2013年職稱英語考試真題綜合類ABC三個(gè)等級(jí)的真題(完整.pdf

學(xué)派網(wǎng)學(xué)派網(wǎng) 20132013 年職稱英語年職稱英語真題綜合真題綜合 A A 第第 1 1 部分 詞匯選項(xiàng)部分 詞匯選項(xiàng) 第 1 15 題 每題 1 分 共 15 分 下面每個(gè)句子中均有 1 個(gè)詞或者短語劃有底橫線 請為每處劃線部分確定 1 個(gè)意義最為接近的選 項(xiàng) 1 Rumors began to circulate about his financial problems A send B hear C confirm D spread 2 Three world class tennis players came to contend for this title A compete B argue C claim D wish 3 The drinking water has become contaminated with lead A treated B polluted C tested D corrupted 4 Many experts remain skeptical about his claims A doubtful B untouched C certain D silent 5 Respect for life is a cardinal principle of the law A fundamental B moral C regular D hard 6 They didn t seem to appreciate the magnitude of the problem A existence B importance C cause D situation 7 She shed a few tears at her daughter s wedding A wiped B produced C injected D removed 8 The contract between the two companies will expire soon A shorten B end C start D resume 9 The rules are too rigid to allow for humane error A general B complex C inflexible D direct 10 The tower remains intact even after two hundred years A undamaged B unknown C unusual D unstable 11 The methods of communication used during the war were primitive A reliable B effective C alternative D simple 12 The police will need to keep a wary eye on this area of town A naked B cautious C blind D private 13 The proposal was endorsed by the majority of members A rejected B submitted C approved D considered 14 Come out or I ll bust the door down A shut B break C set D beat 15 This species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed A turned dead B passed by C carried away D become extinct 第第 2 2 部分 閱讀判斷部分 閱讀判斷 第 16 22 題 每題 1 分 共 7 分 Mau Piailug Ocean Navigator Mau sailed from Hawaii to Tahiti using traditional methods In early 1976 a fisherman led an expedition in which he sailed a traditional Polynesian boat across 2 500 miles of ocean from Hawaii to Tahiti The Polynesian Voyaging Society had organized the expedition Its purpose was to find out if seafarers 海員 in the distant past could have found their way from one island to the other without navigational instruments or whether the islands had been populated by accident At the time Mau was the only man alive who knew how to navigate just by observing the stars the wind and the sea He had never before sailed to Tahiti which was a long way to the south However he understood how the wind and the sea behave around islands so he was confident he could find his way The voyage took him and his crew a month to complete and he did it His grandfather began the task of teaching him how to navigate when he was still a baby He showed him pools of water on the beach to teach him how the behaviour of the waves and wind changed in different places Later Mau used a circle of stones to memorize the positions of the stars Each stone was laid out in the sand to represent a star The voyage proved that Hawaii s first inhabitants came in small boats and navigated by reading the sea and the stars Mau himself became a keen teacher passing on his traditional secrets to people of other cultures so that his knowledge would not be lost He explained the position of the stars to his students but he allowed them to write things down because he knew they would never be able to remember everything as he had done 16 At the time of his voyage Mau had unique navigational skills A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 17 Mau was familiar with the sea around Tahiti A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 18 Mau could not afford a compass or charts A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 19 Mau learnt navigation skills from his grandfather A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 20 Mau used stones to memories where the stars were situated in the sky A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 21 The first inhabitants of Hawaii could read and write A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 22 Mau expected his students to remember the positions of the stars immediately A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 第第 3 3 部分 概括大意與完成句子部分 概括大意與完成句子 第 23 30 題 每題 1 分 共 8 分 下面的短文后有 2 項(xiàng)測試任務(wù) 1 第 23 26 題要求從所給的 6 個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為指定段落每段選擇 1 個(gè)最佳標(biāo)題 2 第 27 30 題要求從所給的 6 個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng) Traffic Jams No End in Sight 1 Traffic congestion affects people throughout the world Traffic jams cause smog in dozens of cities across both the developed and developing world In the U S commuters to spend an average of a full work week each year sitting in traffic according to the Texas Transportation Institute While alternative ways of getting around are available most people still choose their cars because they are looking for convenience comfort and privacy 2 The most promising technique for reducing city traffic is called congestion pricing whereby cities charge a toll to enter certain parts of town at certain times of day In theory if the toll is high enough some drivers will cancel their trips or go by bus or train And in practice it seems to work Singapore London and Stockholm have reduced traffic and pollution in city centers thanks to congestion pricing 3 Another way to reduce rush hour traffic is for employers to implement flexitime which lets employees travel to and from work at off peak traffic times to avoid the rush hour Those who have to travel during busy times can do their part by sharing cars Employers can also allow more staff to telecommute work from home so as to keep more cars off the road altogether 4 Some urban planners still believe that the best way to ease traffic congestion is to build more roads especially roads that can take drivers around or over crowded city streets But such techniques do not really keep cars off the road they only accommodate more of them 5 Other more forward thinking planners know that more and more drivers and cars are taking to the roads every day and they are unwilling to encourage more private automobiles when public transport is so much better both for people and the environment For this reason the American government has decided to spend some 7 billion on helping to increase capacity on public transport systems and upgrade them with more efficient technologies But environmentalists complain that such funding is tiny compared with the 50 billion being spent on roads and bridges 23 Paragraph 1 24 Paragraph 2 25 Paragraph 3 26 Paragraph 4 27 Most American drivers think it convenient to 28 If charged high enough some drivers may to enter certain parts of town A A global problem B Closing city centres to traffic C Paying to get in D Not doing enough E Changing work practice F A solution which is no solution 第第 4 4 部分 閱讀理解部分 閱讀理解 第 31 45 題 每題 3 分 共 45 分 下面有 3 篇短文 每篇短文后有 5 道題 請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容 為每題確定 1 個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng) 第一篇第一篇 On the Trail of the Honey Badgers On a recent field trip to the Kalahari Desert a team of researchers learnt a lot more about honey badgers 獾 The team employed a local wildlife expert Kitso Khama to help them locate and follow the badgers across the desert Their main aim was to study the badgers movements and behaviour as discreetly 謹(jǐn)慎地 as possible without frightening them away or causing them to change their natural behaviour They also planned to trap a few and study them close up before releasing them In view of the animal s reputation this was something that even Khama was reluctant to do The problem with honey badgers is they are naturally curious animals especially when they see something new he says that combined with their unpredictable nature can be a dangerous mixture If they sense you have food for example they won t be shy about coming right up to you for something to eat They re actually quite sociable creatures around humans but as soon as they feel they might be in danger they can become extremely vicious 兇惡的 Fortunately this is rare but it does happen The research confirmed many things that were already known As expected honey badgers ate any creatures they could catch and kill Even poisonous snakes feared and avoided by most other animals were not safe from them The researchers were surprised however by the animal s fondness for local melons probably because of their high water content Previously researchers thought that the animal got all of its liquid requirements from its prey 獵物 The team also learnt that contrary to previous research findings the badgers occasionally formed loose family groups They were also able to confirm certain results from previous research including the fat that female badgers never socialized with each other Following some of the male badgers was a challenge since they can cover large distances in a short space of time Some hunting territories cover more than 500 square kilometers Although they seem happy to share these territories with other males there are occasional fights over an important food source and male badgers can be as aggressive towards each other as they are towards other species As the badgers became accustomed to the presence of people it gave the team the chance to get up close to them without being the subject of the animal s curiosity or their sudden aggression The badgers eating patterns which had been disrupted returned to normal It also allowed the team to observe more closely some of the other creatures that form working associations with the honey badger as these seems to adopt the badgers relaxed attitude when near humans 31 Why did the wildlife experts visit the Kalahari Desert A To observe how honey badgers behave B To find where honey badgers live C To catch some honey badgers for food D To find out why honey badgers have a bad reputation 32 What does Kitso Khama say about honey badgers A They are always looking for food B They do not enjoy human company C They show interest in things they are not familiar with D It is common for them to attack people 33 What did the team find out about honey badgers A There were some creatures they did not eat B They may get some of the water they needed from fruit C They were afraid of poisonous creatures D Female badgers did not mix with male badgers 34 Which of the following is a typical feature of male badgers A They hunt over a very large area B They don t run very quickly C They defend their territory from other badgers D They are more aggressive than females 35 What happened when honey badgers got used to humans around them A They became less aggressive towards other creatures B They started eating more C They lost interest in people D Other animals started working with them 第二篇第二篇 Making a Loss is the Height of Fashion Given that a good year in the haute couture business is one where you lose even more money than usual the prevailing mood in Paris last week was of recession busting buoyancy The big name designers were falling over themselves to boast of how many outfits they had sold at below cost price and how this proved that the fashion business was healthier than ever Jean Paul Gaultier reported record sales but we don t make any money out of it the designer assured journalists backstage No matter how successful you are you can t make a profit from couture explained Jean Jacques Picart a veteran fashion PR man and co founder of the now bankrupt Lacroix house Almost 20 years have passed since the Alice in Wonderland economics of the couture business were first exposed Outraged that he was losing money on evening dresses costing tens of thousands of pounds the couturier Jean Louis Scherrer to howls of trahison from his colleagues published a detailed summary of his costs One outfit he described contained over half a mile of gold thread 18 000 sequins and had required hundreds of hours of hand stitching in an atelier A fair price would have been 50 000 but the couturier could only get 35 000 for it Rather than riding high on the follies of the super rich he and his team could barely feed their hungry families The result was an outcry and the first of a series of government and industry sponsored inquiries into the surreal world of ultimate fashion The trade continues to insist that relatively speaking couture offers you more than you pay for but it s not as simple as that When such a temple of old wealth starts talking about value for money it isn t to convince anyone that dresses costing as much as houses are a bargain Rather it is to preserve the peculiar mystique lucrative associations and threatened interests that couture represents Essentially the arguments couldn t be simpler On one side are those who say that the business will die if it doesn t change On the other are those who say it will die if it does What s not in doubt is that haute couture the term translates as high sewing is a spectacular anachronism Colossal in its costs tiny in its clientele and questionable in its influence it still remains one of the great themes of Parisian life In his book The Fashion Conspiracy Nicholas Coleridge estimates that the entire couture industry rests on the whims of less than 30 immensely wealthy women and although the number may have grown in recent years with the new prosperity of Asia the number of couture customers worldwide is no more than 4 000 To qualify as couture a garment must be entirely hand made by one of the 11 Paris couture houses registered to the Chambre Syndicale de la Haute Couture Each house must employ at least 20 people and show a minimum of 75 new designs a year So far so stirringly traditional but the Big Four operators Chanel Dior Givenchy and Gaultier increasingly use couture as a marketing device for their far more profitable ready to wear fragrance and accessory lines 36 What is the main idea of the first paragraph A The haute couture business is expanding quickly B The haute couture designers claim losses in their sales C The haute couture designers make much profit in their sales D The haute couture businessmen are happy with their profit 37 According to the second paragraph Jean Louis Scherrer A was very angry as he was losing money B was in a worse financial position than other couturier C was one of the best known couturiers D stopped producing haute couture dresses 38 The writer says that the outfit Jean Louis Scherrer described A was worth the price that was paid for it B cost more to make than it should have C was never sold to anyone D should have cost the customer more than it did 39 The writer says in paragraph 4 that there is disagreement over A the history of haute couture B the real costs of haute couture C the future of haute couture D the changes that need to be made in haute couture 40 What is the writer s tone towards haute couture business A Quite supportive B Fairly friendly C Rather indifferent D Somewhat ironical 第三篇第三篇 Why So Many Children In many of the developing countries in Africa and Asia the population is growing fast The reason for this is simple Women in these countries have a high birth rate from 3 0 to 7 0 children per woman The majority of these women are poor without the food or resources to care for their families Why do they have many so children Why don t they limit the size of their families The answer may be that they often have no choice There are several reasons for this One reason is economic In a traditional agricultural economy large families are helpful Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age In an industrial economy the situation is different Many children do not help a family instead they are an expense Thus industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate This was the case in Italy which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly In the early part of the twentieth century Italy was a poor largely agricultural country with a high birth rate After World War II Italy s economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized By the end of the century the birth rate had dropped to 1 3 children per woman the world s lowest However the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate Saudi Arabia for example does not have an agriculture based economy and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world Nevertheless it also has a very high birth rate 7 0 Mexico and Indonesia on the other hand are poor countries with largely agricultural economies but they have recently reduced their population growth Clearly other factors are involved The most important of these is the condition of women A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia There the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home On the other hand the improved condition of women in Mexico Thailand and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive birth rates have gone down This is the case in Singapore Sri Lanka and India as well as in Indonesia Thailand Mexico and Brazil In these countries women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families These trends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet their needs Only then in fact does it have any real chance of success 41 In a traditional agricultural economy a large family A may limit income B isn t necessary C can be an advantage D is expensive 42 When countries become industrialized A families often become larger B women usually decide not have a family C the birth rate generally goes down D the population generally grows rapidly 43 Italy today is an example of an A industrialized country with a low birth rate B agricultural country with a high birth rate C agricultural country with a low birth rate D industrialized country with a high birth rate 44 Saudi Arabia is mentioned because it shows that A t