六級(jí)英語(yǔ)作文和翻譯.docx

2 Parental Hopes and Personal DesiresObligations to our parents are very important. Parents are the most beloved persons in the world. They bring us up, care about our lives, take care of our health and help us overcome difficulties. They think all decisions they make are good for us. Besides, they are more experienced. So we should do as they ask.Sometimes, obligations to parents cause people much distress. Between parents and us, there is often a generation gap. As we grow up, we develop our attitude toward life and the world. Sometimes parental hopes and personal desires ate quite different things. So we will be upset if we unwillingly act on their hopes.Wed better find a way which can make ourselves happy while pleasing our parents at the same time. Its necessary for us to exchange our thoughts with our parents from time to time so that we can narrow the gap between us. In this way, both parental hopes and personal desires will come true. 5. A Letter to a Good FriendDear John,Im very glad to hear that you have passed the entrance examination and been accepted by a very famous university. I feel very proud of you and I believe you really deserve the honor since you have been working so hard.As you have mentioned in the letter, there are both similarities and differences between college life and the life in high school. On the one hand, you have to go on working hard as there are a lot of subjects for you to learn. On the other hand, in high school, teachers will probably tell you what to learn and how to learn in details, and will also monitor your learning performance, while in college, teachers work like tour guides and you have to find your own way to acquire knowledge and solve problems.For you, I think to be optimistic is very important. If you hope to adapt yourself to the new environment, youd better be positive no matter what difficulties you will experience in your college life. May you adjust yourself to the college life as soon as possible! 6. Volunteers NeededDear Fellow Classmates,As summer vacation is just around the corner, our School Student Union is organizing a voluntary teaching program this summer and we are hoping for your participation.The teaching program is designed to offer courses to some rural middle schools in northwestern China where teaching facilities are extremely limited. Program members will provide basic courses covering computer skills, English, history and other practical fields to students there. Recruitment will be closing on June 1st, and we are scheduled to set off on June 4th to give lectures for four hours each day for 20 days there. The team will be returning on June 24th.We are convinced that your participation will bring remarkable value to both you and the children. All students who are interested are encouraged to attend our qualification test on May 15th. For further information, please feel free to call 6213*99, or you may email your questions to newchannel newchannel. org. School Student UnionTest 7Should High School Students Study Abroad?In this global village, more and more Chinese are studying abroad, and the age of overseas students is falling. As to whether high school students should join the trend, people have split views. According to a study in X city, 65% of the people go in for it, while 35% are opposed to it.The proponents believe studying abroad is a good thing, if circumstances allowed. First, going abroad offers a foreign language environment. Also students may experience another education system and life style. Moreover, high school students can foster a sense of independence, in order to better prepare for the future. However, some people still hold reservation. One of the concerns is the high tuition fee and living costs. Another is that some students may abuse freedom due to lack of discipline.Personally, I am supportive of such a choice for young people like high school students. They can not only learn advanced technologies, but also gain an insight into other cultures. As for the big costs, students may apply for scholarships or do some part-time jobs. What is more, studying abroad and parental supervision are not mutually exclusive. Thanks to modern communication facilities, parents may offer constant encouragement and guidance from a distance.Test 8Pros and Cons of Online ShoppingRapid development of the Internet leads to the rise of online shopping. People first browse through the screen to find wanted articles, then pay with credit or debit cards, and the goods are later delivered to them. Websites such as eBay and Taobao have become burgeoning competitors versus real stores, taking up a considerable market share.Convenience is the major attraction about online shopping. While it usually takes a whole day to wander about the malls, online shopping process is within several clicks of the mouse at home. Since the ordered goods are delivered to your doorsteps, there is no need to lug heavy bags home. Lower price is also an advantage. Online stores have lower overheads, thus reducing the costs. As a result, customers can have real bargains.However, at present, security of online shopping is still a concern for some people. There is a chance you could get ripped off by the website, or a hacker could work out the password of your credit card. What is more, customers only see the pictures online, and are sometimes dissatisfied with the actual item. After all, online shopping is an emerging thing, and we believe these problems can be solved when the market is more mature. By then, people can go shopping online free of worry.Test 9Private Cars in ChinaWith the improvement of peoples living standards, private cars have found their way to ordinary Chineses homes. Remarkable national economic growth provides a strong backing for the increasing trend. Nowadays, more and more citizens are planning to buy cars. And for some better-off families, one may not be enough.People embrace private cars primarily for its convenience, which can free us from the rigid timetable and fixed route of buses and metros. Efficiency is the second attraction, since driving is usually faster than other means of transportation. This advantage becomes obvious especially in the event of emergencies when it is difficult to take a taxi. Despite these merits, contrasting arguments are equally salient. First, efficiency is usually a mirage. Frequent congestions actually render the cities huge parking lots. Second, private cars are responsible for air pollution, as emission of carbon dioxide and ethane contribute to global warming.Now that there seems no way to stop people from buying cars due to consumers freedom of choice, it is almost certain that the number of private cars in China will continue to rise. If we can improve the road systems, and develop more environment-friendly cars, we may minimize the negative consequences while enjoying the benefits.Test 10Smoking in Public Places Should Be BannedI believe smoking in public places should be banned, primarily for health and security reasons. First, as is known to all, smoking is bad for health, especially for women and children, who are usually the victims of “second-hand smoking”. When smoking is allowed in places where people congregate, non-smokers either have to leave, or risk developing chronic respiratory diseases. Second, smoking is often responsible for fire accidents. This is most serious in KTVS and bars which feature limited room, few exists and poor ventilation.As one can expect, some smokers oppose banning smoking in public places; they hold that smoking is one of their rights, and where to smoke is also an entirely personal choice. For them, smoking is a relaxation and enjoyment. And there seems no place more appropriate for such purpose than places of entertainment.Of course, there may be nothing wrong with smoking itself, which is indeed a matter of individual choice. However, smoking in public places is quite different, because it involves more parties than the smokers themselves. It actually infringes on the health and safety of non-smokers, and therefore should be banned. For relaxation and comfort, smokers may as well smoke in the open air or at home.Test 11December16, 2006Dear Mr. Mayor,I am writing to you to complain about the construction sites in our city, which cause serious environmental problems, and affect the life of residents in neighboring communities.My major concerns are the air pollution and the noise pollution. When the heavy industrial equipment is working, the air is always full of rising dust and sometimes even black smoke. This greatly degraded the quality of air. As people inhale dust particles and polluted air every day, their respiratory system is bound to be affected.The other problem is the restless noise. Some construction sites operate after 8 pm, when most people need a little rest. The noise is not necessarily thunderous, but nevertheless disturbing. For people who go to sleep early, the noise is definitely a nuisance. If this situation goes on, the citizens rights cannot be guaranteed.I think two measures could be taken to solve the problems. First, construction work is inevitably dusty and noisy, but local authorities can set up higher pollution control standard, and restrict the working hours. Second, if some sites violate the regulation, more sever punishment should be imposed on the people responsible.It is my sincere hope that the pollution problems caused by the building sites will be looked into and solved as soon as possible. Im looking forward to your early reply. Yours sincerely, Wang Ling一、倍數(shù)增減的表示法 51) Force N1 _(比力N2大2.5倍).is 2.5 times greater than Force N2（考點(diǎn)：倍數(shù) + 形容詞/副詞比較級(jí) + than）2) This substance _(反應(yīng)速度是另外那種物質(zhì)的三倍).reacts three times as fast as the other one（考點(diǎn)：倍數(shù) + as + 形容詞/副詞 + as）3) The earth _(是月球大小的49倍).is 49 times the size of the moon（考點(diǎn)：倍數(shù) + 名詞）4) The landlord _(想將租金提高三分之一)wants to raise the rent by a third（考點(diǎn)：動(dòng)詞 + by + 數(shù)詞/百分比/倍數(shù)）5) They _(計(jì)劃將投資增加一倍).plan to double their investment（考點(diǎn)：double + 名詞）二、時(shí)態(tài) 61) Be quick, _(否則等我們到達(dá)教堂時(shí)婚禮就已經(jīng)結(jié)束了).or the wedding will have finished by the time we get to the church（考點(diǎn)：將來(lái)完成時(shí)）2) When she got home, _(孩子們已經(jīng)睡著了).the children had fallen asleep（考點(diǎn)：過(guò)去完成時(shí)）3) When I prepare for the college entrance examination, _(我姐姐將在海邊度假).my sister will be taking her vacation at the seaside（考點(diǎn)：將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)）4) I_(一上午都在修改我的簡(jiǎn)歷).have been revising my resume all the morning（考點(diǎn)：現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)）5) Do you often go on holiday? _(不，我已經(jīng)有五年沒(méi)有度假了).No. It has been five years since I went on holiday（考點(diǎn)：It has been since sb. did sth. 表示某人有多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間沒(méi)有做某事了）6) He joined the army in October, 2001. _(他參軍已五年了).He has been in the army for 5 years（考點(diǎn)：1. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；2.要用持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞才能接一段時(shí)間）三、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 51) The blackboard and chalk _(正在被電腦和投影機(jī)所取代).is being replaced by the computer and the projector（考點(diǎn)：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)）2) The book _(到今年年底就將已出版).n will have been published by the end of this year（考點(diǎn)：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的將來(lái)完成時(shí)）n 3) Computer models _(可以用來(lái)演示細(xì)胞工作的方式).n can be used to demonstrate the way that cells work（考點(diǎn)：1. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞聯(lián)用; 2. 漢語(yǔ)有些沒(méi)有“被”字等標(biāo)志詞的句子也表示被動(dòng), 要譯成英語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）n 4) When the bill of fare was brought, _(我驚呆了，價(jià)格大大超出了我的預(yù)料).n I was startled, for the prices were a great deal higher than I had anticipated（考點(diǎn)：同“3”的考點(diǎn)2）n 5) _(必須立即采取有效措施)to eliminate sandy storms.n Effective measures must be taken immediately（考點(diǎn)：漢語(yǔ)的無(wú)主句通常翻譯成英語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）四、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 51) The phone is ringing, _(但是沒(méi)人接聽(tīng)。她一定不在家).but there is no answer. She cant be at home（考點(diǎn)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞可以表示可能性，cant 表示“一定不”）2) I cant find my sunglasses. _(我可能昨天落在咖啡店里了).n I may have left them in the coffee shop yesterdayn （考點(diǎn)：“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/could, may/might, must + 完成式”用于表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作的主觀判斷）n 3) You screamed in your sleep last night. _(你一定夢(mèng)見(jiàn)什么可怕的東西了).n You must have dreamed of something terrible（考點(diǎn)：同上）4) Its a pity. _(你本應(yīng)該邀請(qǐng)她來(lái)參加你的畢業(yè)典禮的).n You should have invited her to your graduation ceremony（考點(diǎn)：“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should/ought to + have done” 用于評(píng)論過(guò)去應(yīng)該做而實(shí)際并未做的動(dòng)作，含有批評(píng)的意思）5) _(其實(shí)我沒(méi)必要穿上我最好的套裝去參加那次聚會(huì)的); most of the guests were wearing jeans and sweaters.n I neednt have put on my best suit to go to the partyn （考點(diǎn)：“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞neednt + have + done”表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作進(jìn)行評(píng)論，認(rèn)為“無(wú)須發(fā)生”，“不必做”)五、虛擬語(yǔ)氣 22n 1) I wish _(我年輕的時(shí)候有你們這樣的機(jī)會(huì)).n I had had your opportunities when I was young（考點(diǎn)：I wish后的that從句中用過(guò)去完成式表示過(guò)去沒(méi)有實(shí)現(xiàn)或不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望）2) If only _(他知道這病是可以治好的)! Then he would not have killed himself.he had known this disease is curable（考點(diǎn)：If only 引導(dǎo)的感嘆句表示“但愿”或“要是就好了”，用法與 I wish基本相同）3) Would you like him to paint your door with yellow stars? Id rather he _(漆成藍(lán)色的，而且不帶任何裝飾).painted it blue, and without any decorations（考點(diǎn)：would rather 后的that從句中用過(guò)去式表示不是事實(shí)）n 4) Its high time that _(采取措施解決交通堵塞的問(wèn)題).n measures were taken to solve the problem of traffic jams（考點(diǎn)：Its (about/high) time 后的that從句中用過(guò)去式，表示“該是的時(shí)候了”）5) Hugh usually talks _(仿佛在大會(huì)上發(fā)表演說(shuō)似的).n as though he were delivering a speech at an assemblyn （考點(diǎn)：as if / as though引導(dǎo)的從句中用過(guò)去式表示和現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在情況有所懷疑）6) We insist that _(讓杰克立刻進(jìn)醫(yī)院).n Jack (should) be sent to hospital right nown （考點(diǎn)：表示“建議、命令、要求、想法”的動(dòng)詞所接的賓語(yǔ)從句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虛擬形式）n 7) It was advised that _(在居民區(qū)設(shè)立更多的流動(dòng)商店).n more mobile shops (should) be set up in the residential area（考點(diǎn)：表示“建議、命令、要求、想法”的動(dòng)詞所接的主語(yǔ)從句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虛擬形式）8) His proposal was that _(他們成立一個(gè)專(zhuān)門(mén)委員會(huì)來(lái)檢查這個(gè)問(wèn)題).n they (should) set up a special board/committee to examine this problemn （考點(diǎn)：表示“建議、命令、要求、想法”的名詞所接的表語(yǔ)從句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虛擬形式）9) We are going to discuss his suggestion that _(取消期中考試).n the mid-term exams (should) be canceledn （考點(diǎn)：表示“建議、命令、要求、想法”的名詞所接的同位語(yǔ)從句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虛擬形式）10) It is ridiculous that _(我們?cè)谝粋€(gè)總是下雨的國(guó)家還缺水).n we (should) be short of water in a country where it is always rainingn （考點(diǎn)：在It is/was +形容詞后的that從句中常用“sb. should do”的形式表示建議驚奇等。n 這類(lèi)形容詞常見(jiàn)的有：advisable, anxious, desirable, essential, important, impossible, improper, necessary, proper, urgent, vital, ）11) It is essential that _(每個(gè)人都為緊急情況做好準(zhǔn)備)n everyone (should) be prepared for emergency（考點(diǎn)：同上）12) _(如果他按照我告訴他的辦法訂票), we would have had quite a comfortable journey. If he had booked tickets in the way I told him（考點(diǎn)：在非真實(shí)條件句中用過(guò)去完成式表示與過(guò)去的事實(shí)相反）n 13) I was to have made a speech _(要不是有人把我的話打斷了).if I had not been interrupted（考點(diǎn)：同上）14) It didnt rain last night. _(要是下了，地就會(huì)濕的).n If it had rained, the ground would be wet（考點(diǎn)：在非真實(shí)條件句中，當(dāng)主句與從句表示的動(dòng)作不是同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)，就根據(jù)情況用適當(dāng)?shù)闹^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式）15) _(如果我一直住在紐約), I would know the U.S. well now.n If I had been living in New York（考點(diǎn)：同上）16) If the doctor had not come in time, _(他現(xiàn)在就不在人間了).n he would be dead now（考點(diǎn)：同上）17) But for his help, _(我們就不會(huì)以這么低的價(jià)格租到房子了).we could not have rent a house at such a low price（考點(diǎn)：but for經(jīng)常作為非真實(shí)條件句中if的代用語(yǔ)）n 18) I used my calculator; _(否則，我會(huì)花更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間才能算出這道題). otherwise, it would have taken me more time to work out this question （考點(diǎn)：otherwise也經(jīng)常作為非真實(shí)條件句中if的代用語(yǔ)）19) Were I in your place, _(我會(huì)毫不猶豫地抓住機(jī)會(huì)). I would seize the opportunity without hesitation （考點(diǎn)：在非真實(shí)條件句中如果有were, had, should這三個(gè)詞，可以省去if，采用主謂語(yǔ)倒裝的形式來(lái)表示條件）20) Had it not been for their opposition, _(這項(xiàng)法案早就通過(guò)了). this act would have been passed much earlier（考點(diǎn)：同上） 21) Should there be another world war, _(人類(lèi)的繼續(xù)存在就會(huì)有危險(xiǎn)).n the continued existence of the human race would be in jeopard（考點(diǎn)：同上）22) He walked lightly _(以免驚醒嬰兒). lest he should awaken the baby（考點(diǎn)：lest (以免)引導(dǎo)的從句通常用sb. should do的形式表示虛擬）六、不定式 10n 1) It was a great achievement _(10個(gè)月建成一棟24層的樓).n to complete a 24-story building in 10 monthsn （考點(diǎn)：不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)常用it作形式主語(yǔ)放在句首代替不定式，而將不定式移到謂語(yǔ)后面）2) It is necessary _(我們?cè)诳荚嚽昂煤玫厮煌砩嫌X(jué)). for us to have a good nights sleep before the test （考點(diǎn)：有時(shí)用“介詞for + 代詞/名詞”來(lái)表示不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)，這時(shí)整句的謂語(yǔ)描述的對(duì)象是事情，n 這種情況下謂語(yǔ)中常用的形容詞有：necessary, important, possible, impossible, all right, essential等）n 3) It is generous _(你把這么多錢(qián)捐給災(zāi)區(qū)人民).n of you to donate so much money to the people in the disaster area（考點(diǎn)：有時(shí)用“介詞of + 代詞/名詞”來(lái)表示不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)，這時(shí)整句的謂語(yǔ)描述的對(duì)象是人，n 常用的形容詞有：bold, brave, careful, careless, cruel, foolish, generous, honest, kind, polite, rude, selfish, silly, stupid, thoughtful, thoughtless, wicked, wise, wrong）n 4) The teacher decided _(不懲罰那些上課遲到的學(xué)生).n not to punish those students who had been late for classn （考點(diǎn)：1. 用不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作decide的賓語(yǔ)；2.不定式的否定形式是在to前加not）n 能帶不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞常見(jiàn)的有：afford, attempt, beg, decide, forget, intend, manage, mean, offer, prefer, promise, ）5) Mr. Green was wondering _ (是否去看望在法國(guó)的兒子).whether to visit their son in France（考點(diǎn)：“疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”作動(dòng)詞wonder的賓語(yǔ)。6) The gardener _(剛才警告我不要在中午給花澆水).warned me just now not to water flowers at noon（考點(diǎn)：不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)）7) We _(請(qǐng)他給我們做有關(guān)現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)的講座). invited him to give us a lecture on modern