高一定語從句專項練習(xí)題

1、高一定語從句專項練習(xí)題高一定語從句 語法歸納及練習(xí)一、語法知識歸納一、基本概念(一）定語從句在復(fù)合句中作定語，修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。(二) 先行詞被定語從句所修飾的名詞或代詞。一般情況下,定語從句緊跟先行詞。但也有因各種原因定語從句與先行詞被分割的現(xiàn)象。(三)關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。與先行詞關(guān)系密切，因此緊跟先行詞,并在定語從句中充當(dāng)一個成分。關(guān)系代詞有：who, who,wih, tat和whose, 另外，a也可充當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞。關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語和定語。關(guān)系副詞有:wn,wher和hy。在定語從句中充當(dāng)狀語。二、關(guān)系代詞的用法（一)基本用法根據(jù)先行

2、詞的不同，和在從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞植煌?選用不同的關(guān)系代詞。如下表：關(guān)系詞先行詞從句成分例句備注關(guān)系代詞who人主語，賓語do you knw he manwis tkingwith yo other？whm, which和that在從句中做賓語時,?？梢允÷?，但介詞提前時后面關(guān)系代詞不能省略，也不可以用thtwom人賓語m. sith heesn witwhmi wokthe boy（whm）she lov die the war.wos人，物定語i lik the boos whose opic are buthisto.the by hoseterwoksabrods my classat

3、e. that人，物主語，賓語pae i amacnettca fy.se i h pop star (that) iwatto se very mc.whic物主語，賓語th bo（whih) i av you waswh $10.thepicure which asut thecdent was tri.as人，物主語，賓語he issuch a erso as irspcted by a of usthis isae en as i lost trday.做賓語一般不省略例如：(注意關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞? do oknow theprfessr whothat willgiv

4、e u speech nexteek？ （作主語） i read a report about his ew novel that/ which wil so beublised （作主語) thplan a/hichhe ared abou was settledat last. （作賓語) tis i the new cretary （who/hom/th） od letointrodc to you. （作賓語）th sodier whoselgs werebaly wunde s opertedonwthut dlay. （作定語)注意:關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)賓語時可以省略,充當(dāng)主語

5、時則不能。(見上例）（二）關(guān)系代詞a代替hch的一些情況which，tha 在代替物時,一般可以通用。但在有些情況下,只用 that。1 先行詞是最高級形容詞或它的前面有最高級形容詞修飾時。例如: thisi thbe that as ben sedagainspollution english s the mos difficultsubjct thty l ean di these ya. 先行詞是序數(shù)詞,或它前面有一個序數(shù)詞時。例如: thisis the last pace (hat） i wan o isit. t is e frt mericanmovi f tis kind ha

6、t ive v seen 先行詞是 a， muc,tl, sometig, everytng, nything， nthing， none等代詞時。例如: yo holdhand n all tht u have.wavetgtuch that wean offe you. 先行詞前面有te nly, he vy, any, ew,lile, n, l, muh,ever等修飾時。例如: e onlyhing ht wean d togve yu smemone. he little oey(tha） h hadwas stlen(三）宜用,而不用tat的一些情況 先行詞是one, ones,

7、 anone時。例如： on w ha nthng o fa r neseldaes to tl the th. dot tell eabouth neswo oughtt oknow it先行詞是thos時。例如： thos ho wrenoft or teir wok coud tseethe beatiful clothes made f the magic coth.（四)其它情況先行詞既有人又有物時。例如：do you kow th thing andpersostht they realin ab? he ikeandits rider tathd run oer aoldmanw

8、eetkento the ole statin主句已有疑問詞who 或hich時。例如： hich is h bike hat ulos? ho is thewoan htwas praieat e meting？(五)與whose有關(guān)的問題whe是代詞的所有格，它既可以代人也可以代物。例如： i saw a woman whoe ag wssolen please show m he bok wo over is red 當(dāng)wose表示物與物的所有格關(guān)系時,亦可用of ich的形式。例如：th buildinwhos of yu an se frm hre i a new retaurant

9、. the budig,te roof f which y nserom er, isa neretaran.或 the buing, of whihth roof ocans rom hereis a ewestarant.三、介詞前提的問題關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)介詞賓語時,介詞可以前提至關(guān)系代詞前。例如:ha yo seen te pen (whch) i wote enetju no? （which作介詞with的賓語)e yu ethe p with whic i wrot e not u nw？ 但是，要注意的是: 介詞前提后,先行詞是人或物，關(guān)系代詞分別只能用wom和whic,而

10、不再用tha或w。 介詞前提后,關(guān)系代詞不再能省略。 有些含有介詞的短語動詞中的介詞不能前提,如：look fr, lok ater, tae ca f等。例如： 錯誤：ho s te old man o thatou were lking to?正確：wh sthe old an owho you we taln ？或ho is the old man(tt/ hom)yo wretlking to? 錯誤：tese arethe sep of hich he by too care正確：hse are the sheep(which/h) the boytok caef四、關(guān)系代詞在從句中

11、作主語時，從句中的主謂一致關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句的謂語動詞在人稱和數(shù)上應(yīng)與先行詞一致。例如: ho he guytht is rad ovr thre？ te erofeoetha aregoing tthe exhibin is exected to b oer 25,000 all thaneesto e one hs ee dn he i oe of te tudnts who useompter a lt for stu. timyis t onlyon f the pulhat has faied th am.例中的意為“一切”，作單數(shù)。例中沒通過考試的學(xué)生事實上只有一人

12、,因此謂語動詞也用單數(shù)。ht與which, who, whom的用法區(qū)別:情況用法說明例句只用tat的情況1 先行詞為all, everyhing， thing，nothing, little, muc，等不定代詞時。2 先行詞被ll,an， eve, each, mu, ltle, o, om, few等修飾時3 先行詞有形容詞最高級和序數(shù)詞修飾時4 先行詞既指人又指物時5 先行詞被thoy， te ver修飾時6 句中已經(jīng)有wo或which時,為了避免重復(fù)時.h ol me everyhn tathe knows2. al th s tayouoffere have been gven o

13、ut. thist es f tht i hae everred4e tale boutthe person and thigs tat werememered.5 he sthe oly man tati want to se.6. who is th man ttis mking a sch?只用whch，wo, who的情況1 在非限制性定語從句中,只能用whh指代物,用owhom指人2 在由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，只能用hch指物,whm指人。3 先行詞本身是that時,關(guān)系詞用ich, 先行詞為hoe, ne, e時多用wo。1. he has asn, ho has g

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