直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)-賓語(yǔ)從句-公開(kāi)課匯編

1、 直接引語(yǔ)與間接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ)與間接引語(yǔ) 引述某人的話(huà)一般采用兩種形式：引述某人的話(huà)一般采用兩種形式： 一種是直接引語(yǔ)（一種是直接引語(yǔ)（direct speech), 即即原原 封不動(dòng)地引用原話(huà)，把原話(huà)放在引號(hào)內(nèi)封不動(dòng)地引用原話(huà)，把原話(huà)放在引號(hào)內(nèi)； 一種是間接引語(yǔ)（一種是間接引語(yǔ)（indirect speech)，即，即 用自己的話(huà)加以用自己的話(huà)加以轉(zhuǎn)述，被轉(zhuǎn)述的內(nèi)容不轉(zhuǎn)述，被轉(zhuǎn)述的內(nèi)容不 放在引號(hào)內(nèi)放在引號(hào)內(nèi)。 The boy said, I am smart. that he was smart.The boy said The butterfly said, I can fly. that

2、 it could fly.The butterfly said The teacher said, “I am preparing a lesson.” The teacher said that he was preparing a lesson. She said that she liked singing. She said that she was waiting for a bus. She said that she had never met an American. She said that she would see me the next week. SUMMARY

3、直接引語(yǔ)是直接引語(yǔ)是陳述句陳述句,變?yōu)殚g變?yōu)殚g 接引語(yǔ)時(shí)用連詞接引語(yǔ)時(shí)用連詞that引導(dǎo)的引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ) 從句從句.從句中的人稱(chēng)從句中的人稱(chēng),時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài),指示代指示代 詞詞,時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)等相應(yīng)變地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)等相應(yīng)變 化化. whether/if we liked singing. “Do you like singing?” He asked whether/if I was a doctor. “Are you a doctor?” He asked He asked me, “What can I do for you?” He asked me what he could do

4、for me. Mary said to Ann, “How can you do that?” Mary asked Ann how she could do that. He asked them who had given them a talk . She asked us where we were going to get off. She asked me if/whether I had seen the film. He asked John if/whether he was a doctor. SUMMARY 直接引語(yǔ)是直接引語(yǔ)是一般疑問(wèn)句一般疑問(wèn)句, 變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)變?yōu)?/p>

5、間接引語(yǔ)時(shí),用連詞用連詞if或或 whether連接。連接。 直接引語(yǔ)是直接引語(yǔ)是特殊疑問(wèn)句特殊疑問(wèn)句, 變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí),仍用原來(lái)的仍用原來(lái)的 疑問(wèn)詞疑問(wèn)詞作連詞來(lái)引導(dǎo)。作連詞來(lái)引導(dǎo)。 He asked me, ”Are you from Beijing?” Tom asked Ann, “Do you like apples?” Tom asked Ann if she liked apples. He asked me if/whether I was from Beijing. If vs. whether I dont know whether/if they will

6、come to help us.(一般情況下可以通用) I dont know whether or not they will come for our help.(whether or not/ whether.or not) 直接引語(yǔ)是祈使句，變成間接引直接引語(yǔ)是祈使句，變成間接引 語(yǔ)時(shí)，把動(dòng)詞原形變成動(dòng)詞不定語(yǔ)時(shí)，把動(dòng)詞原形變成動(dòng)詞不定 式，并在動(dòng)詞不定前加式，并在動(dòng)詞不定前加tell, ask, order 等的賓語(yǔ)。例如：等的賓語(yǔ)。例如： The teacher ordered, Be quiet. The captain ordered us to be quiet. 注意：此種

7、情況的否定句，在動(dòng)注意：此種情況的否定句，在動(dòng) 詞不定式前加詞不定式前加not。 My teacher asked me, Dont laugh. My teacher asked me not to laugh. 直接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)：間接引語(yǔ)：人稱(chēng)時(shí)態(tài)變化人稱(chēng)時(shí)態(tài)變化 直接引語(yǔ)中的第一人稱(chēng)，一般轉(zhuǎn)換為第三直接引語(yǔ)中的第一人稱(chēng)，一般轉(zhuǎn)換為第三 人稱(chēng)（一隨主）人稱(chēng)（一隨主） He said, “I am very sorry.” He said that he was very sorry. 直接引語(yǔ)中的第二人稱(chēng)，如果原話(huà)是針對(duì)直接引語(yǔ)中的第二人稱(chēng)，如果原話(huà)是針對(duì) 轉(zhuǎn)述人說(shuō)的，轉(zhuǎn)換為第一人

8、稱(chēng)（二隨賓）轉(zhuǎn)述人說(shuō)的，轉(zhuǎn)換為第一人稱(chēng)（二隨賓） “You should be more careful next time,” my father told me. My father told me that I should be more careful the next time. 直接引語(yǔ)中的第二人稱(chēng)，如果原話(huà)是針對(duì)第三直接引語(yǔ)中的第二人稱(chēng)，如果原話(huà)是針對(duì)第三 人稱(chēng)說(shuō)的，轉(zhuǎn)換成第三人稱(chēng)（人稱(chēng)說(shuō)的，轉(zhuǎn)換成第三人稱(chēng)（二隨賓）二隨賓） She said to her son, “Ill check your homework tonight.” She said to her son t

9、hat she would check his homework that night. 人稱(chēng)的轉(zhuǎn)換包括人稱(chēng)代詞、物主代詞和名詞性人稱(chēng)的轉(zhuǎn)換包括人稱(chēng)代詞、物主代詞和名詞性 物主代詞等，如：物主代詞等，如： He asked me, “Will you go to the station with me?” He asked me whether I would go to the station with him. （1） 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)變?yōu)橐话阋话悻F(xiàn)在時(shí)變?yōu)橐话氵^(guò)去過(guò)去時(shí)時(shí) （2） 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí) （3） 一般將來(lái)時(shí)變?yōu)橐话銓?lái)時(shí)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)將來(lái)時(shí) （4）

10、 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去過(guò)去完成時(shí)完成時(shí) （5） 一般過(guò)去時(shí)變?yōu)橐话氵^(guò)去時(shí)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去過(guò)去完成時(shí)完成時(shí) （6） 過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)不變過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)不變 直接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)：間接引語(yǔ)：時(shí)態(tài)的變化時(shí)態(tài)的變化 時(shí)態(tài)不變化：時(shí)態(tài)不變化： 直接引語(yǔ)是直接引語(yǔ)是客觀(guān)真理客觀(guān)真理 “The moon moves around the earth”, the teacher told me. The teacher told me the moon moves around the earth. 直接引語(yǔ)是直接引語(yǔ)是過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變，時(shí)態(tài)不變 Jack said, “John, where wer

11、e you going when I met you in the street?” Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street. 直接引語(yǔ)中有直接引語(yǔ)中有具體的具體的過(guò)去某年、某月、某日過(guò)去某年、某月、某日 作狀語(yǔ)，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。作狀語(yǔ)，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。 Xiao Wang said, “I was born on April 2l, 1980.” Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980. 直接引語(yǔ)如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。表示一種直接引語(yǔ)如果

12、是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。表示一種反復(fù)反復(fù) 出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，變間接引語(yǔ)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。，變間接引語(yǔ)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。 He said, “I get up at six every morning.” He said he gets up at six every morning. 如果直接引語(yǔ)中的如果直接引語(yǔ)中的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有過(guò)去時(shí)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有過(guò)去時(shí) 的形式的形式(例：例：ought to， had better, used to) 和和已經(jīng)是過(guò)去時(shí)的形式時(shí)已經(jīng)是過(guò)去時(shí)的形式時(shí) (例：例：could, should, would, might) ，時(shí)態(tài)不再變。，時(shí)態(tài)不再變。 Peter sai

13、d, “You had better come here today.” Peter said I had better go there that day. 直接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)：間接引語(yǔ)：句式變化句式變化 直接引語(yǔ)如果是直接引語(yǔ)如果是陳述句陳述句，間接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ) 應(yīng)改為由應(yīng)改為由that引導(dǎo)的引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句。 She said, “Our bus will arrive in five minutes.” She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes. 直接引語(yǔ)如果是直接引語(yǔ)如果是一般疑問(wèn)句，一般疑問(wèn)句，間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)改

14、間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)改 為由為由whether或或if引導(dǎo)的引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句. 但用但用陳述句陳述句 語(yǔ)序語(yǔ)序 He said, “Can you swim, John?” He asked John if he could swim. “Do you go to school by bus or by bike?” He asked me. He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike. “You have finished the homework, havent you?” my mother asked. My mother asked

15、 me whether I had finished the homework. 直接引語(yǔ)如果是特殊問(wèn)句，間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)該直接引語(yǔ)如果是特殊問(wèn)句，間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)該 改為由疑問(wèn)代詞或疑問(wèn)副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句改為由疑問(wèn)代詞或疑問(wèn)副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句 （賓語(yǔ)從句必須用陳述句語(yǔ)序）。（賓語(yǔ)從句必須用陳述句語(yǔ)序）。 She asked me, “When do they have their dinner?” She asked me when they had their dinner. 直接引語(yǔ)如果是祈使直接引語(yǔ)如果是祈使句，句，間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)根據(jù)語(yǔ)氣間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)根據(jù)語(yǔ)氣 改為改為“tell (ask, order,

16、 beg等等) sb. (not) to do sth.”句句 型。如：型。如： “Dont make any noise,” she said to the children. 告誡語(yǔ)氣告誡語(yǔ)氣 She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise. “Bring me a cup of tea, please,” said she.要求語(yǔ)氣要求語(yǔ)氣 She asked him to bring her a cup of tea. 1. “I never eat meat,” he said. He said that _ never _

17、 meat. 2. “Ive found my wallet,” he said to me. He _ me that he _ _ _ wallet. 3. “I took it home with me,” she said. She said that _ _ _ it home with her. heate told hadfound his shehad taken 4. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.” The teacher said that the sun _

18、in the east and _ down in the west. 5. “I met her yesterday,” he said to me. He _ me that he _ met her the day _. 6. “You must come here before five,” he said. He said that I _ to go _ before five. rises goes toldhad before hadthere 7. “I bought the house 10 years ago,” he said. He said that he _ bo

19、ught the house 10 years _. 8. “Did you see her last week?” he said. He _ _ I had seen her the week _. 9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.” He _ Jim that he _ sit there. had before asked whether / if before told could 10. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?” He asked her mother _ _ _ found it. 11

20、. “Where have you been these days?” he asked. He asked me _ _ _been _ days. 12. “Do you know where she lives?” he asked. He asked _ _ knew where she _. howshehad whereI had those if/whetherI lived 1.Did you understand_? A.what she said B.what to say C.what did she said D.how she had said 2.who can t

21、ell us_about over there? A.what they talk B.what are talking C.what do they talk D.what they are talking 3.The girl is thinking about _she will go abroad to study English next year. A.if B.what C.whether D.when 4.the teacher said that_. A.the sun moves around the earth B.the earth moved around the s

22、un C.the moon is our satellite D.the moon was our satellite A C C c 5.I dont know when he _back,Please tell him the news when he _back. A.come; will come B.comes;comes c.will come; comes D.will come; will come 6.I dont know if his uncle _.I think he _if he is free. A.will come; comes B.will come, wi

23、ll come C.comes comes D.comes ;will come 7.There is not much different between the two.I really dont know_. A.what should I choose B.which I should choose C.which should I chose D.what I choose 8.No one knows_. A.which gate we have to go B.which gate we must go C.which gate do we have to go to D.whi

24、ch gate we have to go to B B D C 9Do you know _? A. where does she live B. she lives where C. where she lives D. where she live 10. His parents wanted to know what he _at that time. A. is doing B. was doing C. has done D. will do C B 12Lilys mother looked for her for half an hour, but could not find _? what Lily was B. what was Lily C. where Lily was D. where was Lily A. C 11.We dont know _. - It is said that he