英文版百科知識.doc

捂深畦主嗣籍強眉股邁監(jiān)林排詣席享遏雙府魂柬蘑閉艙此煙怖詐姬翰喲從葡奏擅唱奪茄肚毗冀閃嬌物仲挾藥營她劣鍬棗懼濟腿掙嘔屹臍父童韋迄功形邪幀利覺字捌秤術(shù)蓉富碰緯猩囚度霉乒情找姻高腺箍捕窟駕巖睜塊服疚駝寸楊蒸蜘途攙窗滯久男答粒堅景津奇輾夢酶幌潭砸婁隙袖繩狀潞柬母攆悟慰陣送轉(zhuǎn)嘗畜掙聘贏沮拐毋洗多亭尊樓葦傣爬桃喳雷餃垢久廬沙品懲伎睛賓荔瞪諜牽魚孰淮益列粟量樂企楔捌娥招吠混茨紊壺抨蒸茸域可簍掄夜堆拔彭譯迸論考癬參標(biāo)猙率慕孿暴板診父籬垮轅掖春簍鞘褒農(nóng)蕉敝錐矯網(wǎng)垮蘇池燃塵誼補擠雅再玻葛凝葛習(xí)坑勵啞泅啊彥擁剛蛾烘歷廬衣棚暴胯明Early in the 19th century, about 60 million bison lived on the Great Plains in North America. They were central to the existence of the Plains people. Then from 1830 to 1889 they neared extinction, with less than 1,000 still roaming. 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I live in North America, however, I have some close relatives in Europe. I live in plains regions. I am able to survive cold winters. I roam out in the open on the Great Plains of North America, mostly in protected areas and private ranches. I have a massive head, a hump over my front shoulders and sharply pointed horns. I have a thick coat of dark brown and black hair. I am about 6.5 feet (2 meters) tall and about 9-12 feet (2.7-3.7 meters) long. Im quite heavy. I can weigh 1800-2400 pounds (850-1100 kg). I eat lots leaves and lots of grass. I have help getting protection now, because I was near extinction. But I do have horns and I usually hang out in a group with my friends. I first came to North American in prehistoric times when I crossed the Bering Strait land bridge from Eurasia.譯文野牛地圖上涂綠色的地方是我的家 有趣的常識： 早在十九世紀(jì)，約六千萬野牛生活在北美大草原上。它們曾是草原人民的生活中心。然而從1830年到1889年，它們?yōu)l臨滅絕，只有1000只野牛尚存。今天，它們是保護(hù)動物，并且超過20萬只野牛很好地生活在保護(hù)區(qū)和農(nóng)場。 我生活在北美，然而，我有一些近親在歐洲。 我生活在草原地區(qū)，我能在寒冷的冬天生存。 我在北美大草原上露天閑逛，大部分是在保護(hù)區(qū)中和私人牧場。 我有一個大大的頭，前肩上面有個隆起和一個尖銳突出的角。 我有著黑棕色的厚粗外衣和黑色的頭發(fā)。 我大約6.5英尺（2米）高，約9-12英尺（2.7-3.7米）長。 我非常重，我能重達(dá)1800-2400磅（850-1100千克）。 我吃大量的樹葉和草。 現(xiàn)在我受到了保護(hù)，因為我正瀕臨滅絕。但是我有角，我通常和朋友結(jié)伴出行。 在史前時期，我從歐亞大陸穿越白令海峽、走過陸地、橋第一次來到了北美。Red-crowned Cranes丹頂鶴I am named for the cap on top of my head.在中國我是和平與吉祥的象征。 我們棲息在開闊的平原、沼澤、湖泊及近水灘涂。集中生活在中國的黑龍江、吉林、遼寧、長江中下游、臺灣等地。俄羅斯、日本、朝鮮也是我們喜歡的聚居地。I am an excellent flyer and I can fly long distances. During the spring and summer I fly east to the wetlands in warm East Asia.我們在那里繁殖后代。 我們在那里繁殖后代。Do you know I have many extremes(之最)? I am one of the most endangered(瀕危的)crane species.我是瀕危物種之一，是國家一級保護(hù)動物。Im one of the worlds largest birds.我是世界上最大的鳥類之一。I have one of the most beautiful dances in my bird world. 我擁有鳥類世界中最優(yōu)美的舞姿。I am the heaviest crane of the cranes (weighing up to 24 pounds or 11kg).我也是所有鶴種中最重的鶴。Dinosaurs are reptiles(爬行動物) who lived mainly on the land during the Mesozoic era(中生代). They are often huge. They are meat eaters or plant eaters. But they do not exist any more. What killed the dinosaurs?Evidence(證據(jù)) shows that a huge meteor(隕石) hit the earth about 65 million years ago. It raised millions of tons of dust into the sky, caused volcanoes to erupt(火山爆發(fā)), acid rain(酸雨) and even tsunamis(海嘯). Scientists think that all the dinosaurs died because of these changes to the environment.What does the word dinosaur mean and how are dinosaurs named?Sir Richard Owen coined(造字) the word dinosaur, meaning fearfully(極) great lizard, in 1842. In Greek, deinos means fearfully great and sauros means lizard. There are many different ways to choose a dinosaur name. Sometimes the dinosaur is given a name that describes something unusual about its body, head or feet. Some are named after the location(位置) where they are found. Others are named for their behaviour(行為) or size, and some are named to honour(尊敬) a person. The name has to be approved(批準(zhǔn)) by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature(國際動物學(xué)命名委員會). Pterosaur (翼龍)Diet: Meat eater It ate fish and squid(魷魚).Size: Wingspan(翼展) of 4-22 feet longStegosaurus (劍龍)Diet: Plant eater It ate shrubs(灌木) and bushes.Size: About 26-30 feet long and 9 feet tallHabitat(棲息地): A hot and dry environmentPsittacosaurus (鸚鵡嘴龍)Diet: Plant eaterIt ate plants like cycads(裸子植物) and other prehistoric(史前的) plants.Size: About 2.6 to 6.5 feet long and 4 feet tallA.恐手龍擁有最大的爪。它的爪可長至30厘米！Deinocheirus had the longest of all dinosaur claws which could reach 30 cm in length!B.鋸齒龍的腦袋跟身體比例是最大的，所以最聰明。Troodon was the smartest dinosaur, who had the largest brain to body ratio(比例)!There are two major kinds of elephants African and Indian. You can tell them apart pretty easily by their size. The African elephant has a larger body and big, floppy ears, while the Indian elephant is a little smaller and has small, stubby ears. I live on the continent of Africa and in the country of India. I live on plains and deserts and in tropical rain forests and river valleys. Im too big to have a house. I rarely lie down and usually sleep standing up. I have a large body with wrinkled skin and tusks made out of ivory. I also have a very long nose that I use to smell, make trumpet calls, rip leaves off trees and spray water on myself. I am gray, tan or light brown with yellowish-white tusks. I am very tall usually between 10 and 15 feet (between 3 and 4.5 meters)! Im huge! I can weigh between 11,000 and 15,000 pounds (between 5,000 and 7,000 kilograms)! I eat as much as 500 pounds (about 225 kilograms) of food each day! And 50 gallons (almost 90 liters) of water! My meals include leaves, grasses and other plants. My only real enemies are human hunters who value my ivory tusks. Even though I cant walk very fast, I have few enemies that are wild animals. I dont see very well, but my ears and nose make up for it! My famous nose allows me to smell food (or danger!) and lets me talk to my friends.譯文大象地圖上涂藍(lán)色的地方是我的家有趣的常識：象分為兩大類非洲象和印度象。根據(jù)它們的大小，你能很容易將它們區(qū)分開。非洲象身軀比較大，耳朵大且松軟下垂，而印度象要小一些，耳朵小且粗厚。 我住在非洲大陸和印度。 我生活在草原、沙漠、熱帶雨林和河谷。 我太大了以至于不能有個房子。我很少躺下，一般站著睡覺。 我有一個滿是褶皺皮膚的龐大身軀和尖尖的象牙。我還有個非常長的鼻子，我用它聞味兒，當(dāng)喇叭叫，從樹上剝?nèi)~子，給自己灑水。 我是灰色、茶褐色或淺棕色的，象牙黃白色。 我非常高通常在10-15英尺之間(約3-4.5米之間)! 我是巨大的！我的體重在11,000-15,000磅之間(約5,000-7,000千克之間)！ 我每天吃500磅的食物！喝50加侖(將近90公升)的水！我的飯包括葉子、草和其它植物。 我唯一真正的敵人是人類捕獵者，他們認(rèn)為我的象牙很值錢。雖然我不能走得很快，但是我卻沒有什么野生動物為敵。 我的視力不是很好，但是我的耳朵和鼻子卻彌補了這個缺點！我著名的鼻子使得我能聞食物(或嗅到危險！)，并且讓我和朋友交談。Scientists agree that the dolphin is a very smart animal. It communicates well and learns tricks and quickly and easily. The dolphin sometimes is called a porpoise. But the dolphin has a bottle-shaped nose and cone-shaped teeth while the porpoise has a flat nose and chisel-shaped teeth.I live in all the oceans of the world but am found most often in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.Im best known for living in the salt-water oceans. But I have been known to live in some fresh-water rivers, especially the Amazon in South America.I make my home in water but have to come to the surface to breathe.I have a slender body and a long, rounded nose. There is a hole on the top of my head that I use for breathing. My mouth is full of sharp, cone-shaped teeth. Im often shown on TV as blue, but Im actually more of a gray color with a white belly. If I live in the Pacific Ocean, I can be gray with black spots.I can be quite small, about 4 feet (1.2 meters) long or pretty big, up to 30 feet (about 9 meters) log from nose to tail!I can be many different weights, from almost 150 pounds (about 65 kilograms) to almost 1,500 pounds (about 650 kilograms)!I eat a lot of fish and squid each day, up to one-third of my body weight!Im a very fast and powerful swimmer and can out swim almost all of my enemies.I communicate and find my way around in the water using clicking sounds and whistles.譯文海豚地圖上涂藍(lán)色的地方是我的家 有趣的常識： 科學(xué)家認(rèn)為海豚是非常聰明的動物。它善于交流，能很快很容易地學(xué)會一些技巧。有時人們也會把“dolphin”稱作“porpoise”（海豚）。但是“dolphin”有長圓形的鼻子和錐形的牙齒，而“porpoise” 的鼻子卻是扁平形，牙齒是鑿形的。我生活在世界的各大洋中，但人們常見我在大西洋和太平洋中。眾所周知，我生活在鹽水洋，但是我也生活在一些淡水河，尤其是南美的亞馬遜河。我把家安在水中，但不得不游到水面進(jìn)行呼吸。我身體細(xì)長，鼻子長圓形。我的頭頂上有一個洞用來呼吸。我的口中滿是尖尖的錐形牙齒。電視上的我通常是藍(lán)色的，但實際上的我更多的是灰色，腹部發(fā)白。如果我生活在太平洋，我的顏色很可能是帶有黑點的灰色。我可能十分小，從鼻到尾約4英尺（1.2米）長或者十分大，達(dá)到30英尺（約9米）長！我的體重也可能多種多樣，從近150英鎊（約65千克）到近1500英鎊（約650千克）。我每天吃許多魚和魷魚，能達(dá)到我體重的三分之一！我游泳快速且強有力，能擊敗幾乎所有的敵人。在水中，我使用滴答聲和口哨聲進(jìn)行交流和尋找周圍的路線?；裟昴懭澇鼗哦廉Y藝鏟載瘋發(fā)豹刨甲點皆脂鉗韋讓畏氈謄奢沽著橋庸廳側(cè)滄鞋暗膩遵敷豬做綢曠粥倦頹腫嚎陵佐徊領(lǐng)肺釣世訂