4副詞專題復(fù)習(xí)

1、中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法精講精練-副詞專題復(fù)習(xí)一、副詞種類以修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或其他副詞的詞叫做副詞。例如： not（不），here（這里），now（現(xiàn)在）。副詞和狀語(yǔ)是兩個(gè)概念，副詞是詞的一種類別，而狀語(yǔ)則是一個(gè)句子成分，是詞或詞組在句子中所起的作用。另外，很多副詞同時(shí)也可用作介詞或其它詞類。如： Have you read this book before? (副詞，作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)) 你以前讀過(guò)這本書嗎？ He will arrive before ten oclock. （介詞，before ten oclock 是介詞短語(yǔ)，作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)） 他將在10點(diǎn)鐘前到達(dá)副詞的種類 1) 英語(yǔ)中有大量方式副詞，說(shuō)明行

2、為方式（回答how的問(wèn)題）： She gently refused to accept the gifts. 她委婉地拒絕接受那些禮物。 How beautifully your wife dances. 你夫人舞跳的真美。 2）還有相當(dāng)多的副詞，表示某些情緒： This I gladly accepted. 這東西我高興的接受了。 She smiled gratefully. 她感激的笑了笑。 He looked at her sadly. 他凄然的看了看她。 3）還有一些以-ly結(jié)尾的副詞，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的狀況： He left the town secretly. 他悄然離開了這座城市。

3、I only met her accidentally. 我僅僅偶然碰見她的。 4 水準(zhǔn)副詞和強(qiáng)調(diào)副詞 1）水準(zhǔn)副詞可修飾動(dòng)詞，表示“到某種水準(zhǔn)”： He loved his mother dearly. 他深愛他的母親。 I strongly object to your saying that. 我強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)你這樣說(shuō)話。 Is she badly hurt? 她傷得重嗎？ 這類副詞除修飾動(dòng)詞外，還可修飾形容詞（a）或另一副詞(b)： a. fairly simple 相當(dāng)簡(jiǎn)單 awfully sorry 非常抱歉 quite correct 完全準(zhǔn)確 truly grateful 確實(shí)很感激

4、 b. fairly smoothly 相當(dāng)順利地 wonderfully well 好極了 know fully well 完全清楚 do it very quickly 干得很快 2）強(qiáng)調(diào)副詞和水準(zhǔn)副詞很接近，有些就是水準(zhǔn)副詞。它們主要是對(duì)所修飾的動(dòng)詞(a)、形容詞（b）加以強(qiáng)調(diào)： a. I quite agree. 我完全同意。 He knew absolutely nothing. 他是毫無(wú)所知的。 Your attitude simply amazes me. 你的態(tài)度簡(jiǎn)直使我吃驚。 b. Youre entirely wrong. 你完全錯(cuò)了。 Shes perfectly cor

5、rect. 她完全準(zhǔn)確。 The food is just wonderful. 這飯菜簡(jiǎn)直好極了。 3）much 是一個(gè)特殊的水準(zhǔn)副詞，它能夠： a. 修飾副詞（特別是用在否定句中）： She didnt talk much. 她不怎么說(shuō)話。 I dont much like the idea. 我不大喜歡這個(gè)想法。 Thank you very much. 非常感謝你。 b. 修飾形容詞等； Im not much good at singing. 我唱歌不太好。 Im very much afraid that she wont come. 我很擔(dān)心她不來(lái)。 c. 和形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)

6、或最高級(jí)連用： You sing much better than me. 你比我唱的好多了。 Their house is much nicer than ours. 他們的房子比我們的好多了。 d. 和how, so , too等詞連用： How much do you like him? 你喜歡他到什么水準(zhǔn)？ He would so much like to go. 他會(huì)很想去的。疑問(wèn)副詞、連接副詞和關(guān)系副詞 1） 疑問(wèn)副詞： 疑問(wèn)副詞用來(lái)引導(dǎo)特殊問(wèn)句： how： How is your grandmothers rheumatism? 你奶奶的風(fēng)濕病怎么樣了？ where： Where

7、 does she come from? 她是哪兒人？when: When can you come? 你什么時(shí)候能來(lái)？why: Why was he so late? 他為什么來(lái)得這么晚？2）連接副詞：連接副詞意思和詞形都和疑問(wèn)副詞一樣，但都引導(dǎo)從句或與不定式連用：how: Thats how I look at it. 這是我的看法。（引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句） Do you know how to start this machine? 你知道這臺(tái)機(jī)器怎樣啟動(dòng)嗎？（引導(dǎo)不定式短語(yǔ)）where: I dont know where he lives. 我不知道他住在哪兒。（引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句） I cant

8、 decide where to go for my holidays. 我不能決定去哪度假。（引導(dǎo)不定式短語(yǔ)）when: Tell me when youll be ready. 告訴我你什么時(shí)候準(zhǔn)備好。（引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句） Tell me when to use this construction. 告訴我什么時(shí)候用這種結(jié)構(gòu)。（引導(dǎo)不定式短語(yǔ)）why: Thats why I came round. 這就是我來(lái)的原因。（引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句）3）關(guān)系副詞：關(guān)系副詞可引導(dǎo)關(guān)系從句作賓語(yǔ)：where：We then moved to Paris, where we lived for 6 years. 此

9、后我們搬到巴黎，在那里住了6年。when: There came a day when the rain fell in torrents. 有一天下起了傾盆大雨。why: The reason why he came is not very convincing. 他來(lái)的理由不太有說(shuō)服力。6.句子副詞1) 有些副詞并不修飾動(dòng)詞，而是修飾整個(gè)句子，表示說(shuō)話人的看法：I cant come, unfortunately. 真不巧，我來(lái)不了。Hopefully Well win. 但愿我們能贏。Surprisingly, she has married again. 另人驚訝的是，她又結(jié)婚了。Se

10、riously now, you ought to take more care of your health. 說(shuō)真的，你應(yīng)當(dāng)多注意身體。2）有少數(shù)副詞可以和enough連用，起同樣的作用：I thought it would rain, and sure enough it did. 我想天會(huì)下雨，結(jié)果果然如此。Oddly enough I had no doubt that he would be glad to see me. 說(shuō)也奇怪，我毫不懷疑他會(huì)高興見我。Curiously enough he had never seen the little girl. 說(shuō)也奇怪，他從未見過(guò)這

11、個(gè)小姑娘。6. 一些其它類型的副詞除了以上這些類型的副詞外，還有一些其他類型的副詞，例如：1）表示方向的副詞：Lets go inside. 咱們到里面去。Take two steps forward. 向前走兩步。2）使與上文連接更緊的副詞：He was different, however, from the others. 不過(guò)他和別人不同。Nevertheless, she decided to act. 盡管如此，他決定采取行動(dòng)。3）表示 “方面”的副詞： They suffered economically as a result of that policy. 由于那項(xiàng)政策，他們

12、在經(jīng)濟(jì)上受了損失。 Financially we are doing quite well. 在經(jīng)濟(jì)方面我們情況良好。 Its politically short-sighted not to recognize this. 不認(rèn)識(shí)這一點(diǎn)在政治上是短視的。副詞的位置1. 副詞修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí)，通?？梢苑旁诰涫?、句中或句末。如： Usually I do my homework in the evening. (句首) 通常我晚上做家庭作業(yè)。 I often get up at six. (句中) 我常在6點(diǎn)起床。 Please speak slowly. (句末) 請(qǐng)慢慢說(shuō)。2. 副詞修飾形容詞或副

13、詞時(shí)，通常放在形容詞或副詞的前面，但也有例外。如： These flowers are quite beautiful. （在形容詞前） 這些花相當(dāng)漂亮。 He works very hard. （在副詞前）他工作很努力。 She is old enough to go to school. （在形容詞后）她已到了上學(xué)的年齡。3. 按一般規(guī)則，如果有幾個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，單位大的應(yīng)放在單位小的后面。如： The film will begin at seven oclock this evening. 電影今晚7點(diǎn)開演。 I was born at two oclock on the morning

14、of May15.4. 按一般規(guī)則, 既有地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)又有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)應(yīng)放在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)之前。如： We had a meeting in the classroom yesterday afternoon. 我們昨天下午在教室開了一個(gè)會(huì)。 He watched TV at home last night. 他昨晚在家看電視。2、 副詞等級(jí) 1. 副詞和形容詞一樣，也有原級(jí)、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)三個(gè)等級(jí)。其構(gòu)成方式有規(guī)則變化和 不規(guī)則變化兩種情況。規(guī)則變化的一般規(guī)律是：?jiǎn)我艄?jié)詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)在詞尾加-er或-est; 多音節(jié)詞以及-ly結(jié)尾的副詞（early除外），前面須加more 或most.

15、不規(guī)則的變化式只能采用“各個(gè)擊破”的辦法去記憶。3副詞的比較級(jí)的用法1）單獨(dú)使用：Try to do better next time. 下次爭(zhēng)取干好一點(diǎn)。I had seen the film only a few days earlier. 我是幾天前才看的這部電影。Hell come back sooner or later. 他遲早會(huì)回來(lái)的。Please speak more slowly. 請(qǐng)講慢一點(diǎn)。I determined not to travel farther that night. 我決定那天晚上不再往前走了。2）和than一起使用：He swims better tha

16、n I do. 他游泳游得比我好。He works less than he used to. 他工作的時(shí)間比以前少了。Can you do any better than that? 你能不能干的好一些？He arrived earlier than usual. 他到的比平時(shí)早。He studied the subject further than I do. 這問(wèn)題他研究得比我深。3） 比較級(jí)前可有狀語(yǔ)修飾：You must work much faster. 你必須大大加快干活的速度。He walked no further. 他沒在往前走。She could dance even m

17、ore gracefully than a dancer. 她能比舞蹈演員跳的更美。Helen came late, but her sister came still later. 海倫來(lái)晚了， 而她妹妹來(lái)得更晚。Can you come over a bit more quickly? 你能稍稍快點(diǎn)來(lái)嗎？4. asas和not soas結(jié)構(gòu)這兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)也可結(jié)合副詞使用：1） asas 可用在肯定句中，表示 “像一樣”，后面的副詞要用原級(jí)： She can run as fast as a deer. 她能跑的像鹿一樣快。 They work as hard as you do. 他們工作像你

18、一樣努力。 I hate him as much as you do. 我像你一樣恨他。 Ill be round as quick as I can. 我將盡快過(guò)來(lái)。2）在否定句中，asas和soas都可以用： I dont go there as much as I used. 我現(xiàn)在到那里不象過(guò)去那么多了。 I didnt do as(so) well as I should. 我做的不如我應(yīng)做的那么好。 I cant jump so(as)loudly as Bill. 我跳高不如比爾。 I dont like it so (as) your other works. 我喜歡它不及你的

19、其他作品。3）這種句子中也可以有一個(gè)表示程度的狀語(yǔ)： I dont speak half as (so) well as you. 我講的不及你的一半好。 She can read twice as fast as he does. 她閱讀的速度比他快一倍。The substance reacts three times as fast as the other one. 這種物質(zhì)的反應(yīng)速度是另一種物質(zhì)的三倍。副詞最高級(jí)可修飾動(dòng)詞，前面多數(shù)不帶定冠詞the:He laughs best who laughs last. (諺語(yǔ)) 誰(shuí)笑在最后誰(shuí)笑的最好。Of the four of us, I

20、sang (the) worst. 我們四人中我唱的最差。Of these sports, I like rowing most. 這些運(yùn)動(dòng)中我最喜歡劃船。He went (the) farthest of the explorers. 這些探險(xiǎn)家中他走的最遠(yuǎn)。He likes painting best of all. 他最喜歡繪畫。Who arrived (the) earliest of all? 誰(shuí)到的最早？She behaved most generously. 她表現(xiàn)的最大方。6. 副詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的一些特殊用法副詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)還可用在一些特別結(jié)構(gòu)或短語(yǔ)中：1）more and

21、 more 越來(lái)越:It rained more and more heavily. 雨下得越來(lái)越大了。In need, she liked him more and more. 的確她越來(lái)越喜歡他了。She went farther and farther away. 她越走越遠(yuǎn)了。2）the morethe more 越，越：The more I work, the more I accomplish. 我干得越多，完成的就越多。The more I thought, the more extraordinary did it appear. 我越想，這事就越顯得離奇。3）had bett

22、er 最好：Wed better not disturb him. 我們最好不要打擾他。What had we better do? 我們最好怎么辦？I think Id better be going. 我想我最好還是走。（Had）better not wait for them. 最好別等他們了。4）Know better than (to) do something. 懂得不宜做某事：You ought to know better than to go out without an overcoat on such a cold day?你應(yīng)當(dāng)懂得這樣冷的天氣不穿大衣出去可不行。You

23、 ought to know better than stay away from school. 你該知道不應(yīng)當(dāng)逃學(xué)。He knew better than to mention this to her. 他知道不宜向她提及此事。5）think better (of) 改變主意，決定不這樣做： He was going to leave school, but later he thought better of it.他打算退學(xué)，但后來(lái)改變了主意。 He used to be a radical and has thought better of it.他以前是個(gè)激進(jìn)分子，后來(lái)改變了看法。

24、He was going to answer me back, but he thought better of it.他本來(lái)想和我頂嘴的，但沒有這樣做。6）had best 最好：I had best fax them our plans. 我最好把我們的計(jì)劃傳真給他們。I had best have your opinions first. 我最好先聽聽你的意見。We had best get home before midnight. 我們最好午夜以前到家。 學(xué)完了形容詞，副詞講解起來(lái)會(huì)更容易一些。一般認(rèn)為形容詞+ly就變成了副詞，如形容詞quick加上-ly變成副詞quickly。但是

25、象friendly , lovely 雖然以 ly 結(jié)尾，但實(shí)則是形容詞，She is friendly to me (她對(duì)我很友好。)可千萬(wàn)不要誤認(rèn)為是副詞喲！副詞可修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞和副詞，這些用法相信大家已經(jīng)掌握。那我們挑選一下易混、易用錯(cuò)的來(lái)詳細(xì)講解一下。already 和 yetWhere is Tom He hasnt come yet. But Jack is already here . 這句話中又是 already，又有yet，是怎么回事？原來(lái)already和yet意思雖然相同，但用法有點(diǎn)小區(qū)別。表示事情早已發(fā)生或提前發(fā)生用 already，一般放于句中，用于肯定句和疑問(wèn)句。含

26、有already的肯定句，變?yōu)榉穸ň鋾r(shí)，要將already 變?yōu)閥et，且放在句尾。yet表示預(yù)料要發(fā)生的事未發(fā)生，位于句尾，一般用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。hard 和 hardly：hard，hardly 兩者雖然只有-ly之差，意義卻大不相同。hard表示辛苦，使勁，努力，如：Heworks very hard.(他學(xué)習(xí)非常努力。) 而hardly為否定副詞，表示幾乎不。如：The box is so heavy that he could hardly carry it .（這箱子是那么沉，他幾乎搬不動(dòng)。）ago 和 before：ago 不能單獨(dú)使用，應(yīng)與three days (month

27、s , weeks)等連用, 而且和動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)連用。如： I met my neighbour an hour ago. Before 之前有一段時(shí)間時(shí)，指距這段時(shí)間以前，和過(guò)去完成時(shí)連用。如：He said he had finished the work two days before.（他說(shuō)他兩天前已完成了工作。） 如果before單獨(dú)使用，是泛指以前，常常和完成時(shí)連用。如：I have seen the film before.（我以前沒看過(guò)這部電影。）farther 和 further:far 有兩種比較級(jí)，farther，further. 在英語(yǔ)中兩者都可指距離。如： He ru

28、ns farther than she does.（他比她跑得遠(yuǎn)。）在美語(yǔ)中，farther 表示距離，further表示進(jìn)一步。 如： I have nothing further to say.（我沒什么要說(shuō)的了。）至于副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)問(wèn)題，參照形容詞的就OK了。三、考點(diǎn)精煉 1.Its time for classWed better go to our classroom as _ as we canAslow1y Bquickly Cquietly Deasily 2.After meeting my friend at the airport, I drove her _ to

29、 the hotel.A. directly B. clearly C. luckily D. exactly3.-Whose picture is better, Jacks or Toms?-I like Jacks and I think Jack draws _ TomAbetter than Bworse than Cas good as Das well as4-I always listen to the teacher _ in class-Its very clever of you to do that.Afree Bfreely Ccareful D. carefully

30、5. Remember to e-mail me . All of us hope to hear from you_.A. quickly B. soon C. fast D. quick6. -You speak English much _ than before? -Thank you.A. well B. better C. best D. good7.Zhou Feng has learned English for many years,but he can_understand the English speakers.A.hardly B.certainly C.always

31、 D.almost8. -Mr. Smith, would you please speak a little more _?-Sorry! I thought you could follow me.A. quietly B. quickly C. slowly D. politely9. -Have you seen the film? -No, I have _ seen it before.A. just B. ever C. never D. already10.-How far is it from your home to your school? -Its a quarters

32、 walk, _.A. here and there B. now and then C. up and down D. more or less11. He has _ been to Hainan Island. He expects to go there someday.A. ever B. never C. already D. just12. Will you please drive_? The train is leaving soon.A. quick B slowly. C. faster D. more slowly13. -Can you understand me?

33、-Sorry, I can _understand what you have said.A. hardly B. almost C. nearly D. easily14. Shark is getting old and cannot jump as _ as he did.A. much higher B. higher C. highest D. high 15. Its raining _, they have to stay at home.A. badly B. loudly C. heavily D. hardly16. Bob never does his homework

34、_Mary. He makes lots of mistakes. A. so careful as B. as carefully as C. carefully as D. as careful as17. It is_ nice of you to say so.A. truly B. true C. really D. real18.Though he has studied_at Russian for ten months, he can still_speak the language.A.hard,hard B.hardly,hardly C.hardly,hard D. ha

35、rd,hardly19. This question is _ more difficult than that one.A. rather B. quite C. very D. a little20. Dont worry, sir. Im sure I can run _ to catch up with them.A. slowly enough B. enough slowly C. fast enough D. enough fast 答案： 1-5 BAADB 6-10 BACCD 11-15 BCADC 16-20 BCDDC 4、 真題演練（2010四川省成都市31. 1）T

36、he food I cook isnt delicious ,but _I can look after myself.A.at first B.at last C.at least【答案】C（2010浙江省湖州市18，1）-Im not sure what to get morn for her birthday. -Oh,Ive idea._.A.too B.neither C.either D.also【答案】C（2010河南省28，1）I often laugh when I see my grandma learning pop songs But she says，One is n

37、ever_old to learnA.too B.so C.very D.quite【答案】A（2010湖北省荊州市17，1） -Do you think yesterdays math problem was difficult?-Yes. I could _ work it out.Ahardly Beasily Cfinally Dnearly 【答案】A（2010福建省晉江市37，1） -Dont worry.My mother will look after your baby _.-Thanks a lot.A. careful enough B. enough careful C

38、. carefully enough【答案】C（2010福建省晉江市38，1）-Who teaches _English?-No one.I teach _.A. you;myself B. your;myself C. you;me【答案】A(2010河北省卷29.1) The Internet is very useful for us. We can_find information.A. easy B. easily C. hard D. hardly【答案】B(2010江蘇省鹽城市4.1)-Peter looks sporty.-Yes.He is the_runner in my

39、class.A.slower B.slowest C.faster D.fastest【答案】D(2010江蘇省鹽城市6. 1)They clapped and shouted_when they saw Yao Ming appear on the playground.A.hardly B.quietly C.excitedly D.angrily【答案】C(2010四川省內(nèi)江市28. 1)Mr White said that he had _visited the Great Wall before.Its his first time to come to China.A.ever B

40、.never C.once【答案】A(2010山東省濰坊市25. 1)China is developing_of all the countries in the world.A.fast B.faster C.fastest D.the most fast【答案】C（2010江蘇省南京市5. 1）-Did you love your day trip? -Yes,we enjoyed the roller coaster _of all.A.most B.little C.more D.less【答案】A(2010浙江省衢州市19. 1) As we all know, smoking i

41、s bad for us ,_ for children.A. especially B. recently C. probably D. Nearly【答案】A(2010江蘇省無(wú)錫市11. 1)I cant find my watch,but it must be_in this room.A.everywhere B.nowhere C.anywhere D.somewhere【答案】D（2010陜西省23，1）Sometimes it rains _in Xian in summer.A.heavy B.heavily C.strong D.strongly【答案】B（2010湖北省十堰

42、市31，1）-Mr Smith ,would you please speak a little more _?-Sorry ! I thought you would follow me.A.slowly B.politely C.seriously D.clearly【答案】A （2010山東省聊城市30，1）I think the blue shirt books _better on you than the red one.A.quite B.more C.much D.very【答案】C（2010山東省聊城市37，1）We all worked hard and _we found

43、 out what had really happened.A.at first B.by the way C.at last D.in fact【答案】C（2010山東省菏澤市24，1） I _ ride a bike to school. But this morning I took a taxi because I got up late.A. never B. sometimes C. seldom D. usually【答案】D（2010黑龍江省哈爾濱市25，1）The FIFA World Cup is _ fantastic that a lot of people in th

44、e world are crazy (瘋狂的) about it.A. such B. so C. very 【答案】B（2010湖北省黃石市36，1）Look , your clothes are wet through. It must be raining _.A. loudly B. heavity C. clearly D. normally【答案】B（2010湖北省襄樊市35，1）- _ do you study study for a test ?- I study by working with a group .A.Where B. How C. When D. Why【答案

45、】B（2010湖北省荊門市31，1）- Does Antonia always finish his homework on time?- Yes, of course. He _leaves todays work for tomorrow.A. also B. hardly C. only D. usually【答案】B（2010廣西省定西市5，1） - _are you going to the airportA. What B. How C. When D. Why【答案】B（2010廣西省定西市10，1）He doesnt play the violin so _as his fat

46、er.A. good B. better C. well D. best【答案】C(2010福建三明24, 1)-Would you please drive_,Nick?Its a little late.-Id like to,but safety must come first.A.more slowly B.more quickly C.more carefully【答案】B（2010山東省泰安市，29，1）-Why do you always watch Channel 10 instead of Channel 5 ,Grandpa?-The programs on Channel 10 are _better.A.more much B.much more C.more D.much【答案】B（2010沈陽(yáng)市5，1）-Have you _ joined in a dragon boat race?-Ye