unit9 chinese food的翻譯.doc

綜合英語教程 第四冊 Unit9 Brainstorming(2011-02-27 16:21:06)轉載標簽： 教育 分類： 綜合英語 1. Expressions of being healthy:be healthy, stay in good shape, have a clean bill of health, a sound mind in a sound body, fit and robust, glowing health, hale and hearty, feel like a million, cant complain, sound as a whistle, fresh, able-bodied, full of life, in the pink, physically fit, safe and sound, blooming, rosy-cheeked2. Expressions of being ill:be ill / sick / feeble and frail, come down with (flu / fever), ill health, feeling terrible / ill / awful / rotten / rundown, feeling like the walking dead / feeling rundown, feeling out of sorts, break out with, sick as a dog, on ones back, under the weather, unwell, have / run a temperature3. Expressions of treatment (medical / non-medical):take medicine, have . removed, (have an operation), therapeutic healing, injection, inoculation, medical check-up, medical tests, antibiotic treatment, cure-all, pick-me-up, painkiller, antidote, miracle drugs, medicinal, faith healer, panacea, acupuncture (針刺療法), osteopathy (推拿療法), homeopathy (草藥療法)4. Expressions of keeping fit:do exercise / aerobics (有氧操), stay positive, an apple a day keeps the doctor away, do yoga(逾迦), practise martial arts (武術), do soft boxing (打太極拳), practise qi-gong (氣功) Notes robust a. 強健的；茁壯的 hale a. 健壯的 feeble a. 無力的；軟弱的 frail a. 虛弱的；身體單薄的 disability n. 無能力；無力 therapeutic a. 有療效的；有益健康的 antibiotic a. 抗生素的，抗菌的 painkiller n. 止痛藥 antidote n. 解毒藥 medicinal a. 藥用的；有療效的 palliative n. 緩和物 acupuncture n. 針刺療法 osteopathy n. 推拿療法 homeopathy n. 草藥療法 aerobics n. 有氧運動(操) remedy n. 治療；藥品 Few things in life are as positive as food, or are taken as intimately and completely by the individual. One can listen to music, but the sound may enter in one ear and go out through the other; one may listen to a lecture or conversation, and day-dream about many other things; one may attend to matters of business, and ones heart or interest may be altogether elsewhere . In the matter of food and eating however one can hardly remain completely indifferent to what one is doing for long. How can one remain entirely indifferent to something which is going to enter ones body and become part of oneself? How can one remain indifferent to something which will determine ones physical strength and ultimately ones spiritual and moral fibre and well-being? Kenneth Lo- Kenneth Lo 生活中很少有幾樣東西像食物一樣實在，像食物一樣與我們息息相關的了。你可以在聽音樂時，樂聲左耳進，右耳出；你可以在聽報告或講話時，夢想許多其他的事情；你可以在關照生意時，心思早已跑到九霄云外.然而，關于食物和飲食，你幾乎不能很長時間漠不關心。你怎能漠不關心那些要吃進肚子里并且成為你身體一部分的東西？你怎能漠不關心那些將決定你的體力甚至情操氣節(jié)的東西？肯尼士.羅 summary Kenneth Lo thinks that eating is the most important thing in life.author Keenth Lo, a Chinese British, is a well-known gourmet and successful restaurant owner. He wrote a number of books on food.1. Few things in life are as positive as food, or are taken as intimately and completely by the individual.grammatical point as.asThe first as is often dropped in an informal style, especially in American English.Shes hard as nails.When a personal pronoun follows the second as, we can use either a subject-form or an object-form. Subject forms are more common in a formal style, but object-forms are much more common in informal speech and writing.She is as clever as me.The dress is twice as expensive as that.He looks as ill as he sounded on the phone.2. One can listen to music, but the sound may enter in one ear and go out through the other.enter in one ear and go out through the other: go in at one ear and out at the out, be heard but either ignored or quickly forgotten一耳進，一耳出；左耳進，右耳出；當作耳邊風Youve forgotten to buy the eggs! It (i.e. What I tell you) enters in one ear and go out through the other.3. .one may attend to matters of business, and ones heart or interest may be altogether elsewhere.paraphrase One may take care of business matters, and at the same time one may be absent-minded.4. In the matter of food and eating however one can hardly remain completely indifferent to what one is doing for long.in the matter of sth.: concerning sth.關于某事物I want to speak to her in the matter of my salary.idiomsIts all, (only, etc) a matter of time (before.): This consequence is inevitable though it may not happen immediately只是遲早的問題let the matter drop / rest: stop mentioning sth. or trying to change it就此作罷make matters worse: make an already difficult situation more difficult將事情弄得更糟糕a matter of sth. / doing sth. 涉及之問題a matter of life or death: issue that is crucial to survival, success, etc生死攸關的事情；成敗關鍵a matter of opinion: issue on which there is disagreement見仁見智的事Its simply a matter of time before the rebels are crushed.She reluctantly agreed to let the matter drop.Her attempts to calm them down only made matters worse.Dealing with these problems is all a matter of experience.Of course this must have priority - its a matter of life and death.She is a fine singer. Thats a matter of opinion.be indifferent to sb. / sth.: having no interest in sb. / sth.漠不關心，毫不在乎How can you be indifferent to thee sufferings of starving people?5. How can one remain indifferent to something which will determine ones physical strength and ultimately ones spiritual and moral fibre and well-being?determine: decide forcefully, strongly決定，決意 cause something to be decided確定He determined to work harder.The money we have will determine how long we can stay there.and ultimately ones spiritual and moral fibre and well-being:and food can determine whether a person is spiritual and morally strong and soundultimately: considered as a foundation or base 基礎地，基本地The president is ultimately responsible for the affair.moral: concerning character, behavior, or actions, considered or judged as being good or evil, right or wrong道德上的；based on the idea of what is right (compared with what is lawful)精神上的，良心上的，道義上的Commercial matters must be judged by moral as well as business standards.His judgment was based on the law of the land and not on moral law.cf. ethical: morally right or good合乎道德的I shouldnt do that; it isnt ethical. Para 1 This is an easy question for a Chinese to ask, but a Westerner might find it difficult to answer. Many people in the West are gourmets and others are gluttons, but scattered among them also is a large number of people who are apparently pretty indifferent to what goes into their stomachs, and do not regard food as having any ultimate moral effect on them. How, they might ask, could eating a hamburger or drinking Coca Cola contribute anything to making you a saint or a sinner? For them, food is quite simply a fuel. 對于中國人而言，這是一個很容易問的問題，但在西方人看來就可能難以回答。西方有很多人是美食家，其他的便是貪食者。而在他們中間又夾著一大批這樣的人，他們看上去對那些進入他們胃里的東西毫不在意，也從不去想食物對他們會有什么精神上的影響。他們也許會問，難道吃一個漢堡或喝一罐可樂就會使你變成圣人或罪人？在他們眼中，食物僅僅是用來填飽肚子的。 summary A large number of Westerners regard food simply as a kind of fuel and do not think that it has any moral effect on them.1. Many people in the West are gourmets and others are gluttons, but scattered among them also is a large number of people who are apparently indifferent to what goes into their stomachs, and do not regard food as having any ultimate moral effect on them.gourmet: n. person who enjoys and is expert in the choice of fine food, wines, etc. 美食家gourmet restaurant: a place serving fine food 菜肴精美的餐館glutton: person who eats too much 貪吃的人，吃得過多的人Youve eaten the whole pie, you glutton!idiom glutton for sth.: person always ready for more (of sth. difficult or unpleasant) 甘于承受更多困難、不快事物的人scatter: v. (of things or persons) to go, usu quickly, in different directions 分散，散去The people scattered when the soldiers came.stomach: n. (informal) front part of the body between the chest and thighs; abdomen 肚子； bag-like organ of the body into which food passes when swallowed and in which the first part of digestion occurs 胃He hit me in the stomach.Its unwise to swim on a full stomach, i.e. when one has just eaten a meal.idiomsstomach for sth.: desire or eagerness for sth. 對某事物的欲望或渴求I had no stomach for a fight.sbs eyes are bigger that his stomach: sb. is too greedy in asking for or taking more food than he can eat 眼大肚??；眼饞肚飽He is a person whose eyes are bigger than his stomach.a strong stomach: ability not to feel nausea不感到惡心You have to have a strong stomach to watch animals being slaughtered.turn ones stomach: to cause sb. to be disgusted or revolted使某人反胃或惡心The film about eye operations turned my stomach.regard as: to consider as 視為，認為是I regard your action as a crime.have effect on: to change produced by an action or cause; result or outcome 效應；結果；后果The film had quite an effect on her.idiomsbring / put sth. into effect: to cause sth. to come into use 使某物開始使用come into effect: (esp of laws, rules, etc) to reach the stage of being in use （尤指法律，規(guī)則等）實施，實行give effect to sth: to cause sth. to become active or produce a result 使某事物實行起來，使生效The new system will soon be put into effect.The new seat-belt regulations came into effect last week.The new ruling gives effect to recommendations of the special committee.2. How, they might ask, could eating a hamburger or drinking Coca Cola contribute anything to making you a saint or a sinner?hamburger: flat round cake of minced beef, usu fried and eaten with onions, often in a bread roll 漢堡包Coca Cola: popular non-alcoholic carbonated drink 可口可樂contribute to: 1) be one of the causes 有助于；促成，是的部分原因 2) join with others in giving or supplying (money, help, etc) 捐（款），捐助；（和別人在一起）出力協(xié)助 3) increase sth.; add to sth. 增加某事物，添加到某事物中去Plenty of fresh air contributes to good health.Although he has plenty of money he never contributes to anybodys leaving present at work.Her work has contributed enormously to our understanding of this difficult subject.saint: a person of a holy and admired way of life, esp one given the title of saint in the Roman Catholic Church after death 圣者；圣徒He is one of the living saints of Hinduism.sinner: a person who has done wrong 罪人We should help sinners.Para 2 Kenneth Lo, however, expresses a point of view that is profoundly different and typically Chinese, deriving from thousands of years of tradition. The London restaurateur Fu Tong, for example, quotes no less an authority than Confucius (the ancient sage known in Chinese as Kng-Fu-Tzu) with regard to the primal importance of food. Food, said the sage, is the first happiness. Fu Tong adds: Food to my countrymen is one of the ecstasies of life, to be thought about in advance; to be smothered with loving care throughout its preparation; and to have time lavished on it in the final pleasure of eating. 然而，肯尼士羅提出了一種截然不同的觀點。這種觀點具有典型的中國意味，可謂沿襲了中國數(shù)千年的傳統(tǒng)。以倫敦的餐館老板符同為例。關于飲食之重要性，他引用了象孔夫子那樣一位權威的說法。圣人云，民以食為天。符同補充到：對于我的同胞們而言，飲食是生活的一大樂事，事先要考慮策劃，準備過程中要傾注心血，然后要花足夠的時間體會，最后享用的快樂。 summary The writer explains Los typical Chinese position and gives us an addition.1. Kenneth Lo, however, expresses a point of view that is profoundly different and typically Chinese, deriving from thousands of years of tradition.a point of view: attitude; opinions 態(tài)度，看法，觀點This is unacceptable from my point of view on nuclear power.idiomsa point of order: (in formal discussions, e.g., debates) matter of correct procedure according to the rules （正式討論中，如答辯時）（符合規(guī)定的）程序問題a point of honor / conscience: thing of great importance to ones honor or conscience 關系到榮譽或良心的事On a point of order, Mr. Chairman, can associate members vote on this matter?I always pay my debts punctually; its a point of honor with me.derive from sth.: to trace sth. from ( a source) 源自；源于Thousands of English words derive from Latin.phrase derive sth. from sth.: to obtain sth. from sth. 得到；獲得；對某事物追本窮源She derived no benefit from the source of drugs.We can derive the word derelict from the Latin derelictus.2. The London restaurateur Fu Tong, for example, quotes no less an authority than Confucius (the ancient sage known in Chinese as Kung-Fu-Tzu) with regard to the primal importance of food. Food, said the sage, is the first happiness.paraphrase For instance, the London manager Fu Tong cites an important authority as Confucius (the ancient sage known in Chinese as Kung-Fu-Tzu) in relation to the supreme importance food.restaurateur: n. manager or owner of a restaurant 餐館的經(jīng)理或老板Fu Tong is a restaurateur.quote: 1) to mention in order to add power to ones own point of view 舉例（以增強自己的觀點）；2) to repeat in speech or writing the words of another (supposedly powerful) 引用；引述；引證；3) to give (a price) 開（價），報（價），喊（價）He quoted the case of the man whose wife went with him to Alaska.Dont quote me on that!The value of the pound was quoted regularly.no less an authority than Confucius: an authority as Confucius 如孔夫子那樣的權威idiomno less a person / a thing than: that very important person/thing 非常重要之人/事Confucius: 孔子（前551-前479），名丘，字仲尼，生于魯國陬邑昌平鄉(xiāng)（今山東曲埠東城東南），中國春秋末期偉大的思想家和教育家，儒家學派的創(chuàng)始人。中國第一位職業(yè)教師，名言有學而不思則罔，思而不學則殆、訥于言而敏于行、德不孤，必有鄰。no less than: as many as, as much as 不少于，多達We have no less than five acquaintances in this meeting.We won no less than $500 in a competition.idiom less and less, at a continually decreasing rate 越來越少地She found the job less and less attractive.with / in regard to sb. / sth.: in connection with sb. / sth. 關于某人/某物I have nothing to say with regard to your complaints.idiom as regards sb. / sth.: concerning or connected with sb. / sth. 關于或至于某人/某物I have little information as regards his past.primal: adj. first in importance 最重要的，首要的；belonging to, or as if belonging to, original 早期的，原始的As a producer, he must consider the primal necessity.Its primal glories will never return.sage: n. very wise man 圣人，智者He once consulted the sages of the tribe.3. Food to my countrymen is one of the ecstasies of life, to be thought in advance; to be smothered with loving care throughout its preparation; and to have time lavished on it in the final pleasure of eating.ecstasy: (feeling of state) great joy or happiness 狂喜He went back in an ecstasy of delight.in advance of sth.: beforehand; ahead in time 預先，事先，事前The rent must be paid in advance.to be smothered with loving care throughout its preparation: Great love and care are to be given to the preparation of food.smother sth. / sb. with / in sth.: to cover sth. / sb., give an excessive amount of sth.以覆蓋/籠罩The mother smothers his baby with love.to have time lavished on it in the final pleasure of eating: to spend plenty of time enjoying the food.lavish sth. on / upon sb. / sth.: give sth. to sb. / sth. abundantly and generously 慷慨而大量的將某物給.Nowadays many parents lavish care on their only child.Para 3 Lo observes that when Westerners go to a restaurant they ask for a good table, which means a good position from which to see and be seen. They are usually there to be entertained socially-and also, incidentally, to eat. When the Chinese go to a restaurant, however, they ask for a small room with plain walls where they cannot be seen except by the members of their own party, where jackets can come off and they can proceed with the serious business which brought them there. The Chinese intentions are both honourable and whole-hearted: to eat with a capital E. 羅注意到，西方人去餐館，往往會要求一張好的桌子，這所謂好的桌子實際上是一個有利地勢，既能眼觀別人又能引別人注目。他們?nèi)ツ莾和ǔＪ菫榱松缃簧系膴蕵?順便填飽肚子。而中恩去餐館則會要求一個素雅樸實的小房間。在那兒，除了共同進餐的同伴，不會有其他人注意到他們。他們可以脫去外套，放心享用美餐。中國人的意圖是既要體面又要盡興 要的就是吃個痛快。 summary This paragraphs tells us the difference between the West and the Chinese in terms of going to a restaurant.1. Lo observes that when Westerners go to a restaurant they ask for a good tableobserve: to see and notice act 觀察，看到； to be in accordance with law or custom 遵守（法律或習俗）They are observed entering the bank at 8.32.Does everyone observe the speed limits in your country?ask for sb. / sth.: to say that one wants to see or speak to sb. or to be given or directed sth. 要求見某人，要某事物，要指點Yesterday I asked for the manager in the office.phrase ask after sb.: to request information about sb. health 問候，問安He always asks after you in his letters.2. When the Chinese go to a restaurant, however, they ask for a small room with plain walls where they cannot be seen except by the members of their own party, where jackets can come off and they can proceed with the serious business which brought them there.plain walls: walls unadorned with paintings, pictures, etcjacket: n. a short coat with sleeves, often the top half of a suit 有袖短上衣，夾克He wore a brown jacket and grey trousers.cf. coat anorakcoat: n. an out garment with long sleeves, often fastened at the front with buttons, an usu worn for warmth or protection長袖外套，上衣anorak: n. a short coat which has a protective hood for the head and which keeps out wind and rain 帶風帽的外衣She was wearing a fur coat.Her grey anorak was bought last e off: to become detached or separated from sth 從某物上脫落或分離；to fall from sth.從某物上掉下A button has come off my coat.When I tried to learn how to ride on a bicycle, I came off ceed with the serious business: to go on with the serious business of eatingproceed: 1) to begin and continue (some course of action)開始，著手進行； 2)to continue (after stopping) （中斷后）繼續(xù)，接著做； 3) to advance;to move forward or move along a course行進，前進Now that tour plans are settled let us proceed.You neednt stop speaking when someone enters the courtroom; please proceed.After the ceremony at the railway station the minister and his guests proceeded to the palace.3. The Chinese intentions are both honourable and whole-hearted: to eat with a capital E.intention: (an act or result of ) intending, planning, hop