高中英語復(fù)習(xí)北師大版《Unit 23 Conflict Lesson 1 Gramma》(共26.ppt)

1、 英語句子的正常語序通常是主語在前，英語句子的正常語序通常是主語在前，謂語在后。但有時出于語法需要或為了謂語在后。但有時出于語法需要或為了達到某種修辭目的，要把謂語放在主語達到某種修辭目的，要把謂語放在主語前面，這種語序稱作倒裝語序。將整個前面，這種語序稱作倒裝語序。將整個謂語移至主語之前，稱為謂語移至主語之前，稱為“完全倒裝完全倒裝”；如果只是把助動詞或情態(tài)動詞等部分謂如果只是把助動詞或情態(tài)動詞等部分謂語放在主語之前，稱為語放在主語之前，稱為“部分倒裝部分倒裝”。 一、使用完全倒裝的情況一、使用完全倒裝的情況1. 表示方向、地點和時間的副詞，表示方向、地點和時間的副詞， 如：如：in, ou

2、t, down, up, there, here, now, then等放于等放于句首，且主語是名詞而不是代詞時。如：句首，且主語是名詞而不是代詞時。如：Out rushed a dog from under the table when we came in.Here comes the taxi. Then came the hour we had been looking forward to.2. there be 結(jié)構(gòu)中。此結(jié)構(gòu)中的結(jié)構(gòu)中。此結(jié)構(gòu)中的be動詞還可換動詞還可換成成 exist, seem, stand, live, rise, happen, appear等。等。如：如

3、：There stands a big tree in front of the tall building.There once lived a famous singer in the house.3. 表示地點、時間的介詞短語放在句首時。如：表示地點、時間的介詞短語放在句首時。如：On the grass lay three boys. They were talking and laughing happily.After the party came a firework display in the garden. 4. 充當(dāng)表語的形容詞、分詞等位于句首時。充當(dāng)表語的形容詞、分詞等

4、位于句首時。這種情況通常是用來強調(diào)表語或因主語太長。這種情況通常是用來強調(diào)表語或因主語太長。如：如：Gone are the days when teachers were looked down upon.Covering much of the earths surface is a blanket of water.5. 直接引語的全部或一部分位于句首時直接引語的全部或一部分位于句首時, 可以可以完全倒裝，也可以不用倒裝的形式。如：完全倒裝，也可以不用倒裝的形式。如：“Come in,” said the teacher politely / the teacher said polit

5、ely.二、二、 使用部分倒裝的情況使用部分倒裝的情況1. 表示否定意義的副詞（短語）和連詞表示否定意義的副詞（短語）和連詞, 如：如：not, never, little, seldom, hardly, rarely，not until, nowhere, in no way / by no means (決不決不)，not only . but also, no sooner . than, hardly . when等置于句首時。如：等置于句首時。如：By no means do I agree with what he said.Not until then did I realiz

6、e that I was wrong.2. only修飾狀語位于句首時，主句用部分倒裝。修飾狀語位于句首時，主句用部分倒裝。如：如：Only when school is over can he see his friend.Only in this way can we learn English well.3. so, neither, nor位于句首，表示前者的情況位于句首，表示前者的情況也適用于后者時，句子用倒裝。也適用于后者時，句子用倒裝。so與前面的肯與前面的肯定句相呼應(yīng)；定句相呼應(yīng)；neither, nor與前面的否定句相呼與前面的否定句相呼應(yīng)。如應(yīng)。如:He has passe

7、d the chemistry exam, and so have I.Jenney cant speak Japanese and neither can I.4. 在在as / though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中，引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中，可將狀語、表語等置于主語之前，這種前置可將狀語、表語等置于主語之前，這種前置情況也可視為倒裝。如：情況也可視為倒裝。如：Hard as / though he works, he cant support his family.Child as / though he is, he can speak two foreign languages.(注意：在此情

8、況下，表語為可數(shù)名詞的單注意：在此情況下，表語為可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式時，不定冠詞需要省略。數(shù)形式時，不定冠詞需要省略。)5. so / such . that .置于句首引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀置于句首引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句時，主句用部分倒裝，語從句時，主句用部分倒裝，that從句不從句不倒裝。如：倒裝。如：So clearly does our teacher speak English that all of us can understand him. Such a clever boy is he that we all like him.6. 在含有在含有were, should, had的虛擬條件的虛擬

9、條件句中，可以省去句中，可以省去if, 將將were, should, had提提到主語之前，構(gòu)成部分倒裝。如：到主語之前，構(gòu)成部分倒裝。如：Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home all day.Had he worked harder, he would have passed the exam.1. Seldom has drumming caused such conflict.2. No sooner had they moved in than the noise Make a list of negative words an

10、d expressions that these sentences begin with.3. Neither could they relax or read a book 4. Neither could we get rid of the smell 5. Rarely had Laurene seen Mckay move He has not only decided to move apartments, he is actually leaving Shanghai after his neighbours made several complaints about the l

11、oss of sleep. Not only has he decided to move apartments, 2. He has never known anything like it. Never has he known anything like it.3. Drumming has seldom caused such conflict. Seldom has drumming caused such conflict.4. If they had known their neighbour was a drummer, they wouldnt have moved into

12、 the building. Had they known their .5. They had no sooner moved in than the noise began and they rarely got a full nights sleep. No sooner had they moved in than the noise began and rarely did they get a full nights sleep. 6. They could not relax or read a book without wearing earplugs, either. Nei

13、ther could they relax or read a book without wearing earplugs. How are these neutral statements (1-3) reported in the texts?1 He is a keen gardener and a fish collector. Not only is he a keen gardener, he is also a fish collector.2 Wed only just moved in when the noise began. No sooner had they move

14、d in than the noise began.3 We couldnt get rid of the smell of fish. Neither could we get rid of the smell of fish!Find sentences in the texts that mean almost the same as the sentences below.1. Yang Ming feels upset most about the fact that people have classified his music as “noise”. It is the fac

15、t that people have classified his music as “noise” that upsets him most.2. We gave Yang Ming a warning after careful consideration. It was only after careful consideration that we gave Yang Ming a warning.3. So much the water falling onto their balcony from Smith watering his plants did not bother t

16、hem. It wasnt so much the water falling onto their balcony from Smith watering his plants that bothered them.Rewrite the sentences to make them more emphatic and more formal.1. They will never sell their antique furniture.2. If she had come, she wouldve met the famous statesman.Never will they sell

17、their antique furniture.Had she come, she wouldve met the famous statesman.3. He didnt only clean the bedding, he cleaned the whole bungalow as well.4. We can hardly ever see across the bay because of the smog.Not only did he clean the bedding, he cleaned the whole bungalow as well. Hardly ever can

18、we see across the bay because of the smog.5. Politicians hardly ever experience a real war.6. I dont argue and Ive never been in a flight either. Hardly ever do politicians experience real war.I dont argue and neither have I ever been in a fight. Complete sentences using the beginnings and the cues provided.1. British football fans are the most violent in Europe.2. The sun on the water is a wonderful sight.Seldom is it quiet after the match.Rarely does one see anything so beautiful.3. The people got out just in time.4. The press conference created huge interes