duì)會(huì)直接影響團(tuán)隊(duì)成功的失敗。當(dāng)團(tuán)隊(duì)成員有強(qiáng)烈的合作意識(shí)，他們將會(huì)共同努力到達(dá)共同的目標(biāo)。并確保高水平

24、的質(zhì)量及工藝。除此之外，及時(shí)的溝通和做決定也將幫助改善工作效率。PART THREE DiscussionTeamworkYour company is offeringa brief training programme on team buildingfor line managers. You have been askedto help pla n the programme. Discuss the situati on together, and decide:what issues should the programme focus onwhat kind of activit

25、ies should be in cluded團(tuán)隊(duì)合作你們公司正在考慮為部門經(jīng)理提供關(guān)于團(tuán)隊(duì)建設(shè)的短期培訓(xùn)課程。請(qǐng)你們協(xié)助籌劃這一課程。討論并決定：該培訓(xùn)課程應(yīng)集中在哪些問(wèn)題上應(yīng)包含哪些活動(dòng)A: Well, I think it ' s a good idea that our company is planning to offer a training programme on team building for all line man agers.B: Yes. We need to work out the focus of this programme.A: In my o

26、pi nion, we should , first of all, focus on issues like how to form an effective team and how toimprove com muni cati on within the team. These are the most importa nt things we n eed to con sider whe n holdi ng a trai ning programme.B: Yes, I quite agree with you. Understanding these issues is the

27、pre-requisite pri:'rekw? z? t ofsuccessful team-building. Besides that, how to nurture team dynamics should be another focus of our training programme, I mean, analyse and encourage the dynamics that drive team success and minimize the factors that in hibit thehealthy functioning of the team.A:

28、Yes, only when all team members are motivated ?m? t ? ve? t ? d, and they give good performanee in work.B: So we can in clude in our programme, the activities that help to promote team spirit, activities thathelp develop employee motivati on and improve com muni cati on.A: Well, we can provide team

29、buildi ng games, and outdoor activities that live n up the training sessi ons.B: I ' m quite with you here. We can organize outdoor adventures like rafting, sailing and rock climbing.These events serve to in crease pers onal aware ness of abilities and compleme ntary ,k ? mpl?'me nt ?ri:, -t

30、ri: skills in your teammates.A: it ' s a very good idea. These excitingactivities not onlyencourage team participation, problem sovingand revitalize morale , they also add some fun and variation to our programme.B: And in fulfilling their potentials, everyone in the team learns to understand oth

31、er people ' s capacities and learns to appreciate the impact of their traits on team dynamics.A: Yes, mutual understanding and mutual trust are indispensable , ? ndis'pens ?bl to effective team building.A：我覺(jué)得公司方案為所有部門經(jīng)理提供團(tuán)隊(duì)建設(shè)的培訓(xùn)課程真是個(gè)好主意。B: 是的，我們需要想出此次活動(dòng)的重點(diǎn)。A:我的觀點(diǎn)是，我們首先應(yīng)該把重點(diǎn)放在如何組建一個(gè)有效率的團(tuán)隊(duì)和如何改

32、善團(tuán)隊(duì)關(guān)系的方面。當(dāng)我們舉辦培訓(xùn)課 程時(shí)，這些是我們需要考慮的最重要的事情。B:是的，我非常同意你的看法。成功的團(tuán)隊(duì)建設(shè)前提就是了解你所說(shuō)的這些問(wèn)題。除此之外，怎樣激發(fā)團(tuán)隊(duì)活力應(yīng)該 是我們培訓(xùn)課程的另一個(gè)需要重視的方面，我的意思是，分析和鼓勵(lì)團(tuán)隊(duì)成功的動(dòng)力，使抑制團(tuán)隊(duì)良性運(yùn)作的因素減 少到最小。A:是的，只有當(dāng)所有團(tuán)隊(duì)成員都充滿動(dòng)力，他們?cè)诠ぷ髦胁艜?huì)表現(xiàn)出好的成績(jī)。B:因此我們應(yīng)該將能幫助發(fā)揚(yáng)團(tuán)隊(duì)合作精神、幫助開(kāi)展員工積極性和提高溝通的活動(dòng)包括在我們的課程中。A:是的，我們可以提供團(tuán)隊(duì)建設(shè)的游戲，和戶外活動(dòng)讓培訓(xùn)課程充滿活力。B:我同意你的看法。我們可以組織像漂流、航海和攀巖等戶外探險(xiǎn)。這些工

33、程幫助增強(qiáng)個(gè)人意識(shí)的能力和與隊(duì)友互補(bǔ) 的技能。A: 這是個(gè)好主意。這些沖動(dòng)人心的活動(dòng)不僅可以鼓勵(lì)隊(duì)員、解決問(wèn)題和重振士氣。也可以為我們的課程增加樂(lè)趣和 使其多樣化。B:為了挖掘他們的潛力，團(tuán)隊(duì)中每個(gè)人學(xué)會(huì)去了解其他人的能力以及學(xué)會(huì)去欣賞他們對(duì)團(tuán)隊(duì)動(dòng)力影響的特質(zhì)。A:是的，相互了解和相互信任對(duì)于有效的團(tuán)隊(duì)建設(shè)是必不可少的。 1 What are the characteristics ,k?rikt ?'ristik of a good team?一個(gè)良好的團(tuán)隊(duì)有哪些特點(diǎn)？Characteristics like mutual trust, co-operation, commitmen

34、t, openness of expression among team members are essential to a good team. Besides, a team should also be clear about the common goals they aim to attain. 2 What might be the disadvantages of working in a team environment? 在團(tuán)隊(duì)中工作有哪些不利因素？Sometimes, team membership requires you to give up some individ

35、uality ,? nd?,v ? d?u:'?l ? ti: in orderfor the team to function as a whole. Sometimes you feel your own contribution to the team cannot be measured, so you work less than you would individually.3) Would you like to take part in a programme for developing teamwork?(Why)Yes, of course. It offers

36、me opport un itiesto develop better in terpers onalcom muni cati on skills, and theseare esse ntial in my bus in ess career.(4) How might a compa ny measure the success of a training programme?公司應(yīng)該怎樣衡量培訓(xùn)課程的成敗？To evaluate the impact of a training programme, we can see if the training has helped to ad

37、dress the issuesin the work, to see if there' s any improvement in the work performanee of the staff and ifit encouragescreative inno vati on and teamwork.(5) Do you thi nk a compa ny will always ben efit from staff trainin g?(Why?/Why no t?)你是否認(rèn)為公司總是可以從員工培訓(xùn)中有所獲益？I think a compa ny can ben efit

38、much from staff training. Through training, employees will have a betterunderstanding of their work objectives, have greater commitment in their work, and acquire practicalworkingskills.Internal Com mun icatio ns內(nèi)部溝通Be committed to 致力于Be engaged in投身于，忙于Delivery 傳輸，傳送Corporate in formati on公司信息Visio

39、 n 設(shè)想，遠(yuǎn)見(jiàn)Openn ess坦誠(chéng)，公開(kāi)In tegrity誠(chéng)信，老實(shí)Paramount 'p?r ?,ma? nt極為重要的-wide(后綴，與名詞一起構(gòu)成形容詞或副詞)全范圍的Opinion survey意見(jiàn)調(diào)查Put in place 實(shí)施，到位Audie nce-drive n以受眾為導(dǎo)向的Communi cati ons approach溝通方式Segmentation ?se gi?n?tei ? ?n分割，切斷Integrated.？ nt ? gre ? t ? d platform 集成的信息平臺(tái)Cost efficiency i'fi?nsi本錢效率Di

40、gital media 數(shù)碼媒介Intran et企業(yè)內(nèi)部互聯(lián)網(wǎng)Notice-board 布告牌Resentment r ? 'zentm ?nt憤怒，不滿Open-minded胸襟開(kāi)闊的Out-goi ng爽直的，樂(lè)于助人的，外向的Mettle 勇氣，精神Initiative i'nii ?tiv主動(dòng)性Man ageme nt message 管理信息Performa nee excelle nee優(yōu)異表現(xiàn)Subordi nate s?'b ? :di nit下級(jí)，下屬E-mail n ewsletter 電郵通訊，電子郵件通訊，亦作E-n ewsletter, E-

41、n ews-letterTan gible performa nee sta ndards具體的工作標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Annual performanee reviews 對(duì)員工的年度業(yè)績(jī)考核，年度績(jī)效評(píng)估Staff appraisal 對(duì)員工的業(yè)績(jī)?cè)u(píng)估，業(yè)績(jī)考核Two-way com mun icatio n 雙向交流Voice one' s opinions about就發(fā)表自己的意見(jiàn)Column 'k ? l ?m報(bào)紙、雜志的專欄Layout版面設(shè)計(jì)Carto on picture漫畫(huà)Company logo 公司標(biāo)識(shí)A sense of bel onging 歸屬感Work stat

42、i on工作站，工作處In formati on equality信息均等Have access to有權(quán)使用Channel渠道，通道Opi nion poll p民意測(cè)驗(yàn)Internal communications內(nèi)部溝通Nokia is committed to a strong internal communications culture and practice. 諾基亞公司致力于建立一種強(qiáng)有力的內(nèi)部溝通文化和實(shí)踐體系。Its broad range of communications activities, channels and media strive to help em

43、ployees manage and use corporate information they receive in their work and organizational relationshipsand in doing so,諾基亞公司通過(guò)各種廣泛的溝通活動(dòng)以及豐富的溝通渠道和媒介，盡力幫助員工管理和運(yùn)用他們?cè)诠ぷ髦幸约霸谄髽I(yè) 交往中獲得的公司信息。be fully engaged in the delivery of the company' s strategy and the Nokia Way.公司通過(guò)這種做法，切實(shí)傳播公司的運(yùn)作策略以及“諾基亞之道Nokia p

44、romotes a culture where good communications practice is integrated into every day interaction with and between employees and where shared vision and goals, shared knowledge, openness, speed and integrity are paramount. 諾基亞公司倡導(dǎo)這樣一種公司文化：將良好的溝通習(xí)慣融入公司于員工以及員工與員工之間的日常交往之中。在這一 公司文化中，共同的期望和目標(biāo)、共享的知識(shí)、坦誠(chéng)、高效和誠(chéng)信

45、高于一切。The company measures its performance in internal communications through the company-wide annual employee opinion survey as well as targeted surveys around specific communications activities. 諾基亞公司通過(guò)在公司上下進(jìn)行一年一度的員工意見(jiàn)調(diào)查，以及針對(duì)具體溝通活動(dòng)的目標(biāo)調(diào)查，衡量公司內(nèi)部溝通方 面的績(jī)效。Nokia is putting in place an audience-driven co

46、mmunications approach to meet the diverse needs of its employees for information and communication, with emphasis on segmentation, customization and choice of access. 諾基亞公司正在實(shí)施以受眾為導(dǎo)向的溝通方式，以滿足員工對(duì)信息和交流的不同需要，著重強(qiáng)調(diào)溝通職能的切分、量 體裁衣的溝通方式以及溝通途徑和選擇。This work is supported by the development and use of common and

47、 integrated platforms and processes whichwill encourage cost efficiency in the use of internal and external resources and adoption over time of digital media.這項(xiàng)工作得以展開(kāi)是通過(guò)開(kāi)發(fā)和使用了普通以及集成的信息平臺(tái)和處理程序， 在運(yùn)用內(nèi)外資源的過(guò)程中鼓勵(lì)本錢效率， 并采用了數(shù)碼媒介等方式。There are three primary channels for communicating with employee. Nokia peop

48、le magazine is published in the four most common languages in Nokia: English, Finnish, Chinese and German. Nokia News Service offers daily online news from around the organization, and the Intranet contains a vast amount of detailed company information.諾基亞公司和員工的溝通有三種不同的渠道。 ?諾基亞人?雜志采用四種語(yǔ)言出版：英語(yǔ)、芬蘭語(yǔ)、漢語(yǔ)

49、和德語(yǔ)；諾基 亞新聞效勞網(wǎng)每天提供在線的公司新聞；還有企業(yè)內(nèi)部互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，提供大量詳細(xì)的公司信息。PART ONE Interview(1) What are the methods of communication to staff in most companies? 大多數(shù)公司采用什么方式和員工進(jìn)行溝 通？The most popular communication methods include: face-to-face communication, E-mails, telephone, notice-boards, etc. nowadays, the Intranet is a v

50、ery effective method of communication.(2) Do you think you are good at communicating with your boss?(Why?/Why not?) 你覺(jué)得自己善于和上司溝通嗎？ Yes. I think I' m quite good at communicating with people.Whenever I have some new ideas or resentment r ? 'zentm ?nt about my work . I ' ll talk to my boss

51、face to face. I ' m very frank and open-minded, ready to accept different opinions.(3) Is it important to let your manager know your ideas about work?(Why) 讓你的上司知道你對(duì)工作的看法是否重要？I think it' s very important. You see, I often make suggestions to my boss about internal development, anddiscuss are

52、as I would like to improve on. In this way, I' m contributing to the overall improvement of thecompany.(4) Do you think people can be trained to communicate more efficiently( Why)你認(rèn)為通過(guò)培訓(xùn)人們是否可以更有效地進(jìn)行溝通？Yes. I think it will be very helpful if employees get chances to attend training courses on int

53、erpersonal skills. Such training will enable them to communicate more effectively.Part Two: Mini-presentationWhat' s importa nt whe n ？Communciating management messages to the staffOverall purpose整體目標(biāo)Feedback on performa nee對(duì)工作表現(xiàn)的反應(yīng)First of all , I think it ' s important to clearly state you

54、r overall purpose and expeetations.In this way,employee know exactly what they should do to meet work requirements andto achieve performanee exeellenee.In additi on to this, providi ng feedback on their performa nee is also importa nt. On the man agerial part, performa nee reviews help man agers to

55、keep track of possible problems in their own work. On the part of the employees, they get en couraged for their hard work and are give n eha nces to correct mistakes made on the job.Besides, managers should be more open in sharing information with their subord inates. They should letemployees know i

56、n advanee any proposed changes before they actually occur. This will enhance mutual un dersta nding and trust.首先，我認(rèn)為清晰的陳述你的總體目標(biāo)和期望是很重要的。這樣，員工可以確切的知道他們應(yīng)該做什么來(lái)滿足工作需求以及實(shí)現(xiàn)卓越的成績(jī)。除此之外，對(duì)他們的成績(jī)提出反應(yīng)意見(jiàn)也很重要。從管理的角度來(lái)看，績(jī)效評(píng)估幫助管理者追蹤他們自己可能發(fā)生的 問(wèn)題；從員工的角度，他們努力工作得到鼓舞，工作中出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題也有時(shí)機(jī)得到糾正。另外，管理者應(yīng)該與下屬更開(kāi)發(fā)的分享信息。任何建議的改變之前，他們應(yīng)該讓員工提

57、前知曉。這將加強(qiáng)相互的理解 及信任。PART THREE DiscussionE-mail NewsletterYou compa ny would like to in troduce an E-mail n ewsletter to send to all members regularly. You have bee nasked to help co-ord in ate the project. Discuss the situati on together, and decide:what kinds of articles and in formati on should be

58、in eludedwhat the n ewsletter should look like and how often it should be sent電子郵件快訊你們公司意欲創(chuàng)立一份電子郵件快訊，定期發(fā)給全體員工。請(qǐng)你們共同協(xié)調(diào)這一方案。討論并決定：電子郵件快訊中應(yīng)包含哪些文章和信息電子郵件快訊的版式、發(fā)送周期A： You see, our company is designing an E-mail newsletter for all staff members. It certainly is a verygood channel for internal communication.B: Yes. What information should be included, in your opinion?A: It should carr