IELTS (3).doc

IELTSTest 1Listening1 Im ringing just to make enquiries about renting a house.2 what sort of price were you thinking of?3 And a garage pushes up the price.4 No,Im sorry we dont have any availabilities for Thursday.5 what about a deposit?thats one months rent,whatever the amount is.6 could you tell me how i can get hold of a doctor?7 anyway,they work in things called practices.8 when the doctor sees you,he gives you a prescription.he writes what medication you need on it and you take it to a chemists shop.theres one opposite the center.9 i also found it frustrating to have so few teaching resources,but i did decide to stay and in the end i extended my tour to a third year.10 and you wanted to see things through?11 todays health counsel is presented by Paula Clayburg,who is the chief counsellor at Liverpools famous pain clinic.12 They all suffer from chronic back pain.13 the most recent available figures show that about a quarter of a million people are incapacitated with back pain every day.14 but of course that starts up a vicious circle.15 now,lets look at some of the reasons why back pain is developing into such a unique menace.16 research shows that they often go into spasm,which causes further twisting of spine.17 so much for the causes and aggravations of pain.18 studies have shown that just one hour sitting in a slouched position can strain ligaments in the back which can take months to heal.19 if your bed doesnt give enough support,back muscles and ligaments work all night trying to correct spinal alignment,so you wake up with a tired aching back.Reading1 the concept of the rocket,or rather the mechanism behind the idea of propelling an object into the air,has been around for well over two thousand years.2 not only did it solve a problem that had intrigued man for ages,but more importantly,it literally opened the door to exploration of the universe.3 despite the fact that rockets had been used sporadically for several hundred years.they remained a relatively minor artefact of civilization until the twentieth century.4 prodigious efforts,accelerated during two world wars,were required before the technology of primitive rocketry could be translated into the reality of sophisticated astronauts.5 transport their heroes to mysterious realms beyond the earth.6 a simple analogy can help us to understand how a rocket operates.7 a machine gun mounted on the rear of a boat.8 the invention of rockets is linked inextricably with the invention of black powder.9 black powder was first compounded from its basic ingredients of saltpetre,charcoal and sulphur.10 the Chinese relied on this type of technological development to produce incendiary projectiles of many sorts,explosive grenades and possibly cannons to repel their enemies.11 prior to this,rockets were used only in pyrotechnic displays.12 the British rocket differed from the Indian version in that it was completely encased in stout,iron cylinder.13 since then,there have been huge developments in rocket technology,often with devastating results in the form of war.14 it has been calculated that 17 percent of cases of lung cancer can be attributed to high levels of exposure to second-hand tobacco smoke during childhood and adolescence.15 carbon monoxide,for example,competes with oxygen in red blood cells and interfered with the bloods ability to deliver life-giving oxygen to the heart.16 an intending researcher&a potential researcher 17 sensesensorsensory sensory data18 the myth is that from a disorderly array of factual information an orderly,relevant theory will somehow emerge.19 deductiondeductive & inductioninductive20 hypotheses provide the initiative and incentive for the inquiry and influence the world.21 hypotheses arise by guesswork,or by inspiration,but having been formulated they can and must be tested rigorously,using the appropriate methodology.22 holistic analysis& holistic therapyTest 2Listening 1You may feel that your grant is insufficient to see you through college life.2 these tests are compiled by experts.3 so i think you should be ready for todays tutorial on macthing the person to the job.4 I encouraged them to make a small-scale,three-dimensional hat first so that they could experiment with how to achieve the form they required.5 I imposed certain constraints on them to keep things simple.6 paper is more pliable and easier to handle.Reading1 Australias native dung beetles are scrub and woodland dwellers,specialising in coarse marsupial droppings and avoiding the soft cattle dung in which bush flies and buffalo flies breed.2 of the 26 species that are known to have become successfully integrated into the local environment.3 dung beetles work from the inside of the pat so they are sheltered from predators such as birds and foxes。4 most species burrow into the soil and bury dung in tunnels directly underneath the pats,which are hollowed out from within.5 some large species originating from France excavate tunnels to a depth of approximately 30 cm below the dung pat.6 once the beetle larvae have finished pupation,the residue is a first-rate source of fertilizer.7 without the beetles to dispose of the dung,cow pats would litter pastures making grass inedible to cattle and depriving the soil of sunlight.8 this amounts to 1.7 million tonnes a year,enough to smother about 111,000 sq km of pasture,half the area of victoria.9 inescapable& inextricable &inevitable the role of governments in environmental management is difficult but inescapable.10 subsidise & subsidy & they actually subsidise the exploitation and consumption of natural resources.11 scrap&scrub scrapping them offers a two-fold bonus.12 higher yields have been achieved by increased irrigation,better crop breeding,and a doubling in the use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers.13 aggravate&exacerbate more intensive farming and the abandonment of fallow periods tend to exacerbate soil erosion.14 lethal&fatal&deadly bugs and weeds become more resistant to poisons,so next years poisons must be more lethal.15 the role set should include all those with whom the individual has more than trivial interactions.16 privilege&perquisite these and other perquisites of status are often frowned upon,but they may serve a purpose as a kind of uniform in democratic society.17 ambiguous&ambiguity 18 the graduation ceremony in many universities is an important ritual.Test 3Listening1 lets try and get it sorted out today so we dont have it hanging over us. 2 which is going to be pretty difficult to book at Christmas so wed better think of 2 or 3 places just to be on the safe side.3 but its bound to be packed.4 lentil curry5 we cant issue your card unless you bring three.6 booking over the phone is not allowed,so you have to come here in person.7 if,in the course of the year,you have any suggestions as to how the service we provide might be improved or its appeal widened,I will be interested to hear from you.8 squash court&cricket&aerobics&martial arts9 confront&envisage&face up to its just a chance for you to say anything about the equipment,and problems you envisage.10 poultry&livestock&ostrich&crocodile&kangaroo11 however,setting up an ostrich farm isnt something to embark on lightly.Reading1 such objects can include both the extraordinary and the mundane,the beautiful and the banal.2 collaboratecollaboration&cooperatecooperation3 on occasion this might cover the necessities of life of African herdsman or an Arabian farmer,ritual objects,or even on occasion airport art.4 revocableirrevocable irrevocable change5 this attitude altered with the realisation that marginal communities can survive and adapt in spite of partial integration into a notoriously fickle world economy.6 their villages were little more than clusters of thatched huts.7 deplete&exhausted when local resources bacame depleted,the tribe moved on.8 last&endure although the lives of the siriono have changed in the intervening decades,the image of them as stone age relics has endured.9 abstract&epitomize&summarize indeed,in many respects the siriono epitomize the popular conception in amazonia.10 Archaeological traces of far more elaborate cultures have been dismissed as the ruins of invaders from outside the region,abandoned to decay in the compromising Tropical environment.11 indigenous&domestic evidence gathered in recent years from anthropology and archaeology indicated that the region has supported a series of indigenous cultures for eleven thousand years.12 investigators who argue otherwise have unwittingly projected the present onto the past.13 the evidence for a revised view of Amazonia will take many people by surprise.14 but as the university of florida ecologist peter feinsinger,has noted,an approach that leaves people out of the equation is no longer tenable.15 the realization comes none too soon.16 ironically,one major casualty of that extreme position has been the environment itself.17 the frequency of riots rises dramatically as the weather get warmer,hitting a peak around 27-30.18 these changes seem to be triggered by varying melatonin levels.19 bear outturn out to be true however,the belief that rain and murky weather make people more unhappy is borne out by a study in Belgium.Test4Listening1 Everyone always brings flowers and they dont last.i think its much better to take a pot plant.2 what do you think of something like baby shampoo or talcum powder. talcum powder&liquid talcum3 appliance&gadget&instrument&facility&equipment4 which ones are worth buying and which will die a death.5 on the down/up side,it really works out to be quite expensive and much more surprisingly,it unfortunately leaves a strange taste.6 this is a fake video camera which you fix to your wall to scare off burglars.7 in fact&to all intents and purposes8 I spent about 2 or 3 weeks reading and doing general research and then I dashed the writing off very quickly.9 thats about par for the course.Reading1 its feared that unless pollution reduction measures are able to keep pace with the continued pressures of urban growth,air quality in many of the worlds major cities will deteriorate beyond reason.2 they offer a flat $700 for any old run-down vehicle driven in by its owner.the aim is to remove the heaviest-polluting,most decrepit vehicles from the roads.3 it gauges the pollution from a passing vehicle-more useful than the annual stationary test that is the British standard today by bouncing a beam through the exhaust and measuring what gets blocked.4 number plate the councils next step may be link the system to a computerised video camera able to read number plates automatically.5 increasing it would be an effective way of reducing emissions as well as easing congestion.6 such road-pricing,however,can be controversial.7 the scope of the problem facing the worlds cities is immense.8 the old and ill,however are the most vulnerable to the acute effects of heavily polluted stagnant air.9 the wspu began an educated campaign to put womens suffrage on the political agenda.New zealand,Australia and parts of the United States had already enfranchised women,and growing numbers of their British counterparts wanted the same opportunity.10 the wspu soon brought the movement the cohesion and focus it had previously lacked.11 membership grew rapidly as woman deserted the many other less directed groups and joined it.12 but the paper and merchandising activities alone did not provide sufficient funds for the wspu to meet organisational costs,so numerous other fundraising activities combined to fill the coffers of the war-chest.13 each division was organised in exactly the same way,used the same technology,did exactly the same kind of work,and had employees of comparable aptitudes.14 the work entailed the processing of accounts and generating of invoices.Listening1 what sort of places?well,obviously it varies.2 we go for ones where we know there are guided tours,because this gives a good focus for the visit.3 to start your visit Im just going to give you a brief account of the history of the museum before letting you roam about on your own.4 the water and the availability of raw material in the area,like minerals and iron ore,and also the abundance of local fuels,like coal and firewood,all made this site suitable for industry from a very early time.5 Im having a bit of trouble with the second assignment,and its due in 12 days.6 at that time,local craftsmen first built an iron forge just behind the village here,on the bend in the river.7 bar number 4 refers to problems when owner of the property wont help fix things that go wrong.in other words,the owner is not helpful and so the tenants move out.8 it evaporates water through its leaves and that means that the temperature of leaves is never very far from our own body temperature.9 trees filter the wind and considerably reduce it,preventing those very large strong gusts that you so often find around tall buildings.10 by planting a belt of trees at the side of the road,you can make things a little quieter.Reading1 adults and children are frequently confronted with statements about the alarming rate of loss of tropical rainforest.2 these misconceptions do not remain isolated but become incorporated into a multifaceted,but organised,conceptual framework, making it and the component ideas,some of which are erroneous,more robust but also accessible to modification.3 the most frequent responses to the first question were descriptions which are self-evident from the term rainforest.4 the dominant idea,raised by 64% of the pupils,was that rainforests provide animals with habitats.5 these observations are generally consistent with our previous studies of pupils views about the use and conservation of rainforest,in which girls were shown to be more sympathetic to animals and expressed views which seem to place an intrinsic value on non-human animal life.6 about 18% of the pupils refered specifically to logging activity.7 in some cases this response also embraced the misconception that rainforest destruction would reduce atmospheric oxygen,making the atmosphere incompatible with human life on earth.8 environmental education offers an area in which these skills can be developed ,which is essential for thses children as future decision-makers.9 some of the senses that we and other terrestrial mammals take for granted are either reduced or absent in cetaceans or fail to function well in water.10 similarly,although at least some cetaceans have taste buds,the nerves serving these have degenerated or are rudimentary.11 trainers of captive dolphins and small whales often remark on their animals responsiveness to being touched or rubbed,and both captive and freeranging cetacean individuals of all species appear to make frequent contact.12 this contact may help to maintain order within a group,and stroking or touching are part of the courtship ritual in most species.13 the area around the blowhole is also particularly sensitive and captive animals often object strongly to being touched there.14 although preliminary experimental evidence suggests that their in-air vision is poor,the accuracy with which dolphins leap high to take small fish out of a trainers hand provides anecdotal evidence to the contrary.15 vision is obviouly more useful to species inhabiting clear open waters than to those living in turbid rivers and flooded plains.16 although the senses of taste and smell appear to have deteriorated,and vision in water appears to be uncertain,such weaknesses are more than compensated for by cetaceans well-developed acoustic sense.17 most species are highly vocal,although they vary in the range of sounds they produce,and many forage for food using echolocation.18 this fact was drawn to my attention dramatically when a blind woman in one of my investigations decided on her own initiative to draw a wheel as it was spinning.19 I was taken aback&shocked20 when asked about these curves,they all described them as metaphorical ways of suggesting motion.21 so I decided to test whether various lines of motion were apt ways of slowly movement or if they were merely idiosyncratic marks.22 whats more,the consensus among the sighted was barely higher than that among the blind.23 all our subjects deemed the circle soft and the square hard.a full 94% ascribed happy to circle,instead of sad.24 when we tested 4 totally blind volunteers using the same list,we found that their choices closely resembled those made by the sighted subjects.Test 2Listening1 Id love a really chilled mineral water or something.2 the view is supposed to be spectacular.3 we can also chase up your tutor if youve not getting proper feedback on how you are getting on in your subject.4 the mounting pressure as the deadline for that first assignment creeps up on you.5 our resident chaplain can offer you spiritual guidance if thats what you want.6 I had to resit anthropology,so I can certainly offer you a sympathetic ear.7 if you fail a subject or drop out of a course because its too difficult then your self-esteem can suffer.8 no,Im sure it talked about drawback as well,didnt it?something about the response rate and the problems you get if its too low.9 it will be so much less time-consuming than organising interviews,I reckon.10 so crimes like theft by employees-things like embezzlement or fraud against ones actual employer are excluded according to this definition.11 and it also tends to be ignored in academic circle.12 they can undermine the faith o