單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)

1、“單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)？”主謂一致用法歸納名詞作主語family, class, group, team等集體名詞作主語，若指一個(gè)整體時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，若指其中一個(gè)個(gè)具體成員時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。His family is a happy one. His family isnt large. 他家的人不多。 My family all like watching TV. 我們一家人都喜歡看電視。 people, police, cattle等集體名詞作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，The police are waiting for the boy. The police are searchin

2、g for the thief. People here are very friendly. 這兒的人很友好。 “the+姓氏復(fù)數(shù)”表示一家人時(shí)，謂語一般用復(fù)數(shù)。 The Smiths are having dinner.“the+形容詞”表示一類人時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，這類詞有：the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead, the deaf and dumb, the injured,the wounded, the unemployed等。表示抽象概念時(shí)，用單數(shù)形式。例

3、如： The poor are very happy, but the rich are sad. 窮人很快樂，富人卻過得不快樂。 The beautiful lives forever. 美是永存的。 以-s 結(jié)尾的名詞本身不表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語通常用單數(shù)形式，如news, maths, physics等，例如： No news is good news. 沒有消息就是好消息。 Maths is very popular in our class 在我們班數(shù)學(xué)很受歡迎。 more than one+單數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語用單數(shù)。例如： More than one student has ever

4、 been to Beijing. 不止一個(gè)學(xué)生曾經(jīng)去過北京。 表示時(shí)間，價(jià)格，重量，數(shù)目，長度，數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算等的詞或短語作主語時(shí)，這些通常作一個(gè)整體概念，謂語用單數(shù)形式。例如： Three years has passed since then. Two months is a long holiday. 兩個(gè)月是一個(gè)長假。 Twenty pounds isnt so heavy. 20英鎊并不太重。 Ten miles isnt a long distance. 1 0英里并不是一段很長的距離。 Five minus four is one. 5減4等于1。 a number of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞作

5、主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；the number of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。例如： A number of famous people were invited to party. 許多名人都被邀請(qǐng)參加這個(gè)聚會(huì)。 The number of the students is over eight hundred. 我們學(xué)校的學(xué)生數(shù)超過800人。 A number of students have gone home.The number of pages in this book is two hundred. 動(dòng)詞不定式，動(dòng)名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。例如： To see is

6、to believe 眼見為實(shí)。 Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes. 做眼睛保健操對(duì)你的眼睛十分有益。 主語為one of , each of, every one of, any one of加復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞，謂語用單數(shù)。如：One of my favorite sports is basketball.Each of them has an English dictionary. 他們每人都有一本英語詞典。 當(dāng)kind of, pair of, glass of 等表示確定數(shù)量的名詞短語修飾主語時(shí)，謂語與kind, pair, glass等

7、一致。例如： This pair of shoes is Toms. 這雙鞋是湯姆的。 There are two glasses of water on the table. 桌上有兩杯水。 A pair of shoes was on the desk. “l(fā)ots of/ a lot of/plenty of/ all/ most/ half / the rest of +名詞”或“分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)+名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞取決于名詞的數(shù)；若是不可數(shù)名詞，用單數(shù)；若名詞是復(fù)數(shù)，則用復(fù)數(shù)。這是因?yàn)槎陶Z中后面的名詞是中心詞，而短語中前面的量詞是修飾語。Lots of damage was cau

8、sed by fire.About three-fourths of the earths surface is covered with water. Three-fifths of the workers here are women.Most of his time is spent on study.代詞作主語none 與可數(shù)名詞連用，謂語動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)也可用復(fù)數(shù)，none 如果代表不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。None of the land has become desert.這些土地都沒有變成沙漠。不定代詞somebody, someone, something, anybody,

9、anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，例如： Is everyone here today? 今天大家到齊了嗎？ Something is wrong with him. 他有毛病。 Nobody was in. 沒有人在家。 疑問代詞who, what, which作主語時(shí)，如果說話人不知道具體的內(nèi)容，謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)。Who lives next door? Whats in the bag?并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語由bothand連接兩個(gè)單數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；Bo

10、th his father and his mother are both teachers. 他的爸爸和媽媽都是老師。由and連接的兩個(gè)名詞作主語時(shí)，一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Walking and riding are good exercises.但and所連接的并列主語是同一個(gè)人，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，這時(shí)and后面的名詞沒有冠詞。如：The writer and teacher is coming. 那位作家兼教師來了。(作家和教師指同一個(gè)人) The writer and the teacher are coming. 作家和老師來了。(作家和老師是兩個(gè)人) and前后的并列主語如果表示的是同一個(gè)

11、概念，即前后合起來是一個(gè)整體，不可割裂開來，謂語動(dòng)詞依然用單數(shù)形式。Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.A knife and fork is on the table.(刀叉和在一起才是完整的一副。)Too much work and too little rest often leads to illness. (9A 125) 工作太多休息太少常常導(dǎo)致疾病。or, eitheror，neithernor,not onlybut also,notbut,連接兩個(gè)名詞或代詞作主語時(shí)，根據(jù)就近原則決定謂語動(dòng)詞形式。例如

12、： Tom or Jack is wrong. 不是湯姆就是杰克錯(cuò)了。 Either you or I am right. 要么你要么我是對(duì)的。 當(dāng)主語后面跟有with，together with，along with，as well as，besides，except，but，like, including, in addition to, rather than等詞或介詞短語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞由主語的單復(fù)數(shù)決定。例如： Mike with his father has been to England. 邁克同他的父親去過英格蘭。 Mike, like his brother, enjoys pl

13、aying football 邁克像他的哥哥一樣喜歡踢足球。 The teacher as well as the students was reading in the library.與句式有關(guān)的主謂一致由what引導(dǎo)的主語從句，謂語動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)，但所指的具體內(nèi)容是復(fù)數(shù)意義時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式，例如：What we need is more time.What we need are doctors.在地點(diǎn)置于句首的倒裝句中，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與其后的主語一致。如：Here comes Simon. Here are some books and paper for you. 這是給你

14、的書和紙。 Between the two windows hangs a picture.There be 結(jié)構(gòu)中，謂語動(dòng)詞與臨近的主語一致，即“就近原則”。例如： There is a book and three pens on the desk. 桌子上有一本書，三只鋼筆。 關(guān)系代詞who, that, which等在定語從句中作主語時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與句中先行詞的數(shù)一致。Those who want to go please put up your hands. Some of the energy that is used by man comes from the sun. 以

15、下為高中階段主謂一致內(nèi)容，僅供參考。如果主語有more than one或many a構(gòu)成，盡管從意義上看是復(fù)數(shù)內(nèi)容，但它的謂語動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)形式。如：More than one student has read the book. Many a girl has been there. Many a student has been to Shanghai. 許多學(xué)生到過上海。 主語是each/every/no+單數(shù)名詞+and(each/every)+單數(shù)名詞時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。例如： Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每個(gè)男孩和女孩都有一個(gè)座位。 Every man and every woman is at work. 每個(gè)男人和女人都在工作。 Each boy and each girl wants to go to the cinema. one and a half+復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。例如： One and a half hours is enough. 一個(gè)半小時(shí)足夠了。 One and a half bananas is left on the table.在“one of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+who/tha