漢英高級(jí)筆譯參考題群總結(jié).doc

漢英高級(jí)筆譯參考題隨機(jī)抽?。旱贗題 4分5（小題）；第II題 10分3（小題）；第III題 25分2小題，合計(jì)100分第I題將以下各句譯成英語(yǔ)漢語(yǔ)（每題4分）1浪漫一身（時(shí)裝廣告。注意“身”、“聲”發(fā)音相似）Weave romance into your life! Or: Love me, love my dress! Or: Romance for every wear, everywhere. Or: Romance for life.2光彩人生，源于光源?。晒獍魪V告）Light your way to a better night.Or: A bright source for an even brighter life.3小商品，大感受。（家具配件廣告。要求前者處理為形容詞加名詞，后者為形容詞加介詞加名詞）Small articles, big in style. Or: Small articles, great in taste.4放飛夢(mèng)想, 實(shí)現(xiàn)自我?。ǔ鰢?guó)留學(xué)服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)廣告。要求前者譯成動(dòng)賓結(jié)構(gòu)，后者譯成動(dòng)詞加副詞）Soar far, catch your dreams. Or: Fly towards your dream. Or: Fly as far as your dream will carry you.5人人為我，我為人人?。持髽I(yè)的財(cái)富觀）From all, back to all. Or: A shared prosperity for all.6人曾是佛，人不能成佛。女卑為奴，女又可稱奴。（就中文而言，是個(gè)拆字游戲。要求譯文反復(fù)使用首韻法）A Buddhist cannot bud into a Buddha; a maiden may be made a housemaid.日本，當(dāng)以何為本？印度，難求大國(guó)之度（文章標(biāo)題，含文字游戲）Nippon lost as to what to found itself upon; India struggling to restore past glory as a super-topia. .金日在手中，萬(wàn)事好成功?。诜簭V告。要求譯文押韻）The Golden Sun tonic: never just a matter of taste. .今天購(gòu)買，就在今天享用！（商家促銷口號(hào)。要求譯文押尾韻）Buy today, enjoy it right away! Or: Buy today, enjoy it without delay!10. 它工作，你（指家庭主婦）休息。（洗衣機(jī)廣告。要求用chores和credit；注意動(dòng)賓搭配）You take credit for all the chores it does.11. 先點(diǎn)擊，后點(diǎn)錢?。↖T產(chǎn)品，含文字游戲）Click and count! Or: With a touch, you get rich.12. 你不理財(cái)，財(cái)不理你。（某財(cái)金雜志廣告，其中“理”字含雙關(guān)）Help money manage itself. Or: Wealth favors only those with a prepared mind.13. 我們實(shí)行三包：包修、包退、包換?。ㄉ碳覍?duì)顧客的承諾。要求三個(gè)關(guān)鍵短語(yǔ)都以R開頭）We guarantee 3 Rs: Repair, Refund and Replacement.14. “美的”家電：美的（故意用錯(cuò)別字）全面，美的徹底。（家用電器廣告。要求“全面”、“徹底”都譯成相當(dāng)于漢語(yǔ)“從到”的格式）Midea electrical appliances: beautiful from top to toe, from inside out.15. “三優(yōu)”牌家具：優(yōu)越的質(zhì)量、優(yōu)惠的價(jià)格、優(yōu)質(zhì)的（售后）服務(wù)（要求三個(gè)關(guān)鍵短語(yǔ)都以U開頭）3-U furniture: Unrivaled quality, Unbeatable prices, Unreserved post-sale service.16. 茅臺(tái)一開，滿室生香。Maotai a vintage liquor that gives a most daring expression to your dormant feeling! Or: Maotai a VIP treat that means everything you ask for. Or: Maotai wakens peoples dormant feelings towards life.17. 衣食住行，有龍則靈。（建設(shè)銀行“龍卡”廣告）A Loong Card makes your life easier, more enjoyable.18. 非?？蓸?lè)，非常選擇。（飲料廣告。要求譯文重復(fù)兩遍字母F和C）Future cola, fantastic choice.19. 皮張之厚無(wú)以復(fù)加，利潤(rùn)之薄無(wú)以復(fù)減。（皮件制品廣告。必須用thick和thin；允許詞形有變通）Thickest leather for thinnest profits.20. 要想皮膚好，早晚用大寶。（護(hù)膚霜廣告）Dabao lotion: a proven challenge to wrinkles. Or: A proper dose of Dabao a day keeps facial wrinkles away. Or: Use Dabao every day this means you. Or: Dabao Im loving it!21正如廣大群眾所批評(píng)的那樣，我們現(xiàn)在是“衛(wèi)星上天，廁所漏水”。As the popular criticism goes, “Satellites are launched but toilets still leak.”22. 民國(guó)萬(wàn)稅，天下太貧。Long live the Republic, the Republic live long!23. 年年難過(guò)年年過(guò)，處處無(wú)家處處家。Hard up, you try to make it easy year after year; homeless, I manage to make a home from pillar to pillar.24. 客上天然居，居然天上客。Heaven Inn makes you feel like in heaven.25. 球票緊張，教練更緊張。他來(lái)墨西哥后，幾乎沒(méi)好好睡過(guò)覺(jué)。Tickets to the ball game were hard to get, but the coach had an even harder time trying to get some sleep. He hadnt rested properly at all since he had arrived in Mexico.26. 在天津教書，天天吃天津飯，吃得津津有味。赴日本留學(xué)，日日讀日本書，讀得本本不通。Tianjin was like heaven, giving me heavenly food to eat with immense gusto; Nippon is like hell, making me read hellish books in sheer disgust.27. 有些天天喊大眾化的人，連三句老百姓的話都講不出來(lái)，可見他就沒(méi)有下過(guò)決心跟老百姓學(xué)，實(shí)在他的意思仍是小眾化?！癢e certainly will write in a popular style,” some of our comrades would say. But what kind of a “popular style” is that?! They cant even begin to speak the first sentence in the language of ordinary people. Thats enough to show that those comrades havent made up their mind to learn from the very grassroots. What theyre really after is still refinement, not popularization. 28. 希望大家積極支持文字改革工作，促進(jìn)這一工作而不要“促退”這一工作。My hope is that all of you will do everything you can to help rather than hinder the development of the new character system.29. 官逼民反，民不得不反。Where there is repression, there is rebellion.30. 他“科員”了一輩子，從來(lái)沒(méi)有得到過(guò)晉升的機(jī)會(huì)。He remained a junior clerk throughout his working life, never getting a promotion.31好一個(gè)朋友你連五塊錢都不肯借給我。A friend indeed you wouldnt even lend me a measly five yuan!32. 東西南北中，好酒在張弓。East or west, the wine from Zhanggong is the best.33. 上述產(chǎn)品堪稱箱包、皮件的世界，勞保用品之王國(guó)。特別是皮制勞保手套執(zhí)世界牛耳。We would like to offer a wide gamut of premiere leather products suitcases, bags and safety articles. Our leather gloves, in particular, represent the worlds latest trend in worker protection.34. 中國(guó)有句俗話：“趕得早不如趕得巧”。趕上地壇廟會(huì)那就是巧。這里濃縮著濃郁的京味文化，叫北京人與外地人都享受。As a Chinese proverb goes, “Better visit the right place only once than the wrong place plenty of times.” The Earth Temple is exactly where you should go at least once. It appeals to Beijing natives and those from other parts of the country alike with its typical Beijing flavor.35. 任何季節(jié)、地點(diǎn)都能穿的外衣。The coats for everywhere, every wear.36. 口味一流，永難忘懷。（百事可樂(lè)廣告）Too good to forget.37. 百萬(wàn)買賣，毫厘利潤(rùn)。A business in millions, a profit in pennies.38. 再挑剔的媽媽也會(huì)挑選吉弗牌花生醬。Choosy mothers choose Jif.39. 溫都度假村：雖不是家勝似家。Holiday Inn: a home away from home.40. 牡丹香煙，醇味蓋冠。Peony stands out for taste.41. 一冊(cè)在手，縱覽全球。（環(huán)球雜志廣告）Globe makes local minds global.42. 清除皺紋，馬到成功。（護(hù)膚霜廣告）A proven challenge to wrinkles.43. 當(dāng)代經(jīng)典，永久計(jì)時(shí)。（手表廣告）A contemporary classic, a timeless timepiece.44. 不求今日擁有，但求天長(zhǎng)地久。Choose once, choose for good.45. 默默無(wú)“蚊”的奉獻(xiàn)。（蚊香片廣告）Mosquito-repellent incenses: repelling mosquitoes in silence.46. 品質(zhì)優(yōu)良，書寫潤(rùn)滑，美觀大方。（圓珠筆廣告）Zhonghua quality pencils meet the demand for an ingenious design and a natural flow.47. 長(zhǎng)城電扇，電扇長(zhǎng)城。The Great Wall electric fan is just as invincible as the Great Wall itself!48. 在家靠自己，出國(guó)靠國(guó)旅（西安國(guó)旅廣告）Back home, you are your boss. Here in China, your Aladdins lamp is at CITS.49. 美日達(dá)音樂(lè)電腦萬(wàn)年歷Melodate / Musicalendar50. 有形世界，無(wú)限風(fēng)光。（電視臺(tái)廣告）World within inches.51. 我這個(gè)人沒(méi)什么特長(zhǎng)。要說(shuō)還有什么長(zhǎng)處，就是還有張長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的臉。Im no good. If anything, its perhaps a good long face Ive got.52. 我們冬天需要陽(yáng)光，春天需要陽(yáng)光，秋天需要陽(yáng)光，夏天也需要陽(yáng)光。We need sunshine all year around winter or summer, spring or autumn.53. 周領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，人家小劉已經(jīng)是八年的“婦科”病啦，也該給他個(gè)正經(jīng)說(shuō)法了吧？Mr zhou,liu has not got promoted for eight years, I think he deserve a formal statement.54. 誰(shuí)說(shuō)女子不禿頭?。ㄉl(fā)素廣告）Women can go bald indeed!55. 她們是藝術(shù)圈中的極品，是蕓蕓眾生里的“勞斯萊斯”。 They are of best quality in artistic circles and they are the Rolls-Royce of all the livings things.57.不比不知道，一比嚇一跳。This is exactly what is called shocked to compare with.或者：You wont be shocked until you compare them.58. 君不正，臣投外國(guó)。父不正，子奔他鄉(xiāng)。The courtiers will go to other country for shelter because emperor is not personally upright; while the children will go other places for fathers bad behavior.60. 怕黃昏忽地又黃昏，不銷魂怎地不銷魂，新啼痕壓舊啼痕，斷腸人憶斷腸人。Dusk is gone yet still to return; the fire of love never ceases to burn. Bathing in tears, I cry and cry for a suffering one at the ends of the earth, oh why?61. County panels OK affordable housing 縣事務(wù)委員會(huì)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)適用房表示同意62. Globo Cabo（全球電纜公司）to buy cable rival全球電纜公司 購(gòu)買電纜的對(duì)手64. Mississippi man ruled sole heir to blues legend一名密西西比人被法院裁定為布魯斯音樂(lè)傳奇人物的唯一繼承人69. Takeover hostility criticism of acquisitions of Chinese enterprises by foreign firms off the mark 抵制收購(gòu)對(duì)于外國(guó)企業(yè)收購(gòu)中國(guó)企業(yè)的批評(píng)太過(guò)離譜70. A head for headcount savings plan unveiled after Alcatels takeover of biggest US phone equipment maker71. Sealing slippage Intercontinental Exchange Inc nets large share of oil futures market after online launch72. Her friends and her detractors have made extravagant claims of goodness and mercy, foolishness and naivety.73. Joseph Stalin dismissed the Pope with cynical quip, “How many divisions has he got?”74. The success of the A bookstore, which exists only on the Internet, impelled Barnes & Noble to combine its successful physical bookstores with a strong presence in cyberspace and to team up with Bertelsmann, a leading international media company, in an online joint venture.密封滑動(dòng)洲際交易所在線上交易啟動(dòng)后網(wǎng)羅大部分的石油期貨市場(chǎng)份額75. This is an article that challenges attention even if it fails to command complete assent. 即使不能完全贊同，但這仍是一篇值得一讀的文字。第II題 改譯以下各段譯文（每題10分）：1. 【原文】 If that man had any sense, wouldnt he try to look attractive enough to make me want to hire him? Is he too lazy to make the effort? In that case, what kind of a worker can he be? Does he feel so bad about himself, and could his judgment be correct?【原譯】 如果那人有點(diǎn)頭腦的話，他難道不會(huì)打扮得楚楚動(dòng)人，讓我想雇傭他？他是不是太懶了，不愿花力氣呢？倘若是那樣的話，那他會(huì)成為什么樣的工人呢？他是否覺(jué)得自己不得志？他的這個(gè)判斷能不能糾正過(guò)來(lái)？【改譯】 但凡他有點(diǎn)頭腦的話，就應(yīng)該打扮得足夠吸引人我想雇傭他？他是不是太懶了，不愿花力氣呢？倘若是那樣的話，那他將會(huì)成為什么樣的員工呢？他是否覺(jué)得自己不得志？這種自我認(rèn)識(shí)會(huì)不會(huì)就是對(duì)的呢？2.【原文】 But I am denied that deeper understanding of them which I am sure would come through sight of them, through watching their reactions to various expressed thoughts and circumstances, through noting the immediate and fleeting reactions of their eyes and countenance.【原譯】 但是，我不認(rèn)為對(duì)于我所深知的人，要想更深入地了解他們，只能通過(guò)親眼見到他們，親眼看見他們對(duì)各種思想和環(huán)境的反應(yīng)，親眼看到他們的眼神和表情的即時(shí)的瞬間的反應(yīng)。3.【原文】 Our colleague on the Sunday people had been exonerated by the Press Council for writing in her column that an actress had little piggy eyes. It was a moment of keen and necessary judicial wisdom: for where would our great profession be without the constitutional right to slag off anyone who gives us the pip?【原譯】 我們的一位在星期日人民報(bào)供職的同事已為新聞委員會(huì)所開釋，因?yàn)樗谒膶诶飳懙溃耗澄慌輪T長(zhǎng)著一對(duì)“小小的豬一般的眼睛”。那是個(gè) 的需要法官般智慧的時(shí)刻：因?yàn)槿绻麤](méi)有憲法所規(guī)定的權(quán)利來(lái)驅(qū)除任何使我們不舒服的人，那我們偉大的職業(yè)將會(huì)處境如何？【改譯】 我們的一位在星期日人民報(bào)供職的同事已為記者協(xié)會(huì)所開釋，因?yàn)樗谒膶诶飳懙溃耗澄慌輪T長(zhǎng)著一對(duì)“小小的豬一般的眼睛”。那是個(gè) 的需要法官般智慧的時(shí)刻：憲法規(guī)定無(wú)人可以驅(qū)除使我們不舒服的人，即使她的所作所為并不合適，否則我們將何以自處？4.【原文】 Bogey played in his own Bogey way that was not at all Harriets. Harriet could never leaveanything alone, and Bogey liked things to be alone and behave themselves in their own way. For instance, he played with lizards and grass snakes; 【原譯】 鮑吉有他自己的完全不同于哈麗特的玩法。要哈麗特不管閑事是不可能的，可鮑吉?jiǎng)t喜歡事物栩栩如生各具情態(tài)。例如，他愛玩蜥蜴和青草蛇；5.【原文】 The route was across the northern United States and then by ship to Alaska, where the plan was to drive across the Berling Strait on the ice.When the Thomas arrived in Alaska by ship, the locals laughed at its crows plan to cross the Berling Strait. Not one of them could remember the strait solidly frozen.【原譯】 汽車競(jìng)賽的路線是穿越美國(guó)北部，然后搭船到阿拉斯加，在那里按計(jì)劃駕車在冰上通過(guò)白令海峽。當(dāng)托馬斯號(hào)搭船抵達(dá)阿拉斯加時(shí)，該地的居民對(duì)車座人員穿越白令海峽的計(jì)劃付之一笑。不過(guò)他們中誰(shuí)也沒(méi)想到，海峽早已冰封得堅(jiān)堅(jiān)實(shí)實(shí)了?！靖淖g】競(jìng)賽路線是穿越美國(guó)北部，然后搭船到阿拉斯加，在那里按計(jì)劃駕車在冰上通過(guò)白令海峽。當(dāng)托馬斯車隊(duì)抵達(dá)阿拉斯加時(shí)，當(dāng)?shù)厝藢?duì)車隊(duì)人員穿越白令海峽的計(jì)劃都樂(lè)了，他們誰(shuí)都不記得海峽還有被凍上的時(shí)候。6 【原文】 Considering the present situation, it may cause surprise, in view of the large number of reports of resistance from so many important species all over the world, that the impact on insect control programs is not more drastic.【原譯】 考慮到目前的情況，人們會(huì)感到奇怪，鑒于從世界各地有大量的報(bào)告談到有許多重要的物種出現(xiàn)了抗藥性，你會(huì)覺(jué)得害蟲控制計(jì)劃措施不那么有力。7【原文】 Warming the food before sealing the cans has the effect of reducing the pressure inside the cans while the food is being sterilized. Then the cans are sealed and the food is sterilized by heating the cans in a retort by means of steam.【原譯】 當(dāng)事物消毒時(shí)，在罐頭封起來(lái)之前先加熱，有減少罐頭內(nèi)的壓力的效果。然后罐頭可以封起來(lái)，通過(guò)蒸汽把罐頭放在容器內(nèi)加熱使食物消毒?！靖淖g】 密封罐裝食品前，先加熱罐頭可以有效減少罐頭內(nèi)的壓力。然后進(jìn)行密封，并通過(guò)再次加熱達(dá)到食品消毒的效果。8.【原文】 The difference between emending and amending a text is based on the two ways in which a text can be considered correct. A text might be correct if it is in its original, purest or most authentic form. To restore it to this form, you emend it. On the other hand, the text might be correct if it is in its best possible form, usually different from the original: to change it to this improved form, you amend it.【原譯】 校訂一個(gè)語(yǔ)篇與修訂一個(gè)語(yǔ)篇之間的區(qū)別基于一個(gè)語(yǔ)篇可被視為正確的兩種情形。如果一個(gè)語(yǔ)篇是以其最初的、最純正的或最真實(shí)的形式出現(xiàn)，那么它就可能是“正確的”。把這語(yǔ)篇恢復(fù)到這種形式，你就是在校訂它。在另一方面，如果那語(yǔ)篇是以其盡可能好的形式出現(xiàn)的，這形式通常與最初形式不同，那么這語(yǔ)篇就可能是“正確的”：把這語(yǔ)篇改變到這種改進(jìn)的形式，你就是在修訂它。【改譯】基于對(duì)一篇文字“正確”的兩種衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是校正與修正間的區(qū)別。如果一篇文字的”正確”是以其最原始，最純粹的，最地道的形式。要恢復(fù)到這種形式，你修訂了它。另一方面，文本的“正確”以其最好的形式出現(xiàn)，這通常不同于原始形式：把它修改成這種改進(jìn)的形式，你是在修訂它。9【原文】 It would have demanded an unquestioning patriotism, happily uncommon in this country as it is undesirable, for these people not to have been disturbed by the biter letters they received, by the newspaper stories they read, not to have been enraged by the posters, then to be found all over New York, which described the Japanese as “yellowbellied Japs.”【原譯】 毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)地，這本應(yīng)該激起人們的愛國(guó)心（所幸在這個(gè)國(guó)家里愛國(guó)心既不常見也不需要），但那些痛苦的來(lái)信使他們心神不寧，還有他們讀到的那些新聞報(bào)道，那些令他們憤怒的海報(bào)。那時(shí)候紐約到處都貼著那種海報(bào)，把日本人描寫成“黃肚皮的日本佬兒”。如果這些人沒(méi)有被那些令人痛苦的來(lái)信和新聞報(bào)道所傷害，沒(méi)有被那些海報(bào)所侵?jǐn)_，沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)在紐約他們被描述成“黃皮日本鬼子”，他們本應(yīng)會(huì)點(diǎn)燃愛國(guó)情緒雖然這種盲目的愛國(guó)主義在這個(gè)國(guó)家里并不受歡迎。10【原文】 But what if, God forbid, one loses faith? The wicked live on denials; denials in themselves are also a faith, faith in evildoing, and from it one can draw strength for the body. But if the pious man loses his faith, the truth is shown to him, and he is recalled. This is the symbolic meaning of the words, “When a man dies in a tent”: when the pious man falls from his rank, and becomes, like the wicked, without permanent shelter, then a light shines from above, and all doubts cease 【原譯】 但是萬(wàn)一有人不再相信了呢？那些邪惡的人不相信上帝，不相信上帝本身也是一種信仰，信仰做壞事；人可以從中得到力量。但是如果虔誠(chéng)的人喪失了信仰，告訴他真理他就會(huì)恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)。這就是“當(dāng)一個(gè)人在帳篷中死去”這句話的象征意義：當(dāng)虔誠(chéng)的人掉隊(duì)時(shí)，像邪惡的人一樣失去了永遠(yuǎn)的庇護(hù)，這時(shí)一道亮光在頭頂閃過(guò)，所有的疑惑都消失了10【原文】 But what if, God forbid, one loses faith? The wicked live on denials; denials in themselves are also a faith, faith in evildoing, and from it one can draw strength for the body. But if the pious man loses his faith, the truth is shown to him, and he is recalled. This is the symbolic meaning of the words, “When a man dies in a tent”: when the pious man falls from his rank, and becomes, like the wicked, without permanent shelter, then a light shines from above, and all doubts cease【原譯】 但是萬(wàn)一有人不再相信了呢？那些邪惡的人不相信上帝，不相信上帝本身也是一種信仰，信仰做壞事；人可以從中得到力量。但是如果虔誠(chéng)的人喪失了信仰，告訴他真理他就會(huì)恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)。這就是“當(dāng)一個(gè)人在帳篷中死去”這句話的象征意義：當(dāng)虔誠(chéng)的人掉隊(duì)時(shí)，像邪惡的人一樣失去了永遠(yuǎn)的庇護(hù)，這時(shí)一道亮光在頭頂閃過(guò)，所有的疑惑都消失了【改譯】但是如果，上帝保佑，如果一個(gè)人失去信仰了呢？邪惡的人憑借否定而活著，對(duì)于他們來(lái)說(shuō)，否定也是一種信仰，信仰罪惡，并從中得到身體的力量。但是如果虔誠(chéng)的人失去信仰，背棄了真理，那么他就會(huì)被遺棄。這就是“當(dāng)一個(gè)人在帳篷中死去”這句話的象征意義：當(dāng)虔誠(chéng)的人背棄信仰，變得像邪惡的人一樣失去永久的庇護(hù)，這時(shí)天空就會(huì)出現(xiàn)一道光，然后所有的懷疑都停止了11. 【原文】 Henry Bennett performed a carefully controlled study in which anesthetized patients received a suggestion just before being brought to consciousness. Most patients who were told to pull their ears during a subsequent interview did exactly that, even though they did not recall having received such instructions.譯文 亨利貝內(nèi)特作了仔細(xì)的觀察研究：在做手術(shù)的病人被麻醉失去了知覺(jué)前，他建議他們?cè)谑中g(shù)過(guò)程中仔細(xì)聽談話，即使他們回憶不起曾受過(guò)這種暗示，病人也能照囑咐做。【改譯】亨利貝內(nèi)特進(jìn)行了仔細(xì)的對(duì)照研究，即在麻醉病人蘇醒前接受一定暗示。即使大多數(shù)病人回憶不起曾經(jīng)受過(guò)這種暗示，但是他們?cè)谑中g(shù)過(guò)程中也能照囑咐做，仔細(xì)傾聽。12. 【原文】 British and American English probably became similar as is necessary for easy mutual understanding, but not more similar than that unless Americans and Britons feel no further need to regard themselves as culturally distinct. As the late Professor J.R. Firth is said to have observed of pronunciation: “It is part of the meaning of an American to sound like one.”（丹兒）【原譯】 英國(guó)和美國(guó)英語(yǔ)也許會(huì)變得使之容易地互相理解所必要的相似，但不會(huì)比這更相似了，除非美國(guó)人和英國(guó)人感到不再有需要認(rèn)為自己在文化上是獨(dú)特的了。如同據(jù)說(shuō)的已故教授J。R。弗思對(duì)發(fā)音所作的評(píng)述：“一個(gè)美國(guó)人發(fā)出聲音像個(gè)美國(guó)人是這個(gè)內(nèi)涵的一部分”?！靖淖g】英式英語(yǔ)與美式英語(yǔ)有時(shí)為方便雙方理解可變得相近，但僅僅變得相近而已。除非英國(guó)與美國(guó)認(rèn)為沒(méi)有必須再保持文化獨(dú)立性，兩者才會(huì)變得完全一樣。正如已故教授弗斯（J.R. Firth）所說(shuō)，英式英語(yǔ)與美式英語(yǔ)之所發(fā)音不同，是因?yàn)檫@是美國(guó)人凸顯其區(qū)別于其他國(guó)家的其中一個(gè)表現(xiàn)。13. 【原文】 This dual quality of being sensitive to, and curious about, small accidental occurrences, and of possessing a frame of reference capable of suggesting their true significance, is probably what Pasteur meant when he said Chance benefits only the prepared mind. Nevertheless, it is clear that these qualities alone, even then joined to those mentioned previously, are not necessarily sufficient to ensure success: an indispensable factor in all the discoveries quoted above was careful and systematic experimentation.【原譯】 既有對(duì)微小偶發(fā)事件的敏感性和好奇心，又具有能聯(lián)想其正確含義的參考系，這種兩重性大概就是巴斯德所說(shuō)的“機(jī)遇只使有心人獲益”。但是很明顯，僅僅是這些，即使與先前注意到事物聯(lián)系起來(lái)，還不足以保證取得成就。在所有上面講到的發(fā)現(xiàn)中，必不可少的是仔細(xì)地和系統(tǒng)地實(shí)驗(yàn)。14. 【原文】 Sometimes the dispute is finely balanced the pronunciation of controversy for instance, or the need for whom or the difference between further and farther. But you will always find a clear discussion of the dispute, airing the arguments on both sides, referring to the history of the language, quoting modern examples and suggesting a solution.【原譯】 有時(shí)爭(zhēng)論非常地平衡。例如，controversy的發(fā)音，或whom的需要，或further和farther之間的差異。但你在這兒總會(huì)找到對(duì)爭(zhēng)端的清楚地討論，在兩方面都發(fā)表論點(diǎn)，涉及語(yǔ)言的歷史，引用現(xiàn)代的例子，并且表明解決的辦法。15. 【原文】 Some years ago the curious compound “benign neglect” was used to describe a U.S. government policy that avoided actively promoting racial equality on the controversial ground that progress towards racial equality would meet less resistance in the absence of such intervention.【原譯】 若干年前，奇怪的復(fù)合詞benign neglect（有益的疏忽）被用來(lái)描寫美國(guó)政府。這種政策就是：根據(jù)那個(gè)有爭(zhēng)議的理由，即在缺少這樣的干預(yù)時(shí)向著種族平等的進(jìn)步倒會(huì)遇到較小的阻力，避免積極地促進(jìn)這種種族平等?！靖淖g】 許多年前，微妙的復(fù)合詞benign neglect（善意的忽略）被用來(lái)形容美國(guó)政府在有爭(zhēng)議的問(wèn)題上所實(shí)行的主動(dòng)避開促進(jìn)種族平等的政策，當(dāng)有爭(zhēng)議的問(wèn)題向民族平等推進(jìn)時(shí)，能在缺少這類干預(yù)的情況下遇到較小的阻力。16.【原文】 Then, between is still preferable when more than one relationship is involved, provided that every relationship is a well-defined two-way relationship typically when every element is named.【原譯】其次，當(dāng)一種以上的關(guān)系被包括時(shí)，between仍是更可取的，假如每種關(guān)系都是一個(gè)被非常明確表示的兩個(gè)方面的關(guān)系的話典型的是當(dāng)每個(gè)成分的名字都被說(shuō)出的時(shí)候。【改譯】假如每一種關(guān)系都有很明確的雙向關(guān)系，通常是每個(gè)成分都被命名。到那時(shí)，當(dāng)一種以上關(guān)系參與時(shí)中庸之道仍舊是優(yōu)先考慮的。17. 【原文】 I have already mentioned that these techniques can be used even when they are not well understood by the lower levels in management, and that this will generally be associated with the centralization of decision. This largely arises from the scarcity (shortage) of the knowledge required to carry out operational research and operate the necessary computing equipment; it appears economical to use this scarce resource best by concentrating it at one point.【原譯】 我已經(jīng)指出，即使在下級(jí)管理人員對(duì)它不甚理解的情況下，這些技術(shù)也能夠被應(yīng)用。這通常與決策集中化有關(guān)。集中決策在很大程度上是由于缺乏足夠的知識(shí)去實(shí)施運(yùn)籌學(xué)和操作必要的計(jì)算設(shè)備而引起的；因而集中到一個(gè)地點(diǎn)以便最佳地利用不充足的資源看來(lái)是經(jīng)濟(jì)的。【改譯】我已經(jīng)指出，即使在有較低的管理水平者對(duì)它不甚理解的情況下，這些技術(shù)也能夠被應(yīng)用，這通常與決策集中化有關(guān)。它在很大程度上是由于缺乏足夠的知識(shí)去實(shí)施運(yùn)籌學(xué)和操作必要的計(jì)算設(shè)備而引起的，顯示出集中到最佳點(diǎn)來(lái)利用稀缺資源是經(jīng)濟(jì)的。18. 【原文】 In fact, plant breeding work is already in progress in most developing countries, and has been begun in some instances by local workers on their own initiative, or with the assistance of international bodies such as FAO.【原譯】 實(shí)際上，在一些地區(qū)，由于當(dāng)?shù)毓ぷ髡叩闹鲃?dòng)性或者由于諸如聯(lián)合國(guó)糧農(nóng)組織等國(guó)際組織的協(xié)助，植物育種工作已在大多數(shù)發(fā)展中國(guó)家開展起來(lái)了。19. 【原文】 There are many situations in which this ability to handle and