專題05 情態(tài)動詞與虛擬語氣.doc

專題05 情態(tài)動詞與虛擬語氣1.I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone _ it.A. will have stolen B. might have stolen C. should have stolen D. must have stolen（2011江蘇卷, 34【答案】B【考點】考查虛擬語氣的用法?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椤拔野盐业氖痔岚湓诨疖嚿狭恕５疫\的是，有人拾到交給了鐵路部門。失而復(fù)得，簡直難以置信！我是說，本來可能有人會偷了去。”will have done將來可以完成，must have done一定做過某事，表示對過去事情的肯定推測，都與題意不符。should have done本來應(yīng)該做某事，而實際沒做，這就意味著希望有人偷包。might have stolen 過去可能做過，語氣較婉轉(zhuǎn)或不肯定，根據(jù)句意選B。2.Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?I am afraid you , in case he comes late for the meeting .A. will B. must C. may D. can （2011福建卷, 25【答案】B【考點】考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。【解析】句意為“需要我現(xiàn)在就通知他計劃有變嗎？恐怕你得這樣做，以防他開會遲到?！眒ust (表示必要、命令或強制)必須,得。根據(jù)后半句，選B。3.Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.I it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview.A. attended B. had attended C. would attend D. would have attended（2011福建卷, 34【答案】D【考點】考查虛擬語氣的用法?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椤罢婵上沐e過了那場有關(guān)核污染的講座。我本可以去聽的，但我當(dāng)時忙于工作面試?！睂^去的虛擬，用主語+should / would / could / might + have done表達，故選D。4.What do you think of store shopping in the future?Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but _.A. will never replace B. would never replace C. will never be replaced D. would never be replaced （2011安徽卷, 26【答案】C【考點】考查情態(tài)動詞的用法?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椤澳銓淼纳痰曩徫镌趺纯矗课覀€人認(rèn)為會與在家購物并存，但商店購物不會被取代?！备鶕?jù)I think it will exist along with home shopping，排除虛擬的選項D，這是表示將來的時間，考慮到被動語態(tài)，選C。5.Hows your new babysitter?We _ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.A. should B. might C. mustnt D. couldnt （2011浙江卷, 11【答案】D【考點】考查情態(tài)動詞的用法【解析】句意為“一一你的新保姆怎么樣？一一找不到更好的了.我們的孩子。我們的孩子很喜歡她。”should應(yīng)該：might可能，可以；mustnt禁止；couldnt不可能。根據(jù)句意選D。6. They_ have arrived at lunchtime but their fight was delayed.A. will B. can C. must D. should （2011全國卷, 32【答案】D【考點】考査虛擬語氣的用法【解析】句意為“他們本該午飯時到達，但他們的航班推遲了.?！県ave done將來可以完成；can have done可能做過嗎？表示對過去行為的懷疑，用于疑問句；must have done 一定做過某事，表示對過去事情的肯定推測；should have done本來應(yīng)該做某事，而實際沒做； but their fight was delayed這樣的結(jié)果，說明他們本來該到達卻沒有到達，因此選D.7. If you smoke, please go outside.A. can B. should C.must D.may （2011全國卷II, 8【答案】C【考點】考查情態(tài)動詞的用法?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椤叭绻惴堑靡闊煟埖酵饷嫒コ??！?must(表示主張)一定要，堅持要.根據(jù)后一句please go outside，選C-8.I dont really like James. Why did you invite him? Dont worry. He come. He said he wasnt certain what his plans were.A. must not B. need not C. would not D. might not （2011北京卷, 24【答案】D【考點】考查情態(tài)動詞的用法?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椤拔艺娌幌矚gJames。你為何請了他？別擔(dān)心。他可能來不了。他說他的計劃還沒安排好。”題干中的he wasnt certain說明他可能不來，可能來，因此使用不完全否定might not。選D。9.Where are the children? The dinners going to be completely ruined. I wish they always late.A. werent B. hadnt been C. wouldnt be D. wouldnt have been （2011北京卷, 28【答案】A【考點】考查虛擬語氣的用法。【解析】句意為“孩子們哪兒去了？這頓飯快要吃不起來了。我但愿他們不要老是遲到。”wish引出虛擬語氣，題干中出現(xiàn)always，從句虛擬使用一般過去時。選A。10. Maybe if I science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.A. studied B. would study C. had studied D. was studying （2011北京卷, 30【答案】C【考點】考查虛擬語氣的用法?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椤盎蛟S當(dāng)初我要是學(xué)了理科而不是文科，現(xiàn)在就能給你更多的幫助。”then表示過去的時間，if引導(dǎo)的從句是對過去的虛擬，因此使用過去完成時。選C。11. I _ sooner but I didnt know that they were waiting for me.A. had come B. was coming C. would come D. would have come （2011天津卷,15【答案】D【考點】考查虛擬語氣的用法?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椤拔冶緛砜梢栽琰c來，但我真不知道他們在等我?！眀ut I didnt know表示了過去時間，因此前句是對過去的虛擬，用主語+should / would / could / might + have done表達，故選D。12. Some young people these days just _ go out of their homes to contact the real world. A. mustnt B. wont C. mightnt D. shouldnt （2011上海春招, 27【答案】B【考點】考查情態(tài)動詞的用法?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椤艾F(xiàn)在一些年輕人就是不愿意走出家門接觸真正的世界?！眒ustnt禁止，不允許；wont不愿意，就是不，偏不，具有主觀性；mightnt可能不；shouldnt不應(yīng)該。根據(jù)句意選B。13. The police still havent found the lost child, but theyre doing all they .A. can B. may C. must D. should （2011四川卷, 20【答案】A【考點】考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。 【解析】句意為“警方依然沒有找到失蹤的孩子，但他們現(xiàn)在正在做他們所能做的一切?！眂an可以，能夠；may可能，許可；must必須；should應(yīng)該。根據(jù)句意，選A。14. Why didnt you come to Simons party last night? I wanted to, but my mom simply _ not let me out so late at night.A. could B. might C. would D. should （2011重慶卷, 25【答案】C【考點】考查情態(tài)動詞的用法?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椤白蛲砟銥槭裁礇]來參加Simon的聚會？我想來的，但我媽媽就是不愿我這么晚出來?！眂ould可以，能夠，表示可能性或用于婉轉(zhuǎn)語氣；might可能，表示不確定；would愿意，偏要，表示意志；should應(yīng)該，表示建議、命令、決定等。根據(jù)題意選C。15. I _through that bitter period without your generous help. A. couldnt have gone B. didnt go C. wouldnt go D. hadnt gone （2011陜西卷,22【答案】A【考點】考查虛擬語氣的用法。 【解析】句意為“沒有你的慷慨幫助，我是不可能度過那段痛苦的時期的?！眛hat bitter period表示過去的時間，對過去的虛擬語氣用主語+should / would / could / might + have done表達，故選A。16. Will you read me a story ,Mummy? OK. You _have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.A. might B. must C. could D. shall （2011陜西卷,24【答案】D【考點】考查情態(tài)動詞的用法?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椤皨寢?，可以讀一個故事給我聽嗎？好的，如果你馬上上床睡覺的話。”shall 用于陳述句中的第二、第三人稱時,表示說話人的意圖、允諾、警告、命令、決心等，題中是母親對兒子的承諾，故選D。17. No one _ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.A. can B. need C. must D. might （2011湖南卷,28【答案】A【考點】考查情態(tài)動詞的用法?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椤霸诖蚧@球方面沒人能比得上姚明?！眂an可以，能夠；need需要；must必須；might可能。故根據(jù)題意，選A。18. If you go, at least wait until the storm is over. A. can B. may C. must D. will （2011遼寧卷,21【答案】C【考點】考查情態(tài)動詞的用法?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椤叭绻惴堑米咴挘辽僖惨鹊竭@暴風(fēng)雨過去后。”can可以，能夠；may 可能，許可；must(表示主張)一定要，堅持要；will將要，愿意。根據(jù)后句的勸告，選C。19. It _ be the postman at the door. Its only six oclock.A. mustnt B. cant C. wont D. neednt （2011江西卷23【答案】B【考點】考查虛擬語氣的用法?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椤安豢赡苁青]遞員在門口，才六點鐘呢?！眒ustnt 禁止，不允許；cant 不可能；wont 不愿意，就是不，偏不；neednt 不需要。根據(jù)后一句中“現(xiàn)在僅僅是六點”，only一詞肯定語氣強烈，前一句為門外的絕不可能是郵遞員。故選B。20. We _Johns name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.A. will put B. will have put C. would put D. would have put （2011江西卷28【答案】B【考點】考查虛擬語氣的用法。【解析】句意為“要不是因為他最近受傷，我們本應(yīng)該把John的名字加進昨天的比賽名單中?！眀ut for 是虛擬語氣的提示，yesterday表示過去的時間。對過去的虛擬，用主語+should / would / could / might + have done表達，故選B。21. Jack described his father, who _a brave boy many years ago, as a strong willed manA. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been （2010安徽【答案】D【考點】本題考查情態(tài)動詞推測用法。【解析】句意為 “杰克把他的父親描述為一個意志堅強的人, 他的父親多年前肯定很勇敢?！庇胢ust have been表示對過去事情的肯定推測。22. Bob would have helped us yesterday, but he-_A. was busy B. is busy C. had been busy. D. will be busy （2010安徽【答案】A【考點】本題考查虛擬語氣與時態(tài)?！窘馕觥壳熬浔硎緦^去的虛擬, 而but之后表示過去的客觀事實, 故用一般過去時態(tài)。23. You buy a gift, but you can if you want to.A. must B. mustnt C. have to D. dont have to （2010湖南【答案】D【考點】本題考查情態(tài)動詞?！窘馕觥縟ont have to 意為 “沒有必要”, 符合語境, 句意為：“你沒有必要買禮物, 但如果你想買的話, 你也可以買?！?4. If he my advice, he wouldnt have lost his job. A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow （2010湖南【答案】C【考點】考查虛擬語氣?！窘馕觥扛鶕?jù) “wouldnt have lost”可判斷if引導(dǎo)的狀語從句表示與過去事實相反的虛擬, 故選C項。25. I have told you the truth. _ I keep repeating it?A Must B Can C May D Will （2010江西【答案】A【考點】考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。【解析】must 必須, 一定 can 可以, 能夠 may 也許 will 意愿, 傾向性動作, 前半句說我告訴你事實了, 這里用的是現(xiàn)在完成時, 表示過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成了影響, 既然我已經(jīng)說了, 我還必須重復(fù)一遍嗎？26. I_ have watched that movie itll give me horrible dreams. A. shouldnt B. neednt C. couldnt D. mustnt （2010山東【答案】A【考點】本題考査情態(tài)動詞的用法.【解析】句意應(yīng)為“我本來不應(yīng)該看那部電影的-它會使我做噩夢的。”表示“本來不應(yīng)該做而做了某事用shouldnt have done,所以A項正確.27. Mark have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.A. neednt B.wouldnt C.mustnt D.couldnt （2010天津【答案】A【考點】考査情態(tài)動詞【解析】句意：邁克本來不必要那么忙的。這么高速駕駛之后，他早半個小時到達了。根據(jù)后面的語境，提前半個小時到達，說明Mark本來不必那么匆忙，所以用neednt have done 結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“本來不必要做某事的而實際上做了。28.John went to the hospital alone If he about it, I would have gone with him.should tell .tells C. told D. had told （2010天津【答案】D【考點】考查逸擬語氣【解析】句意：約翰獨自去了醫(yī)院。如果他告訴我的話, 我會跟他一起去的。前一句是陳述語氣, 說明動發(fā)生在過去, 而且后一句的主句已經(jīng)是would have gone說明是與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣。與之對應(yīng)的從句結(jié)構(gòu), 應(yīng)該用had +過去分詞。29. I take the book out?Im afraid not.A. Will B. May C. Must D. Need （2010四川【答案】B【考點】考查情態(tài)動詞?！窘馕觥勘碚埱罂捎们閼B(tài)動詞can, may, could, might ,表允許用can, may.句意為： “我可以將這本書帶出去嗎？” “恐怕不行”。故應(yīng)選表情請求的情態(tài)動詞may。正確【答案】為B。30. Just be patient .You _ expect the world to change so soon.A. cant B. neednt C. may not D. whether （2010全國【答案】A【考點】考查情態(tài)動詞?！窘馕觥烤湟猓耗托囊稽c兒, 你不能期望世界變化如此快。通過選項此題考查情態(tài)動詞, cant在否定句中可以表示推測, 譯為不可能,可以表示能力, 譯為不能夠, 也可以表示命令, 不允許, 但是語氣比mustnt弱, 具有勸慰的意思, 根據(jù)句意此題中選擇A, cant表示勸慰。31.I havent got the reference book yet, but Ill have a test on the subject next month.Dont worry. You_ have it by Friday.A. could B. shall C. must D. may （2010全國【答案】B【考點】考查情態(tài)動詞?！窘馕觥縮hall在第二人稱中表示允諾, 還可以表示強制, 命令, 威脅, 警告。還有在法律條文中的要求或規(guī)定。32. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but Id rather he_ more on its culture.A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused （2010江蘇【答案】B【考點】本題考查虛擬語氣。【解析】would rather后應(yīng)用虛擬語氣, 表示與現(xiàn)在時間相反, 用動詞的過去式33. May I take this book out of the reading room? No, you . You read it in here. A. mightnt B. wont C. neednt D. mustnt （2010陜西【答案】D【考點】考查情態(tài)動詞?！窘馕觥坑⒄Z中用could, might表示詢問或征求意見的問句中, 肯定性應(yīng)答要用can或may來代替could或might, 而may或might征求意見的問句否定應(yīng)答時要用mustnt, 故本題選D。34. If we _ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken （2010陜西【答案】B【考點】考查虛擬語氣?！窘馕觥克钤~做虛擬語氣中條件狀語從句的謂語, 根據(jù)主句的謂語動詞形式might have arrived可知題干是與過去事實相反, 故所填部分用had+過去分詞形式, 選B。35. Im afraid Mr. Harding _see you now. Hes busy.A. cant B. mustnt C. shouldnt D .neednt （2010全國【答案】A【考點】情態(tài)動詞考查?！窘馕觥拷Y(jié)合語境, 根據(jù)情態(tài)動詞用于疑問或否定推測時, 要用cant。36. Its said that they have swum to the island from the continent, but they _（不可能做到）because the ocean in between is too wide. (do)【答案】cant/ couldnt have done it （2010湖北【考點】情態(tài)動詞【解析】當(dāng)要對過去進行肯定的推測時, 要用 “cant/couldnt+have+done”的結(jié)構(gòu)37. Mr. Johnson insisted that the problem worthy of attention _ (討論) at the meeting. (discuss)【答案】(should) be discussed （2010湖北【考點】本題考查虛擬語氣?！窘馕觥縤nsist”引導(dǎo)的賓語從句要用虛擬，從句結(jié)構(gòu)是“should”(可省略) 加動詞原形，主語 “problem”是要“被討論”。38. Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it be regular exerciseA. can B.will C.must D. may （2010遼寧【答案】C 【考點】考査情態(tài)動詞 【解析】句意：醫(yī)生說鍛煉對身阼重要：但是必須是有規(guī)律的鍛煉.Cm 般表示可能，或能力”；will表示“意志”；may表示“許可，可能”；must表示“必須”.39. -Good morning. Ive got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department.-Ah,good morning. You be Mrs. Peters.A. might B. must C. would D. can （2010北京【答案】B 【考點】本題考査情態(tài)動詞在語境中的運用?！窘馕觥康谝粋€說話人說和史密斯小姐有約，那下面的人就回應(yīng)說，“那您一定就是Mrs. Peters了因此.排除A C D 。40. -The weather has been very hot and dry.-Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables _. A. wouldnt die B. didnt die C. hadnt died D. wouldnt have died （2010北京【答案】D【考點】本題考查虛擬語氣中對過去的虛擬。【解析】第二個說話人的If條件句是我們選擇正確【答案】的關(guān)鍵。要是當(dāng)時下雨了, 現(xiàn)在的情況就好的多了！我的蔬菜也就不會死了。過去沒有下雨, 所以我的蔬菜干死了也是發(fā)生在過去。而將句子還原則為If it had rained even a drop, my vegetables wouldnt have died. If+ had done, 主句為couldnt/ shouldnt/ wouldnt have done.41. Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy .Awould have been savedBhad been saved Cwill be savedDwas saved （2010浙江【答案】A【考點】本題考查虛擬語氣?！窘馕觥扛鶕?jù)句子的倒裝特征判斷此處是省略了if的虛擬語氣, 原形是：If I had known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy .故選擇A。句意為：如果我早知道這個電腦程序, 就可以節(jié)省大量的時間和精力了。42. “You _ have a wrong number,” she said. “Theres no one of that name here.”A. need B. can C. must D. would （2010浙江【答案】C【考點】本題考查情態(tài)動詞?！窘馕觥靠隙ǖ牟聹y, 用must43. -Sorry, Professor Smith. I didnt finish the assignment yesterday.-Oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline.A. must B. mustnt C. should D. shouldnt （2010上?！敬鸢浮緾【考點】本題考查的是虛擬語氣【解析】此處表示和過去事實相反的情況, 應(yīng)該用should + have + 過去分詞。本來應(yīng)該做, 而未做44. You park here! Its an emergency exit. A. wouldntB. needntC. couldntD. mustnt （2010重慶【答案】D【考點】本題考查情態(tài)動詞?！窘馕觥坑珊竺娴?“這是一個緊急出口”可知, 這兒是禁止某人停車, 所以用mustnt表示禁止某人做某事。符合語境。45. Some people who dont like to talk much are not necessarily shy；they just be quiet people.A. must B. may C. should D. would （2009安徽【答案】B【考點】本題考查情態(tài)動詞的用法?！窘馕觥坑行┤瞬幌矚g講話are not necessarily shy, 他們可能是安靜的人, 表示 “可能”之意。46. One of the few things you _ say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather.A. need B. must C. should D. can （2009北京【答案】D【考點】本題考查情態(tài)動詞的用法?！窘馕觥筷P(guān)于英語的話題中, 你絕對有把握談?wù)摰臉O少幾個話題之一, 就是很多時候都在談?wù)撎鞖狻?7. Its the office! So you know eating is not allowed here. Oh, sorry.A. must B. will C. may D. need （2009湖南【答案】A【考點】本題考查情態(tài)動詞的用法?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椋哼@是辦公室！因此你必須知道吃的不允許帶到這里。must表示 “絕不”的意思。48. What do you mean, there are only ten tickets? There be twelveA. should B. would C. will D. shall （2009海南【答案】A 【考點】本題考查情態(tài)動詞的用法?！窘馕觥磕氵@是什么意思, 只有十張票嗎?應(yīng)該有十二人。should表示 “應(yīng)該, 應(yīng)當(dāng)”。49. It_ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.A. may B. can C. must D. should （2009上海【答案】C【考點】考查情態(tài)動詞表推測?！窘馕觥客ㄟ^意思我們知道是表示可能的推測, 而且是過去的可能, 表達的是一定是.比較肯定的推測, 所以我們用must have done 的形式。50. I dont care what people think.Well, you _A. could B. would C. should D. might （2009四川【答案】C【考點】考查情態(tài)動詞的用法?！窘馕觥看鹪挼娜颂崃艘粋€建議你應(yīng)該關(guān)注別人對你的評價的。should可以用來向別人提建議, 所以【答案】為：C51. This printer is of good quality. If it _ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.A. would B. should C. could D. might （2009天津【答案】B【考點】考查情態(tài)動詞的用法?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椋哼@個打印機的質(zhì)量很好, 如果在一年內(nèi)出現(xiàn)故障, 我們將免費維修。52. Hi, Tom. AnyideawhereJaneis?She _intheclassroom. Isawhertherejustnow.A. shallbe B. shouldhavebeenC. mustbe D. mighthavebeen （2009重慶【答案】C【考點】考查情態(tài)動詞表推測的用法。【解析】根據(jù)題意, 我剛剛看見她在教室, 可以肯定推測她一定在那兒。53. I cant leave. She told me that I stay here until she comes back.A. can B. must C. will D. may （2009全國II【答案】B【考點】考查情態(tài)動詞的用法?！窘馕觥扛鶕?jù)前文, “我不能走”, 可以判斷她告訴我 “必須”呆在這兒。54. He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he it differently.A. could express B. would expressC. could have expressed D. must have expressed （2009江蘇【答案】C【考點】虛擬語氣?！窘馕觥縞ould have expressed it differently.他要是用另一種方式來說該多好呀。55. But for the help of my English teacher, I the first prize in the English Writing Competition.A. would not win B. would not have won C. would win D. would have won （2009福建【答案】B【考點】虛擬語氣?！窘馕觥看颂幪摂M語氣表示與過去事實相反, 句子謂語動詞用would/should/could/might + have done結(jié)構(gòu), 故選B。56. Lizawell not want to go on the tripshe hates traveling.A. willB. canC. mustD. may （2008全國【答案】D【考點】本題考查情態(tài)動詞的用法?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椋篖iza極有可能不想去旅行她討厭旅行。may well很可能, 極有可能, 表示猜測。當(dāng)表示猜測時, will和can不能與well連用, must只能用于肯定句中。57. John promised his doctor henot smoke, and he has never smoked ever since.A. might B. shouldC. couldD. would （2008北京【答案】D【考點】本題考查情態(tài)動詞的用法?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椋杭s翰答應(yīng)醫(yī)生他不再吸煙，從那以后，他再也沒有吸過煙。由句意可知空格處表示允諾，故應(yīng)選擇D項。58. Shehave left school, for her bike is still here.A. cant B. wouldnt C.shouldnt D. neednt （2008天津【答案】A【考點】本題考査情態(tài)動詞的用法【解析】句意為：她不可能離開了學(xué)校，因為她的自行車仍然在這兒.cant表示不可能， wouldnt have done表虛擬；shouldnt have done 本不該做(卻已做了）：neednt have done 本沒必要做（但已做了）。59. What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, hebetter.A. need have doneB. must have done C. can have done D. might have done （2008江西【答案】D【考點】本題考查情態(tài)動詞的用法.【解析】句意為：太遺憾了！鑒于他的能力和經(jīng)驗他本可能做得更好.。need have done本來有必要做（而沒做)；must have done是對過去發(fā)生的事情的肯定的推測，表示“過去一定做了” can have done是對過去發(fā)生的事情的不肯定的推測；might have done表示“本來可以”60. You dont have to know the name of the author to find a book. Youfind the book by the title.A. must B. need C. can D. would （2008湖南【答簽】C【考點】本題考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。【解析】句意為：要找到一本書你不一定非要知道作者的名字。你可以根據(jù)書的標(biāo)題找到這本書。can表示 “可以, 能夠”。61. What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?Well, itbe bigthats not important.A. mustntB. needntC. c