課程設(shè)計步進電機控制步進電機轉(zhuǎn)速實時控制

1、目 錄一、任務(wù)與要求3二、設(shè)計方案3三、硬件設(shè)計原理4四、軟件設(shè)計7五、調(diào)試9六、收獲和體會9七、參考文獻9步進電機轉(zhuǎn)速實時控制一、任務(wù)與要求步進電機轉(zhuǎn)速實時控制要求控制步進電機正轉(zhuǎn)、反轉(zhuǎn)，以及對步進電機的轉(zhuǎn)速進行實時控制。1，用8086處理器和可編程并行接口芯片8255組成控制系統(tǒng)，掌握步進電機與8255的接口電路原理；2，理解步進電機正、反轉(zhuǎn)工作原理和轉(zhuǎn)速控制原理3，能編制出步進電機正、反轉(zhuǎn)運行程序（以3種不同速度）；低速正轉(zhuǎn)和高速反轉(zhuǎn)程序，并寫出較完整的設(shè)計程序二、設(shè)計方案根據(jù)課題要求，用8086處理器和可編程并行接口芯片8255組成控制系統(tǒng)，控制步進電機正轉(zhuǎn)、反轉(zhuǎn)以及轉(zhuǎn)速控制，步進電機

2、不能直接由8255驅(qū)動，而需要用相應(yīng)的驅(qū)動芯片，因此，控制系統(tǒng)直接控制電機驅(qū)動即可控制步進電機。設(shè)計流程圖如下：8086cpu8255步進電機步進電機驅(qū)動三、硬件原理與設(shè)計1、 系統(tǒng)硬件子系統(tǒng)的構(gòu)成：本設(shè)計采用的步進電機為35byj46型四相八拍電機，電壓為dc12v，其勵磁線圈及其勵磁順序如下圖及下表所示：123456785+4-3-2-1-2、步進電機工作原理以及與8255接口的關(guān)系：實驗線路圖3、工作原理：四相步進電機示意圖見下左圖，轉(zhuǎn)子由一個永久磁鐵構(gòu)成，定子分別由4組繞組構(gòu)成電機定子和轉(zhuǎn)子示意圖電氣連接示意圖 當(dāng)s1連通電源后，定子磁場將產(chǎn)生一個靠近轉(zhuǎn)子為n極，遠離轉(zhuǎn)子為s極才磁場，

3、這樣的定子磁場和轉(zhuǎn)子的固有磁場發(fā)生作用，轉(zhuǎn)子就會轉(zhuǎn)動，正確地s1、s4的送電次序，就能控制轉(zhuǎn)子旋轉(zhuǎn)的方向。 例如：若送電的順序為s1閉合斷開s2閉合斷開s3閉合斷開s4閉合斷開，周而復(fù)始的循環(huán)，在定子和轉(zhuǎn)子共同作用下，電機就瞬時針旋轉(zhuǎn)： 若送電的順序為s4閉合斷開s3閉合斷開s2閉合斷開s1閉合斷開，周而復(fù)始的循環(huán)，則電機就逆時針旋轉(zhuǎn)，原理同理。 8255a向步進電機發(fā)出的控制脈沖4、8255工作方式選擇： 8255有三個數(shù)據(jù)端口（a口、b口、c口），8255有三種基本的工作方式，分別為：方式一（基本輸入/輸出方式），方式二（選通輸入/輸出方式），方式三（雙向總線i/o方式）。其中a口可選擇三

4、種方式中的任意一種，b口只能選擇方式0或方式1，c口常用作兩個4為端口，若工作于方式0，其高四位工作方式與a端口一致，低四位與工作方式與端口b一致；若工作于其余兩種方式，端口的部分信號作為a口和b口的控制聯(lián)絡(luò)信號。其方式選擇控制字如圖所示：四、軟件設(shè)計data segmenttable1 db 01h,03h,02h,06h,04h,0ch,08h,09h table2 db 08h,0ch,04h,06h,02h,03h,01h,09hdata endscode segment assume cs:code,ds:datastart: mov ax,data mov ds,axmain: m

5、ov al,90h out 63h,almovdx,0005ha1:mov bx,offset table1 ；中速正轉(zhuǎn)程序 mov cx,0008h movdi,2000h a2: moval,bx out61h,alcalldally incbx loopa2 decdxjnza1movdx,0008ha3:mov bx,offset table1 ；高速正轉(zhuǎn)程序 mov cx,0008h movdi,1000h a4: moval,bx out61h,alcalldally incbx loopa4 decdxjnza3待添加的隱藏文字內(nèi)容2 movdx,0005ha5:mov bx,o

6、ffset table1 ；低速正轉(zhuǎn)程序 mov cx,0008h movdi,5000h a6: moval,bx out61h,alcalldally incbx loopa6 decdxjnza5movdx,0005hb1:mov bx,offset table2 ;低速反轉(zhuǎn)程序 mov cx,0008h movdi,5000h b2: moval,bx out61h,alcalldally incbx loopb2 decdxjnzb1movdx,0008hb3:mov bx,offset table2 ;高速反轉(zhuǎn)程序 mov cx,0008h movdi,1000h b4: mova

7、l,bx out61h,alcalldally incbx loopb4 decdxjnzb3 dally:pushcx mov cx,dic1:pushaxpopaxloopa3popcxretcodeendsend start五、調(diào)試控制程序編寫好后，首先進行查錯、編譯，然后下載到實驗系統(tǒng)里面運行，觀察步進電機的運行情況是否與預(yù)期一致，也就是觀察步進電機能否實現(xiàn)正轉(zhuǎn)、反轉(zhuǎn)以及變速；如果都能實現(xiàn)，還可以修改程序，實現(xiàn)速度的任意調(diào)整，以及正轉(zhuǎn)、反轉(zhuǎn)步數(shù)或圈數(shù)的控制。六、收獲和體會通過本學(xué)期對微型計算機控制技術(shù)課程學(xué)習(xí)以及這次課程設(shè)計的實踐鍛煉，首先我對微型計算機控制技術(shù)這門課程涉及到的理論知識

8、有一定認識和了解，對計算機的工作原理以及內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)都有一定了解；其次我也掌握了計算機的一些基本操作步驟和基本編程方法，對一些生活中常見的簡單運用進行編程設(shè)計，通過這次課程設(shè)計鍛煉，將書本上的編程理論應(yīng)用到實際編程控制中，對編程技術(shù)的提升有很大幫助，同時也讓我深刻體會得到程序?qū)φ麄€系統(tǒng)運行的作用；這次課程設(shè)計讓我從對書面上的理論知識邁向?qū)嵺`操作，讓我懂得如何讓將計算機原理融合到實際應(yīng)用中。在這個過程中，我自己經(jīng)歷了一次從課題要求到電路設(shè)計再到程序編寫以及由編程再到程序運行到最后步進電機的正反轉(zhuǎn)旋轉(zhuǎn)的完整過程，對動手鍛煉和實踐操作都有很大幫助，讓我對計算機控制方面的東西產(chǎn)生了濃厚的興趣，讓我在以后的

9、生活以及工作中給予很大的幫助。七、參考文獻1、潘新民 張燕芳：微型計算機控制技術(shù)，高等教育出版社；employment tribunals sort out disagreements between employers and employees.you may need to make a claim to an employment tribunal if:· you don't agree with the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you· your employer dismi

10、sses you and you think that you have been dismissed unfairly.for more information about dismissal and unfair dismissal, see dismissal.you can make a claim to an employment tribunal, even if you haven't appealed against the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you. h

11、owever, if you win your case, the tribunal may reduce any compensation awarded to you as a result of your failure to appeal.remember that in most cases you must make an application to an employment tribunal within three months of the date when the event you are complaining about happened. if your ap

12、plication is received after this time limit, the tribunal will not usually accept it.if you are worried about how the time limits apply to you, take advice from one of the organisations listed under further help.employment tribunals are less formal than some other courts, but it is still a lega

13、l process and you will need to give evidence under an oath or affirmation.most people find making a claim to an employment tribunal challenging. if you are thinking about making a claim to an employment tribunal, you should get help straight away from one of the organisations listed under furth

14、er help.if you are being represented by a solicitor at the tribunal, they may ask you to sign an agreement where you pay their fee out of your compensation if you win the case. this is known as a damages-based agreement. in england and wales, your solicitor can't charge you more than 35% of

15、 your compensation  if you win the case.if you are thinking about signing up for  a damages-based agreement, you should make sure you're clear about the terms of the agreement. it might be best to get advice from an experienced adviser, for example, at a citizens advice bureau.  t

16、o find your nearest cab, including those that give advice by e-mail, click on nearest cab.for more information about making a claim to an employment tribunal, see employment tribunals.the (lack of) air up there watch mcayman islands-based webb, the head of fifa's anti-racism taskforce,

17、 is in london for the football association's 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend city's premier league match at chelsea on sunday."i am going to be at the match tomorrow and i have asked to meet yaya toure," he told bbc sport."for me it's about how he felt and i

18、 would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was."uefa has opened disciplinary proceedings against cska for the "racist behaviour of their fans" during city's 2-1 win.michel platini, president of european football's governing body, has also

19、ordered an immediate investigation into the referee's actions.cska said they were "surprised and disappointed" by toure's complaint. in a statement the russian side added: "we found no racist insults from fans of cska."age has reached the end of the beginning of a word. m

20、ay be guilty in his seems to passing a lot of different life became the appearance of the same day; may be back in the past, to oneself the paranoid weird belief disillusionment, these days, my mind has been very messy, in my mind constantly. always feel oneself should go to do something, or write s

21、omething. twenty years of life trajectory deeply shallow, suddenly feel something, do it.一字開頭的年齡已經(jīng)到了尾聲?；蛟S是愧疚于自己似乎把轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝的很多個不同的日子過成了同一天的樣子；或許是追溯過去，對自己那些近乎偏執(zhí)的怪異信念的醒悟，這些天以來，思緒一直很凌亂，在腦海中不斷糾纏?？傆X得自己自己似乎應(yīng)該去做點什么，或者寫點什么。二十年的人生軌跡深深淺淺，突然就感覺到有些事情，非做不可了。the end of our life, and can meet many things really do?而窮盡我

22、們的一生，又能遇到多少事情是真正地非做不可？during my childhood, think lucky money and new clothes are necessary for new year, but as the advance of the age, will be more and more found that those things are optional; junior high school, thought to have a crush on just means that the real growth, but over the past three

23、years later, his writing of alumni in peace, suddenly found that isn't really grow up, it seems is not so important; then in high school, think don't want to give vent to out your inner voice can be in the high school children of the feelings in a period, but was eventually infarction when g

24、raduation party in the throat, later again stood on the pitch he has sweat profusely, looked at his thrown a basketball hoops, suddenly found himself has already can't remember his appearance.童年時，覺得壓歲錢和新衣服是過年必備，但是隨著年齡的推進，會越來越發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些東西根本就可有可無；初中時，以為要有一場暗戀才意味著真正的成長，但三年過去后，自己心平氣和的寫同學(xué)錄的時候，突然就發(fā)現(xiàn)是不是真正的成

25、長了，好像并沒有那么重要了；然后到了高中，覺得非要吐露出自己的心聲才能為高中生涯里的懵懂情愫劃上一個句點，但畢業(yè)晚會的時候最終還是被梗塞在了咽喉，后來再次站在他曾經(jīng)揮汗如雨的球場，看著他投過籃球的球框時，突然間發(fā)現(xiàn)自己已經(jīng)想不起他的容顏。originally, this world, can produce a chemical reaction to an event, in addition to resolutely, have to do, and time.原來，這個世界上，對某個事件能產(chǎn)生化學(xué)反應(yīng)的，除了非做不可的堅決，還有，時間。a person's time, your

26、 ideas are always special to clear. want, want, line is clear, as if nothing could shake his. also once seemed to be determined to do something, but more often is he backed out at last. dislike his cowardice, finally found that there are a lot of love, there are a lot of miss, like shadow really hav

27、e been doomed. those who do, just green years oneself give oneself an arm injection, or is a self-righteous spiritual.一個人的時候，自己的想法總是特別地清晰。想要的，不想要的，界限明確，好像沒有什么可以撼動自己。也曾經(jīng)好像已經(jīng)下定了決心去做某件事，但更多的時候是最后又打起了退堂鼓。嫌惡過自己的怯懦，最終卻發(fā)現(xiàn)有很多緣分，有很多錯過，好像冥冥之中真的已經(jīng)注定。那些曾經(jīng)所謂的非做不可，只是青蔥年華里自己給自己注射的一支強心劑，或者說，是自以為是的精神寄托罷了。at the mome

28、nt, the sky is dark, the air is fresh factor after just rained. suddenly thought of blue plaid shirt; those were broken into various shapes of stationery; from the corner at the beginning of deep friendship; have declared the end of the encounter that haven't start planning. those years, those d

29、ays of do, finally, like youth, will end in our life.此刻，天空是陰暗的，空氣里有著剛下過雨之后的清新因子。突然想到那件藍格子襯衫；那些被折成各種各樣形狀的信紙；那段從街角深巷伊始的友誼；還有那場還沒有開始就宣告了終結(jié)的邂逅計劃那些年那些天的非做不可，終于和青春一樣，都將在我們的人生中謝幕。baumgartner the disappointing news: mission aborted. r plays an important role in this mission. starting at the ground, conditio

30、ns have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. the balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. it will climb higher than the tip of mount everest

31、 (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. as he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause),e can expect a lot of turbulence.the supersonic descent could happen as early as sunda

32、.the weathethe balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet ( then, i would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an olympic diving platform.below, the earth becomes the concrete bottom of a swimming pool that he wants to land on, but not too hard. still, he'll be traveling fast, so despite the distance, it will not be like diving