給排水專業(yè)英語詞匯匯總

1、unit oneDistribution system分配系統(tǒng)Grid system 環(huán)狀管網(wǎng)ring system環(huán)狀管網(wǎng)loop feeder 環(huán)狀管網(wǎng)branching system 枝狀管網(wǎng)combination system 聯(lián)合管網(wǎng)（combined system）Topography地形學，地形，地貌，地勢dead end死水點feeder 給水管，進料器Elevation地面標高valve 閥門，真空管water supply 給水，自來水，供水系統(tǒng)service reservoir 配水池（調(diào)節(jié)水池）pump 泵storage element （儲水）構(gòu)筑物70m head

2、70米水柱leakage rate 泄漏量（泄漏率）hydraulic 水力的，水壓的hydraulic analysis 水力分析field measurement 現(xiàn)場測量（實測）field date 實測數(shù)據(jù)key point管網(wǎng)節(jié)點pipe junctions 管網(wǎng)節(jié)點node （key point, junction）節(jié)點sign convention符號規(guī)約positive clockwise 取順時針方向為正head loss 水頭損失iterative solution 迭代解loop method 環(huán)路法flow, runoff, discharge 流量Sanitary 環(huán)

3、境衛(wèi)生的（尤指清除廢物）Sewer 下水道，污水管Sanitary sewer 生活污水管道Connection連接管，排出管Cast-iron pipe 鑄鐵管（補充內(nèi)容）PVC 聚氯乙烯Grade line 坡度線slope 傾斜度，坡度 collecting sewer 污水支管Interceptor 截流污水管（intercepting sewer）Domestic民用的，生活的Manhole 人孔，檢查井drainage 排污系統(tǒng)，排水裝置，下水道sewerage system 污水工程系統(tǒng)invert 管道內(nèi)底Pump station 泵站unit twoContaminant 污

4、染物ground water 地下水surface water 地表水wastewater 污廢水Floating materials漂浮物suspended materials懸浮物Colloidal materials 膠體物質(zhì)colloidal particles 膠體微粒Dissolved materials 溶解物質(zhì)Dissolved gases 溶解氣體Microorganisms微生物（microbe）organic and inorganic constituents 有機和無機成分hardness-ion 硬度離子hardness 硬度carbon dioxide二氧化碳hy

5、drogen sulfide 硫化氫Alga(algae) 水藻，藻類Clay 粘土 silt泥沙，淤泥pathogenic病原體，致病菌，病原菌Bacteria 細菌Ammonia 氨，氨水Methane gas甲烷，沼氣turbidity 濁度taste 味odor 臭drinking water 飲用水water sample 水樣suspension 懸浮液 turbidity unit (TU) 濁度單位 turbidimeter 濁度表，濁度儀Solubility 溶度，溶解性Metabolism 新陳代謝standard color solution 標準比色液threshold

6、 odor number 臭閾值boiler feed water 鍋爐給水boiler water supply鍋爐給水demineralize 去除礦物質(zhì)scale deposit 水垢，積垢Outfall 出水口，排水口chemical clarification 化學（法）澄清coagulation 混凝 coagulant 混凝劑sedimentation 沉淀filtration 過濾disinfection 消毒synthetic polymer 合成聚合物Activated carbon 活性炭Chlorine 氯sedimentation basin 沉淀池oxidize 使

7、氧化，使生銹soften 軟化settle-able 會沉淀的Aeration曝氣 通風unit threeplain settling 自由沉淀detention time 滯留時間Flocculation 絮凝Flocs 絮凝體coagulant aid 助凝劑 (flocculation aid) natural alkalinity 自然堿度high-molecular compound 高分子化合物jar test 燒杯實驗Centrifugal 離心的low-lift pump 低揚程水泵suction line 吸入管線索impeller 葉輪pump casing 泵殼Padd

8、le-type flocculator 槳板式絮凝器（池）Clarifier 澄清池up flow clarifier 升流式澄清池contact tank 接觸反應(yīng)池Sedimentation basins 沉淀池inlet baffle 進水擋板effluent weir 出水堰tube settler 管式沉淀池influent flow 入流reaction jet structure 噴流結(jié)構(gòu)finger launder 指形槽結(jié)構(gòu)effluent launder 出流槽cross baffle 橫向擋板settling tank 沉淀池（settler）aqueous suspen

9、sion 水懸浮液shallower basin 淺池parallel-plate settler 斜板沉淀池tube settler 斜管沉淀池feed rate 這里指水流速度laminar flow 層流filter medium 過濾介質(zhì)（濾料）anthracite 無煙煤mixed-media 復合濾料back-wash 反沖洗hydraulic grading水力分級High-Rate Sedimentation Basins 高效澄清池Slow and Rapid Sand Filter慢砂濾池和快砂濾池Mixed-media Filter 復合濾料濾池specific grav

10、ity 比重filter cycle 過濾周期oxidation potential 氧化電勢，氧化性reduction potential 還原電勢，還原性ozone 臭氧Oxidant 氧化劑Reducer 還原劑germicidal property殺菌能力（germicide殺菌劑）molecular weight 分子量Halogen 鹵素pilot 試驗性的Chlorination 氯化，用氯處理water-borne disease 水傳播病THMS 三鹵甲烷breakpoint chlorination 折點加氯breakpoint dosage折點劑量free (availa

11、ble) chlorine 自由性氯chlorine demand 需氯量combined chlorine 化合性氯unit fourWater Pollution水污染Organic wastes有機廢物municipal waste 市政污水Dissolved oxygen 溶解氧（DO）slightly soluble 微溶于水的Saturation 飽和狀態(tài)saturation concentration 飽和濃度biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)生化需氧量pollutant 污染物Biodegradable 可生物降解的chemical oxygen d

12、emand (COD) 化學需氧量oxidizing agent 氧化劑wastewater treatment plant 污水處理廠total suspended solids （TSS）總懸浮固體mixed liquor suspended-solids(MLSS) 混合液懸浮固體濃度volatile suspended solids (VSS) 揮發(fā)性固體wastewater analysis 污水水質(zhì)分析water pollution control水污染控制Anaerobic 厭氧菌的，厭氧引起的Aerobic 需氧的，好氧的unit fivePrimary treatment 一

13、級處理screen 格柵grit chamber 沉砂池settler 沉淀池V-notch weir三角堰primary clarifier 初沉池turbulence 紊流primary effluent 一級出水secondary treatment 二級處理biological treatment system 生物處理系統(tǒng)activated-sludge system 活性污泥系統(tǒng)aeration basin 曝氣池return activated sludge （RAS）回流污泥air diffuser 空氣擴散器step aeration activated-sludge process 階段曝氣活性污泥法BOD-SS loading BOD污泥負荷mixed liquor suspended-solids(MLSS) 混合液懸浮固體濃度sequential batch reactor (SBR)