初中英語代詞練習(xí)題及詳解.doc

代詞課堂例題講解正誤辨析誤Toms mother is taller than my.正Toms mother is taller than mine.析形容詞性物主代詞可以作定語，也就是講它可以作形容詞，如：my book，而這句話的意思是：湯姆的媽媽比我的媽媽高。比較的對象是my mother,也就是mine。誤We have a lot of homework to do today. So we need two or three hours to finish them.正We have a lot of homework to do today. So we need two or three hours to finish it.析在應(yīng)用代詞時，要注意人稱，格與數(shù)的一致性。這里it所代替的是不可數(shù)名詞homework， 所以應(yīng)用it。誤He and you should go to the library to return the books.正You and he should go to the library to return the books.析這主要是英語習(xí)慣上的用法。當(dāng)兩個以上的人稱代詞并列時其排列順序一般為you, he, she, I,而復(fù)數(shù)時為we, you， they:如男女并列時，應(yīng)先男后女，如：He and she 如果在表示不好意思，承擔(dān)責(zé)任時，單數(shù)時用，I, he, she, you, 復(fù)數(shù)時用They, you， we, 如：Tom and I are good friends.You, he and I must go to play the game for our team this afternoon.We, you and they have been there before.I, he and you have to pay for it.誤He or his brother is doing their homework.正He or his brother is doing his homework.析由eitheror, neithernor, or 連接兩個主語時，如果兩主語是單數(shù)時，用單數(shù)代詞，如兩主語是復(fù)數(shù)時，用復(fù)數(shù)代詞，如：Either teachers or students want to do their best to help the old man.如是一單一復(fù)兩名詞時，一般將單數(shù)名詞放在前，復(fù)數(shù)名詞放在后，要用復(fù)數(shù)代詞，如：The teacher or his students will clean their classroom together.誤His brother is taller than him.正His brother is taller than he.析than是連詞，其后應(yīng)視為省略句，than he is.所以要注意區(qū)分其主格與賓格的用法。I like you as much as she.正I like you as much as her.析asas 其后也應(yīng)看作是省略句。應(yīng)為as I like her.所以應(yīng)用賓格。而第一句應(yīng)譯為我像她那樣喜歡你。兩句語法都是對的但含義不同。誤Myself did it yesterday.正I myself did it yesterday.正I did it myself yesterday.析反身代詞不可作主語，但可以用作主語的同位語。誤Take care of ourselves.正Take care of yourselves .(yourself)析祈始句的主語應(yīng)看作第二人稱you.誤Please bring your daughter with yourself.正Please bring your daughter with you.析反身代詞不能作介詞賓語，除非是由不及物動詞與介詞組成的動詞短語，如： The old woman spoke to herself.誤Make yourself home.正Make yourself at home.析這是英語中的習(xí)慣用法，意為“像在家里一樣”。這樣的用法還有：enjoy oneself 玩得開心make yourself at home 像在家中一樣help yourself to something 自己拿某物lost oneself 迷路seat oneself 就坐dress oneself 穿衣誤Whos this speaking.Thats Mary.正Whos that speaking.This is Mary.析在電話用語中，this指講話人自己，而that指對方。誤The days in summer are longer than this in winter.正The days in summer are longer than those in winter.析在比較句中往往為了避免重復(fù)，可以用that或those取代前面提到的事物，如是單數(shù)時用that,復(fù)數(shù)時用those，如：The weather in Beijing is hotter than that in Chang Chun.誤It is so a good book that everyone likes to read.正It is such a good book that everyone likes to read.正It is so good a book that everyone likes to read.析在可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時可用so+形容詞+不定冠詞+名詞+that從句，也可用such+不定冠詞+形容詞+that從句。在不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)時，只用such, 如：It is such good weather that I want to go swimming. They are such good books that I want to buy them all.在many, much, few, little這4個詞前僅能用so,如： She has so much money that she can buy everything she wants.而在so與that之間僅存形容詞時，則不能用such,如:She is so sweet that everyone likes her.誤I want to buy a same dictionary as yours.正I want to buy the same dictionary as yours.析same與定冠詞the是固定搭配不可更改。這樣的用法還有all the same(仍然)。誤I hope she might pass the exam.I dont hope so.正I hope she might pass the exam.I hope not.析在作肯定回答時，I think so. I hope so. I believe so.但作否定回答時為：I dont think so. I hope/believe not.誤He studied very hard this term. So she did.正 He studied very hard this term. So did she.誤 English is difficult to learn. So is it.正 English is difficult to learn. So it is.析在對話中如果某一動作同時適用于兩個主語，這時在答語中要用縮寫且要用倒裝句。如第一組句，即studied hard既適用于he,也適用于she.但答語僅僅是對前句的重復(fù)，即僅僅是第一句的縮寫時則不要用倒裝句。如第二組句子為：英語難學(xué)。答語為：是的，難學(xué)。這時縮寫的答語不要用倒裝句。誤Everyone should do ones best.正Everyone should do his best.析one作代詞時，它的復(fù)數(shù)形式是ones,所有格形式是ones，反身代詞為oneself.如果講One should do ones best.則是對句。如果one與別的詞組成其他詞，如： someone, anyone, everyone或only one 則要用his/her，來作其所有格形式。誤 Who won the game? None.正 Who won the game? No one.析由who提問的句子的否定回答中的簡略說法是no one,而由How many提問的句子的否定回答中的簡略語是None.如：How many books are there? None.誤There are many trees on either sides of the street.正There are many trees on either side of the street.正There are many trees on both sides of the street.析either作代詞時由兩個含意，其一是兩者中隨便哪一個，如：You can take either.其二是兩者中的每一個。但要注意的是either后要加單數(shù)名詞，如果作主語則謂語動詞也要用單數(shù)形式。誤Either you or I are right.正Either you or I am right.析在eitheror,或neithernor連接兩個主語時，其謂語動詞要與和其相近的那個主語相配。誤I have three sisters. Neither of them is a doctor.正I have three sisters. None of them is a doctor.析neither用于兩者中無一是，而none則用于多于兩者中的人或事物無一是。誤He doesnt like Beijing opera. I dont like too.正He doesnt like Beijing opera, I dont like either.析either作為“也”講時，要用于否定句中，而too則用于肯定句中。誤We like both this little boy.正We both like this little boy.析both作同位語時，它在句中的位置有：在be動詞之后，如：We are both students.在實(shí)意動詞之前，如：The parents both want to go to the cinema.用于第一助動詞之后，如：We have both read these English novels.使用時要注意以下句子的實(shí)際含意：Both of us are not right.應(yīng)譯為：我們倆不都對。Neither of us is right.才應(yīng)譯為：我倆都不對。又如：I cant give you both of the books.意為：兩本書我不能全給你，而I cant give you either of the books.才為：兩本書我全不能給你。誤We each has a ticket for the concert.正We each have a ticket for the concert.析each作句子主語時其謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式，如：Each of us wants to learn English well，但each作同位語時，則應(yīng)以原名詞的數(shù)為準(zhǔn)。誤Every of us has to pass the exam.正Each of us has to pass the exam.析every只可作形容詞，不可作代詞，而each既可作形容詞，又可作代詞，在作形容詞時each側(cè)重強(qiáng)調(diào)個體，而every 則側(cè)重于全體。誤Everyone of us should do housework two hours a day.正Every one of us should do housework two hours a day.析everyone不可與of結(jié)構(gòu)相連接使用，而every one則可以這樣用。誤I should read English everyday.正I should read English every day.析要注意的是every day是“每天”，而everyday則是形容詞為“日常的”。如：everyday English日常英語，everyday life日常生活。誤There are trees on every sides of the street.正There are trees on each side of the street. 析every用于三者或三者以上的每一個，而each用于二者或二者以上的每一個。因?yàn)榻值乐挥袃蓚?cè)，所以只能用each而不能用every.誤All my parents are engineers.正Both my parents are engineers.析all用于三者或三者以上的全部，而both 則用于兩者的全部。誤All of students might make some mistakes.正All of the students might make some mistakes.正All students might make some mistakes.析非特指的名詞前可用all但不可用all of結(jié)構(gòu)，也就是講all of結(jié)構(gòu)后面的名詞前一定要有定冠詞。其他與all有關(guān)的習(xí)慣用法還有：all the year round, all week, all day, all winter誤The all village was flooded.正All the village was flooded.析all作修飾語時要用在所有修飾詞之前。誤The post office is on other side of the street.正The post office is on the other side of the street.析單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞如在泛指某一個時用another,而特指時則要用the other,因街道只有兩邊，而不在這邊必定是在另一邊，所以要用特指。請參考下表的用法以便于記憶。 單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù) 泛指 another形容詞 作定語 作名詞 another代詞 other others 特指 the other形容詞 the other代詞 the other the others 誤There are ten students here Where are the others students?正There are ten students here.Where are the others?正There are ten students here Where are the other students?析the others=the other students.誤The old man has two sons. One is a teacher, another is a doctor.正The old man has two sons. One is a teacher, the other is a doctor.析another用于泛指，如：Is it far from here to the station?-Im sorry. I have no idea. One may say it is quite near; another may say it is far from here.但在特指時則要用the other.它可以用作定語，the other one,也可以用作代詞the other,但the other用作代詞時它的含意一定是單數(shù)。如果指三者或者三者以上的情況時，則要用oneanotherthe other.或者onea secondthe third誤Some people like sports. The others like reading.正Some people like sports. Others like reading.析在泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前用someothersothers來表示某些人某些人某些人。誤Please remember to water the flowers each other day.正Please remember to water the flowers every other day.析every other day為每隔一天。是習(xí)慣用法，不要隨意改動。又如：on the other hand另一方面。誤Many know him， but few likes him.正Many know him, but few like him.析few用于可數(shù)名詞，意為幾乎沒有，但few作主語時謂語動詞則要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，而a few為有一些。誤You have few friends, havent you?正You have few friends, have you?析little與few用于句中時，均要按否定句看待。誤Much of what you said are true.正Much of what you said is true.析much用于不可數(shù)名詞，作主語時用單數(shù)謂語動詞。而many用于可數(shù)名詞，它作主語時用復(fù)數(shù)形式的謂語動詞。誤This room is enough large for the students to live in.正This room is large enough for the students to live in.析enough 可以用作代詞，如：There is enough of the food. 又如：Enough has been done for the work，但enough 還可以作形容詞來修飾名詞，這時enough可以放在名詞之前，也可放在名詞之后，如：money enough 與enough money都是對的。但當(dāng)enough作副詞修飾形容詞時，則只能置于形容詞之后了。誤I want any books to read. Do you have any?正I want some books to read. Do you have any?析按照語法any用于疑問句和否定句，而some用于肯定句。誤Would you like any thing to drink?正Would you like something to drink?析在由would you like發(fā)出的問句中，表達(dá)了說話者真心實(shí)意要為對方提供些飲料，或在說話者想得到對方的肯定答復(fù)時，在疑問句中要用some而不用any。誤Someone want to meet you.正Someone wants to meet you.析不定代詞應(yīng)被看作單數(shù)，即使用and連接兩個不定代詞，也要看作單數(shù)，如：Anyone and everyone has the right. 任何人，每一個人都有這樣的權(quán)力。誤New York is much colder in winter than before.正It is much colder in New York in winter than before.析it常常用在英文的句子中來代表時間、距離、天氣、自然現(xiàn)象，或用在句中作形式主語或賓語，如：It is ten oclock now. (代時間)It is far from here to the airport. (代距離)It is very hot.(代天氣)It is very difficult to learn English well. (作形式主語)We found it very difficult to answer the question. (作形式賓語)誤Be careful. Dont drink too many.正Be careful. Dont drink too much.析這里much所代的應(yīng)是飲料或水，所以應(yīng)為不可數(shù)名詞。 代詞加強(qiáng)練習(xí)題1 These are books. Yours are over there.A I B my C me D mine2 is she? She is a teacher.A What B How C Who D Where3 is wrong with my watch. It has stopped.A Something, working B Something, to workC Any thing, working D Anything, to work4 Mary, help to the bananas, please.A you B your C yourself D yourselves5 do you go to school every day? By bus.A How B Why C When D Where6 My skirt is popular than.A much, her B much, hers C more, her D more, hers7 Can you speak English? Yes, but only.A few B a few C little D a little8 Mr.Smith is an old friend of.A I B me C my D mine9 “ do you hear from your parents?”“About once a month.”A How long B How manyC How often D How much10 Mr Green wouldnt say at the meeting.A everything B nothing C anything D something11 “Mum, Anns coming tonight. Lets give her to eat.”“Good idea!”A anything nice B nice anythingC something nice D nice something12 When shall we meet, this evening or tomorrow evening? I dont mind. time is OK.A Some B Neither C Either D Both13 This is not her kite,but.A hes B him C he D his14 Dont worry, Mum! news is good news. Im sure daddy will come back soon.A No B Many C Those D Two 15 Mary has six apples. Her brother has three. She has apples than he.A few B many C more D fewer 16 There isnt in todays newspaper.A anything interestingB something interestingC nothing interestingD interesting anything17 September 10th is Day?A Teacher B Teachers C Teachers D Teachers18 In England, people eat a lot of “takeaway” food. What about people in your country? A So we do. B We do so. C So do we. D We so do.19 Shall we go into that shop and have a look? Sorry. I wont. I have to do there.A everything B anything C something D nothing20 Oh, dear! Who broke the glass? Sam Bruce. It was the cat.A Both, and B Not, but C Neither, nor D Either, or21 The students are having a good time in the park. Some are drawing by the lake.are climbing the hill.A Others B Other C Another D The other22 She is not a nurse. Im not.A also B either C neither D too23 I have two pencils. One is red, is blue.A the other B another C others D the others24 Sorry, I cant answer your question. I know about the subject.A little B a little C few D a few25 My sister doesnt like skating. . A So do I B So I dontC Neither I dont D Neither do I26 Yesterday morning there were only three boys in our room,.A you, he and I B I, you and heC he, I and you D you, I and he27 All the students are busy, soof them will go to the concert.A many B little C a few D few28 The teacher gave student a new book.A nobody B both C each D any29 Black is neither a teacher a worker.A or B either C nor D and30 Our teacher gave uson studying.A many advices B some advicesC an advice D some advice31 There are two foreign friends in the park. One is from Japan, is from America.A other B others C the other D the others32 Are there on the table?A some cups B any cup C some cup D any cups33 Ive just bought five stamps. One is a German stamp, are American stamps.A the other B the others C other D others34 It was fine day that they went to the park.A a so B so a C such a D a such35 At that time the train was slow and noisy. Sopeople liked taking trains.A little B a little C few D a few36 We must help and understand each.A other B another C others D the other37 is difficult to walk on the moon.A Man B One C That D It38 Jane has sent several letters, but of them have been answered.A all B both C either D none39 I dont know about the new headmaster.A something B everything C nothing D anything40 of the students in the whole class could do this physics question.A No B None C Not D Neither代詞練習(xí)答案1答案B.析這里應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞。2 答案A.析這里的四個疑問詞放在問句中全都成立，但其意義不同。What is she?應(yīng)譯為“她的工作是什么?”或“她是做什么的?”而How is she?應(yīng)譯為“她身體如何?”而Who is she?應(yīng)譯為“她是誰?”其答語應(yīng)為“她叫什么名字?！倍鳺here is she?應(yīng)為“她在什么地方?”由答語決定了這道題的選擇。3 答案A.析因?yàn)槭强隙ň渌詰?yīng)用Something,其后由于表停止工作了，則stop后要用動名詞。4 答案C.析help oneself to something為“自己拿某物”。yourself為“你一個人”，而yourselves為“你們”。5. 答案A.析這題的答案是由問句決定的。6 答案D.析因句中有than,所以應(yīng)選用比較級，而than后要選用名詞性物主代詞。7 答案D.析因會講某種語言的多少要用a little,把它看作不可數(shù)名詞對待