中考考點(diǎn)之虛擬語(yǔ)氣[共6頁(yè)]

1、成都戴氏教育三臺(tái)總校 中考考點(diǎn)之虛擬語(yǔ)氣教學(xué)目標(biāo)：學(xué)習(xí)表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣的結(jié)構(gòu)。 學(xué)習(xí)使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣提出建議。教學(xué)內(nèi)容：一、定義：虛擬語(yǔ)氣：用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話(huà)人的主觀愿望或假想，而不是表客觀存在的事實(shí)，所說(shuō)的是一個(gè)條 件，而不一定是事實(shí)，或與事實(shí)相反。 e.g：If I were you, I would tell him the truth. e.g：If I had a plane, I could fly to school every morning. 二、分類(lèi) If 條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 虛擬語(yǔ)氣 賓語(yǔ)從句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣 其他情況的虛擬語(yǔ)氣1. If 條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 e.g：If I

2、 were a bird, I would fly in the sky. If I had known his telephone number, I would have called him. If it should /were to rain, we would call off the match.虛擬語(yǔ)氣主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)If+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式（be用were）主語(yǔ)+should, would,might,could+動(dòng)詞原形與過(guò)去相反的事實(shí)的假設(shè)If +主語(yǔ)+had +過(guò)去分詞主語(yǔ)+should, would, might, could+have done與將來(lái)相反的事

3、實(shí)的假設(shè)1. If+ 主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式2. If+主語(yǔ)+were to +動(dòng)詞原形3. If+ 主語(yǔ)+should+動(dòng)詞原形主語(yǔ)+should, would, might, could+動(dòng)詞原形與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反： e.g：If had the time, John would make a trip to China to see the Great Wall. If I were you, I would give up drinking immediately.與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反： e.g：If you should lose, what would you do? If I were to s

4、ee her tomorrow, I would tell her the truth. If you went there next time, you would see what I mean.與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反： e.g：If Id known that it was going to rain, I would never have gone for a walk in the country.（1）在條件句中，可省略if, 把were, had, should, 提到句首，變?yōu)榈寡b句式。 e.g：If I were at school again, I would study hard

5、er. Were I at school again, I would study harder. If you had come earlier, you would have met him. Had you come earlier, you would have not go climbing. If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. Had you asked me, I would have told you. (=If you had asked me,)2. 賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣（1）Wish后面的賓語(yǔ)從句。一

6、般用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示一種不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。主要有三種情況： A. 表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的愿望，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式。 e.g：I wish I had your brains. 我希望我有你那樣的頭腦。 I wish I were a pop singer. (=I am sorry I am not a pop singer.) B. 表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的愿望，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：had + done e.g：I wish I had known the truth of the matter. 我希望我那時(shí)就知道這件事的真相。（事實(shí)是那時(shí)還不知道。） I wish I had never stopped t

7、eaching. (=I am sorry I stopped teaching.) C. 表示將來(lái)難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：should/would(情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)+動(dòng)詞原形 e.g：I wish I should have a chance again. 我希望我還能有一次這樣的機(jī)會(huì)。（事實(shí)是很難再有的機(jī)會(huì)。） I wish theyd let us get some sleep注意：wish與hope接賓語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別在于：hope表示一般可以實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望，賓語(yǔ)從句用陳 述語(yǔ)氣。wish表示很難或不大可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望,賓語(yǔ)從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。試比較： e.g：We hope they will com

8、e,(We dont know if they can come.) We wish they could come,(We know they are not coming.)（2） 一想要（desire); 一寧愿（prefer）; 二命令（order,common）; 三建議（advise, suggest, propose/recommend); 四要求（demand, require, request, ask, insist）， 無(wú)論是主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為何種時(shí)態(tài)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都用“should + do”。Should可以省略。 e.g：We suggested that the m

9、eeting (should) be put off. They insisted that the boy (should) go with them. 注意：suggest當(dāng)表示“暗示、表明”講時(shí)，insist 表示“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”之意，應(yīng)用陳述語(yǔ)氣。 e.g：The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work. The man insisted that he had never stolen the money. 3. 其他情況的虛擬語(yǔ)氣（1）It is (high/about) time that.表示：

10、“早該做某事了”，從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式或should + 動(dòng)詞原 形，should 不能省略。 e.g：It is high time that you did/should do sports. Its time (that) you had a hair cut. Its high time (that) we took some action.（2）If only 引導(dǎo)的感嘆句（要是.改有多好?。?表示現(xiàn)在的情況，用過(guò)去時(shí)； 表示過(guò)去的情況，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 e.g：I only I knew the answer! If only I had seen the film yester

11、day.（3）Would rather +從句（動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式或過(guò)去完成時(shí)） e.g：I would rather you told me the truth. I would rather you had gone there last Sunday.（4）as if (as though)看起來(lái)，常用虛擬形式， 表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，用過(guò)去式； 表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 e.g： He treats/treated the boy as if he were his own son. He speaks/spoke as if he had known about it. （5）ev

12、en if (even though)即使 e.g：Even if he were here, he could not solve the problem. Even if I had been busy then, I would have helped you.（6）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ have done could have done 本來(lái)可以. might have done 本來(lái)可能. should/ought to have done本來(lái)應(yīng)該做. shouldnt /ought not to have done本不應(yīng)該做. you shouldnt have told her the t

13、ruth. neednt have done 本不必做. would have done 本來(lái)回去做.虛擬語(yǔ)氣練習(xí)(1) . If I you, I would go by plane. Flying is much faster. A. be B. was C. were D. am(2). I do not think those people are really English. If they were, they speak with French accents. A. dont B. will not C. mustnt D. wouldnt (3) today, would

14、we be able to get there by Tuesday? A. Were we leaving B. If we leave C. Would we leave D. Were we to leave(4). If Jone tomorrow, what would you do? A. were not to come B. will not come C. would not come D. had not come(5). -“She didnt ask me, so I didnt help her?” -“You mean to say , you wouldve he

15、lped her ?” A. if she asked you B. if she were to ask you C.had she asked you C. were she to ask you(6). They took the injured straight to the hospital. Otherwise some of them . A. might have died B. might die C. would die D. could die(7). If they had known him, to him? A. would they have talked B.

16、would they talk C.had they talked D. they would talk(8). If I lived in the city, I traveal in croweded buses, but I to see lots offilms. A. shall have to/shall be able B. shall have to/am able C. would have to/were able D. would have to/would be able(9). I would have gone to the concert, if I time.

17、A. had had B. have had C. had D. would have had(10) . I know it, I would have told you. A. Have B. If C. Had D. Having(11). your help, I would not have succeeded. A. Because B. Because of C. But D. But for(12). -“What did Mr Smith say about his career?” -“Only that if he a millionaire, he would have

18、 fewer worries.” A. did not become B. had not become C. does not become D. has not become(13).- “Why didnt you help him?” -“I would have I didnt have the money.” A. still B. but C. otherwise D. or(14). “Who should go to see Li Ying? He is ill today.” “I suggest Wang Hong .” A. goes B. would go C. go

19、 D. went(15). The housemaster was strict. He requested that we television on weeknights. A. not watch B. must not to watch C. not be watching D. have not watch(16) . I cant speak Japanese, but I do wish I . A. can B. could C. had D. speak(17). -“Are you enjoying your stay here? -“Yes, very much. I w

20、ish I have to leave so soon.” A. wont B. dont C. mustnt D. didnt(18). -“What will you do during the summer holidays?” -“I dont know, but its about time on something.” A. Im deciding B. Ill decide C. I decided D. Id decided(19). Id rather you anything about it for the time being. A. say B. didnt say

21、C. dont say D. not say(20) . -“Why do you have to be there at six?” -“The teacher demands that everyone in his seat at six.” A. would be B. can be C. be D. will be(21). He makes a note of the assignment lest he it. A. forgets B. forget C. will forget D. will not forget(22). -“how does the librarian

22、act?” -“He acts as if he a walking dictionary.” A. were B. be C. is D. has been(23). There is a law that drunken drivers severely punished. A. were B. are C. be D. will be(24). I wish you interrupt when Im talking on the phone. A. will not B. would not C. do not D. did not(25). Henry talks to his do

23、g as if it him. A. understands B. understood C. understand D. would understand(26). Jeff looked as if he a ghost. A. saw B. has seen C. had seen D. would see(27). Give her my best regards, . A. should you see her today B. if you saw her today C. if you would see her today D. should you have seen her today(28). There was a suggestion by the teachers that the meeting postponed for a week. A. had been B. would be C. was D. should be(29). It is highly desirable that every effort