人教版高中英語必修三 第一單元詞匯與短語.doc

人教版高中英語必修三Unit 1 Festivals around the worldI. 核心單詞1. starve 餓死 2. obvious 明顯的 3. satisfy 滿足；使?jié)M意 4. lead 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)；引導(dǎo)5. origin 起源；源頭 6. trick 詭計(jì)，竅門；欺騙，詐騙 7. arrival 到來，到達(dá) 8. national 國家的 9. gain 得到，獲得 10. independence 獨(dú)立 11. gather 集合 12. European 歐洲的 13. custom 習(xí)俗，風(fēng)俗 14. award 獎(jiǎng)品; 授予 II. 重點(diǎn)短語1. take place 發(fā)生 2. day and night 日夜 3. in memory of 紀(jì)念；追念 4. dress up 盛裝；打扮 5. play a trick on 詐騙；開玩笑 6. look forward to 期盼；盼望 7. as though 好像 8. have fan with 玩得開心 9. turn up 出現(xiàn)；到場(chǎng) 10. keep ones word 守信用 11. hold ones breath 12. Set off 出發(fā) 13. remind of 使想起 III. 課文內(nèi)涵及外延短語及其用法1. Mean 意欲，打算，意味(1)sb./sth. be meant /intended to do 某人/某物專門被用來做E.g. The students in that university are meant to be teachers.E.g His father meant him to be a businessman. (2)sb./sth. be meant/intended for 打算使某人/某物為 所用/做 E.g He was meant for teaching. (3)mean sb. for 打算讓某人成為 E.g He didnt mean for a translator. (4) mean to do sth. 打算做某事 E.g He meant to go to America. (5) mean doing sth. (6) mean something/nothing2. celebration 慶祝；慶典in celebration of 為了慶祝E.g. They decided to hold a party in celebration of their fathers birthday. have/ hold a celebration 舉行慶祝會(huì)/慶典celebrated adj. = famous adj. 著名的，馳名的3. take place 發(fā)生，舉行，進(jìn)行take the place of 代替E.g. He will take the place of the manager when the manager go abroad. take ones place 代替某人；就坐E.g. Please, take my place during I am in France for a business visit. take (the)first place 居首位，得第一4. take place , happen, occur, come about, break out take place 表示按照事先是我安排或計(jì)劃發(fā)生，多指運(yùn)動(dòng)，變化，進(jìn)步，會(huì)議或婚禮等的發(fā)生或舉行。happen 指偶然或以外的發(fā)生。Occur 正式用語，表示偶然發(fā)生或按計(jì)劃使某物發(fā)生或產(chǎn)生效果。occur to 表示“想起，想到”。come about 既可以表達(dá)正面事情的發(fā)生，也可以表達(dá)負(fù)面事情的發(fā)生。break out 僅用于負(fù)面事物，指戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，水災(zāi)，疾病，地震等突然發(fā)生。 5. starve 餓死 vt./vi. starve for = be starved for /of 渴望得到，迫切需要E.g. We starve for knowledge. starvation. 饑餓， 餓死6. satisfy 使?jié)M足，使?jié)M意(1) satisfy ones need /demand 滿足某人的需求、要求(2) satisfy ones curiosity 滿足某人的好奇心 (3) to ones satisfaction 使某人滿意的是(4) be satisfied with 對(duì).感到滿意 E.g. We werent satisfied with our treatment in the hotel, so we shall complain to the proprietor. (5) be satisfied to do sth. 做某事感到滿意 E,g. He was satisfied to be treated as an important person at the party. (6) satisfied 感到滿意的(7) satisfying 令人滿意的7. honour/honor （1） 表揚(yáng)E.g. He was honoured for his courage in the war. （2） 光榮；榮幸E.g. It is a great honor to be invited. （3） 崇敬pay / show /give honour to sb. （4） in honour of 為了紀(jì)念； 為向.表示尊敬（5） have the honour of doing/ to do sth. （極客氣的問話）能榮幸的去做.嗎/E.g. Do I have the honour to dance with you?8. harm 傷害；危害harm sb./ sth. = do harm to sb. / sth. 傷害某人或某物be harmful to 對(duì)有害E.g. Dirty air is harmful to our health. 9. dress up 盛裝；打扮E.g. She likes to dress up for a party.dress (sb./ oneself) in + 衣服/顏色 給別人/自己穿dress sb. /oneself as 把別人或自己打扮成sb. be dressed in .某人穿著E.g. She always dresses herself in red.= She is always dressed in red. She dressed herself as a model to attend the interview. 10. Gain (1)得到，獲得.(2)（表）走得快 E.g. My watch gains two minutes every day. gain 指需要付出很大的努力，或通過勞動(dòng)，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，斗爭(zhēng)等才能得到的。Win 指在較強(qiáng)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中取得勝利，贏得某物；其后常接game,war,prize,fame, battle, medal 等。Earn 后通常接金錢，報(bào)酬，謀生，地位等，暗示獲得物與所花力氣相互成比例。11. independence 獨(dú)立independent adj. 獨(dú)立的depend on /upon 決定于；依靠，依賴dependent adj. 依靠的，依賴的dependable adj. 可靠的，可信賴的12. award （1）獎(jiǎng)品；獎(jiǎng)金；獎(jiǎng)狀win /receive an award 得獎(jiǎng)（2）頒獎(jiǎng)；授獎(jiǎng) award sb. for sth/as . = sb. be awarded for /as . 某人因/作為而得獎(jiǎng)E.g. The school awarded the English teacher for her hard work. (3) 裁判; 判決E.g. The judge awarded a great deal of money to those died in the traffic accident. award 獎(jiǎng)金；獎(jiǎng)品reward 報(bào)酬，回報(bào)，酬金，酬勞,側(cè)重由于付出努力和勞動(dòng)而得到的回報(bào)或酬勞。as a reward for 作為對(duì).的回答/報(bào)答13. clothing 不可數(shù)名詞，衣服的總稱。作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)clothes 統(tǒng)指身上穿的衣服，不與具體數(shù)字連用，但可與several/some/many 連用。作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用