高一英語必修三知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)

1、第一單元1. starvevt.&vi. (使)餓死；饑餓；渴望，急需；餓得要死shes starving herself trying to lose weight.她為了減肥而忍饑挨餓。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：starve for渴望得到starve to death 餓死be starved of極需，缺乏starve sb. into sth./ doing sth.使某人挨餓以迫使其做某事the plants are starving for water.這些植物極需要水。they got lost in the desert and starved to death.the engine was

2、 starved of petrol and wouldnt start.starvation n. 挨餓；餓死2. belief n. c/u 信任；信仰，信心believe vi.&vt. 相信have belief in sth./sb. 對(duì)某物/某人的真實(shí)性和正確性所具有的信心beyond belief 難以置信in the belief that . 相信it is my belief that .我相信he has great belief in his doctor.他對(duì)他的醫(yī)生無比信賴。she has lost her belief in god.她已不相信上帝。3. gain

3、 n. 獲得；增加；獲利，獲得物；收益；利潤(rùn)vt. 得到；獲得，贏得，增加，增添，到達(dá)；（鐘、表等）快he gained full marks in the examination.他考試得了滿分。for the first time in her life she gained a clear idea of how vast the world is.the company has made notable gains in productivity.my watch gains five minutes a day.我的表一天快5分鐘。 易混辨析gain/win/get/earn/acq

4、uiregain指在斗爭(zhēng)，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中做出很大努力而“獲得”，所得到的東西常具有一定價(jià)值。 win含有取勝的一方具有優(yōu)越的特質(zhì)或條件而能克服各種障礙的意思，意為“贏得”。 get為普通詞，有時(shí)指不一定需要努力就能“得到”。 earn意為“賺得”，表示經(jīng)過艱苦努力所得到的報(bào)酬。 acquire意為“獲得，取得”，一般指通過漫長(zhǎng)的過程而逐漸獲得。 4. awardvt. 授予，獎(jiǎng)給(后多接雙賓語，在多數(shù)場(chǎng)合下用被動(dòng)形式be awarded);判定n.獎(jiǎng)，獎(jiǎng)品；獎(jiǎng)金medals were awarded to the best speakers on the debating team.he got th

5、e highest award in the contest.award/prize/rewardaward既可作動(dòng)詞也可作名詞，指為鼓勵(lì)在工作中達(dá)到或完成所提出的要求或條件的人而進(jìn)行的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，往往強(qiáng)調(diào)榮譽(yù)而不在乎獎(jiǎng)品的大小或獎(jiǎng)金的多少。 prize為名詞，多指在各類競(jìng)賽、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)或抽彩中所贏得的獎(jiǎng)。這種獎(jiǎng)賞有的憑能力獲得，有的憑運(yùn)氣獲得。 reward既可作動(dòng)詞也可作名詞，指對(duì)某人的工作或服務(wù)等的報(bào)答。也指因幫助警察抓到罪犯或幫助失主找到東西而得到的賞金、酬金。 he won the award for the best student of the year.a prize was given

6、to the person who had the winning number.he received a medal as a reward for his courage.5. admire vt. 贊美；欽佩；羨慕。其后可接人或物作賓語，但不可以接賓語從句作賓語。admiration n. 贊美，欽佩；令人贊美的人或物admirer n. 欽佩者；羨慕者admire sb. for sth. 因某事欽佩或羨慕某人express admiration for sb. 對(duì)某人表示欽佩have great admiration for sb. 十分欽佩某人 in admiration of

7、表示欽佩with/in admiration 心懷欽佩地they admired our garden.他們羨慕我們的花園。i admire him for his success in business.arent you going to admire my new house?聯(lián)想拓展warn sb. of sth.警告某人某事rob sb. of sth.搶劫某人某物rid sb. of sth.使某人擺脫/除去某物suspect sb. of sth.懷疑某人某事accuse sb. of sth. 控告某人某事demand answer of sb.要求某人答復(fù)ask a favo

8、ur of sb.請(qǐng)某人幫忙6. remind vt. 提醒；使想起常用結(jié)構(gòu):remind sb. of/about sth. 提醒某人記住/想起某事 remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事remind sb. that .提醒某人/使某人想起i reminded gerald of his promise.我提醒吉羅德他曾許下的諾言。 please remind me to write to my mother tomorrow.7. permission n. u許可，允許permit vt. 準(zhǔn)許，許可，允許 n. 許可(證）；執(zhí)照常用結(jié)構(gòu)：with/without

9、(ones) permission 得到允許/未經(jīng)允許ask sb. for permission 征求某人的許可give sb. permission to do sth. 允許某人做某事have ones permission 得到某人的同意8. clothing n. (總稱)衣服，服裝ucheck your belongings and make sure you dont leave your articles of clothing behind.food, clothing and shelter are everyones priorities.易錯(cuò)辨析clothing/clo

10、thes/clothclothing是衣服、被褥的總稱，為不可數(shù)名詞；clothes指包括上衣、褲子、內(nèi)衣、外衣等在內(nèi)的具體的衣服，它沒有單數(shù)形式，只能說many/some/a few clothes; cloth則指做衣服所用的布料，為不可數(shù)名詞。 選詞填空(clothing/clothes/cloth)the industry in this area has been going from strength to strength.its cold outside. youd better put on more .how much does it take to make a blou

11、se for a girl?答案：clothingclothescloth9. take place發(fā)生；舉行in the meantime, an economic crisis took place in that country.the olympic games take place every four years.聯(lián)想拓展take ones place=take the place of .代替take the first place 獲得第一名 in place of 代替take place/happen/break out/occurtake place 通常表示計(jì)劃、安排之

12、內(nèi)的“發(fā)生”。happen指事情偶然的發(fā)生，常帶有未能預(yù)見的含義；另外，還有“碰巧”之意。break out指火災(zāi)、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)或瘟疫的突然爆發(fā)。occur指按計(jì)劃發(fā)生，常指（某想法、某事）出現(xiàn)在某人的頭腦中。常見結(jié)構(gòu)：it occurs/occurred to sb. that表示“某人想起某事”。it occurred to me that i had forgotten my keys.10. in memory of=to the memory of 紀(jì)念；追念many ceremonies are in memory of famous people.the statue was built

13、 in memory of the famous scientist. 聯(lián)想拓展in honour of 為了紀(jì)念；向表示敬意in praise of 歌頌；稱贊in favour of 贊同, 支持in charge of 負(fù)責(zé)in need of 需要；缺少in search of 尋找in possession of 擁有11. dress updress作“打扮自己或打扮某人”講，與介詞as/like連用或用于dress up as sb./dress up for sth.結(jié)構(gòu)。we are supposed to dress up as movie characters for t

14、he party, what a novel idea! they dress up for the occasion.she dress up in elizabethan costume for the fancydress ball. 聯(lián)想拓展be dressed in 穿著衣服be dressed as 打扮成be well dressed 衣著講究dress oneself 穿衣，打扮dress sb. 給某人穿衣服高手過招搞惡作??；詐騙；開玩笑the children played a trick on their teacher on april fools day.孩子們?cè)谟奕?/p>

15、節(jié)那天捉弄了他們的老師。remember not to play any tricks on the disabled.記住不要戲弄?dú)埣踩?。?lián)想拓展play a joke on sb. 開某人的玩笑 make fun of sb. 取笑某人laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人 smile at sb. 向某人微笑make a fool of 愚弄;嘲笑 高手過招用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空 （原創(chuàng)）tom liked making fun others in public.its bad manners to laugh the disabled.these boys like playing tricks

16、 their teacher.he smiled me when he heard my funny answer.答案：ofatonat 13. look forward to期待某事做某事(to為介詞，后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞)we should look forward to the futurity.我們應(yīng)該展望未來。i am familiar with his work and look forward to hearing his views on literary and artistic creation.我熟悉他的作品，并期待他能就文藝創(chuàng)作方面發(fā)表自己的見解。帶有介詞“to”的短語可

17、用下面這兩句話幫助記憶：習(xí)慣于舊方式的人堅(jiān)持反對(duì)新事物，這樣導(dǎo)致許多獻(xiàn)身于科學(xué)的人被宣判為大逆不道。不喜歡這種事實(shí)的人談到此事時(shí)，總期待著增添自己的努力使它開始改變。 習(xí)慣于be (get) used to，堅(jiān)持stick to，反對(duì)object to，導(dǎo)致lead to，獻(xiàn)身于be devoted to，被宣判為be sentenced to，喜歡prefer.to，談到come to，期待look forward to，增添add to，開始get down to。高手過招(1)單項(xiàng)填空she must be looking forward as much to his return as

18、 he himself is to her. (200912浙江杭州檢測(cè))a.see b.have seen c.seeing d.be seeing (2)用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 （原創(chuàng)）the boy hurried forward (see) the worldfamous oil painting because he had been looking forward to (see) it for a long time. the day i had been looking forward to (come). i used to (get) up late, but no

19、w im used to (get) up early. 解析: (1)選c。句意為：她盼望他歸來，就如同他想見到她一樣。as引導(dǎo)的是省略句，完整的句子是：as he himself is to looking forward to seeing her。此處分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，同時(shí)熟知look forward to的用法即可突破。(2)to see; seeingcameget; getting14. turn up出席(某活動(dòng))(常用于口語);出現(xiàn);找到;把(收音機(jī)等的)音量調(diào)大一些(其反義短語是turn down)；到場(chǎng)im sure your watch will turn up one o

20、f these days.我擔(dān)保你的手表準(zhǔn)有一天能找到。we invited her to dinner but she didnt even bother to turn up.我們請(qǐng)她吃飯她都不露面。i cant hear the radio very well; could you turn it up a bit?我聽不太清楚收音機(jī),你把聲音調(diào)大點(diǎn)行嗎?turn against 反對(duì)；背叛turn down （音量等）調(diào)??；拒絕turn off 關(guān)掉turn on 打開；發(fā)動(dòng)turn out 結(jié)果是；證明是turn to sb. for help 向某人求助turn away 走開;轉(zhuǎn)

21、過臉去;把打發(fā)走turn in 進(jìn)入；交出；上交turn over 打翻；移交；反復(fù)考慮turn into把變成高手過招(1)單項(xiàng)填空he promised to come yesterday，but he hasnt yet. (200912浙江寧波檢測(cè))a. turned in b. turned upc. turned on d. turned out(2)用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空 （原創(chuàng)）its half past ten, but he hasnt turned yet.its wrong to turn our motherland.please turn the radio a b

22、it; im doing my homework.(3)用turn相關(guān)短語的適當(dāng)形式填空（原創(chuàng)）dont worry. the file is sure to .please the television a bit, i cant hear it clearly.it that it was tim who broke the vase.the sad child his mother for comfort. 解析: (1)選b?？疾槎陶Z辨析。turn in 進(jìn)入；交出；上交；turn on打開；turn out 結(jié)果是。均不符合句意。turn up 出現(xiàn)。(2)upagainstdown

23、(3)turn upturn; upturned outturned to15. keep ones word守信用；履行諾言；word意為“諾言”時(shí)，是不可數(shù)名詞，不可以用復(fù)數(shù)形式，其前面不可以用冠詞修飾。you should keep your word once you make it.你一旦許諾就要遵守諾言。you promised you would take the children to camp so you must keep your word.你答應(yīng)過要帶孩子們?nèi)ヒ盃I(yíng)，所以你必須信守諾言。聯(lián)想拓展break ones word 食言 get in a word 插嘴 in

24、 a/one word=in short總而言之 in other words 換句話說 word for word 逐詞have a word with sb.與某人談話have words with sb. 與某人爭(zhēng)吵word came that .有消息傳來高手過招單項(xiàng)填空she said she wouldnt do it, and she did keep her . (200912江西修水檢測(cè))a. words b. word c. customs d. apology解析:選b。句意為：她說她不會(huì)做那件事的，她確實(shí)履行了她的諾言。keep ones word 意為“履行諾言”。w

25、ord意為“諾言”時(shí)，為不可數(shù)名詞。16. set off 出發(fā)；動(dòng)身；使爆炸what time are you planning to set off tomorrow?你打算明天幾點(diǎn)鐘啟程?the terrorist set off a bomb in the city centre and killed six people.恐怖分子在市中心引爆了炸彈，殺害了6個(gè)人。聯(lián)想拓展set off for a place 出發(fā)到某地set about doing sth.開始（某工作）；著手做某事set out 從某地出發(fā)上路set out to do sth.開始做某事set sth. up

26、擺放或豎起某物；創(chuàng)立，建立set sth. aside 將某事物放在一邊； （為某目的）節(jié)省或保留金錢或時(shí)間set down記下；寫下 用set相關(guān)短語的適當(dāng)形式填空（原創(chuàng)）the new government must finding solutions to the countrys economic problems. the children the fireworks in the yard. she a bit of money every month.they a statue in honour of the national hero.theyve on a journey

27、round the world.答案：set aboutset offsets asideset upset off/out重點(diǎn)句型17. the country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow. （節(jié)日里）整個(gè)國(guó)度到處是盛開的櫻花,看上去就像是覆蓋了一層粉紅色的雪。as though/as if 意為“好像”。聯(lián)想拓展as though/as if引導(dǎo)方式從句和表語、狀語從句：引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句she acted as though nothing had happe

28、ned.她裝得好像什么事也沒發(fā)生過似的。注意：當(dāng)從句主語和主句主語一致,且從句謂語中含有動(dòng)詞be時(shí), 可把主語和be一起省略。he looked about as though (he was) in search of something.他四下張望, 好像在尋找什么。引導(dǎo)表語從句it looks as if its going to rain.看樣子要下雨了。as though和as if從句是用虛擬語氣, 還是用陳述語氣, 完全根據(jù)具體情況而定。如果從句表示的意思與事實(shí)完全相反, 或者純粹是一種假設(shè), 通常用虛擬語氣。 the child talks as if she were an adult. 那孩子說話的樣子好像她是個(gè)大人。 高手過招用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空（原創(chuàng)）the pencil looks as if it (break) with half of it in the glass of water.li ming speaks english very well as though he (be) an englishman. it seems a