遼寧省2018_2019學年高一英語模擬選課第二次聯(lián)考試題（含解析）.docx

遼寧省2018-2019學年高一英語模擬選課第二次聯(lián)考試題（含解析）考試時間：100 分鐘 試題滿分：120 分注意事項：本試卷由第I卷和第II卷組成。第 I 卷為選擇題部分，一律答在答題卡上；第 II 卷為非選擇題部分，按要求答在答題卡相應位置上。第I卷選擇題第一部分 閱讀理解 （共兩節(jié)，滿分 35 分）第一節(jié)（共 10 小題；每小題 2.5 分，滿分 25 分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的 A、B、C 和 D 四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。ABritains Beautiful National Parks Offer Lots to SeeMany visitors to the UK go straight to London and never explore outside the capital , which is a pity, for there is a huge variety of landscape only a few hours away, in any one of Britains largest areas of protected countryside, its national parks.The CairngormsThe biggest is the Cairngorms in northern Scotland, with some of the countrys highest mountains and the best place for skiing. Climbing and fishing are also popular, along with Scotlands national game, golf. Wildlife enthusiasts are well rewarded this is the home ofthe red deer, red squirrel and golden eagle.The Lake DistrictOver the border in England is the Lake District, originally made famous by local Romantic poet William Wordsworth two hundred years ago. Crowds of people have been travelling here since 1847 when a railway was built to its biggest lake, Windermere. Childrens writers have found inspiration here too, and the mountains make for excellent walking, with breathtaking views.SnowdoniaWales also has its fair share of very impressive landscape Snowdonia was one of thefirst national parks to be created in 1951. You will find the road signs in two languages and hear Welsh spoken in the local shops. If mountain climbing is not your thing, try visiting a castle built by a 13th-century prince, or check out the nearby beaches.The Jurassic CoastCovering 95 miles of the coastline from East Devon to Dorset, the Jurassic Coast is just as amazing, with rocks recording 185 million years of the earths history. The first underwater dinosaur（恐龍） remains were found in the high rocks here in the early 19th century.The Giants CausewayFor the strangest coastal scenery of all, cross the Irish Sea to the Giants Causeway. Created 50-60 million years ago, the Giants Causeway has been a source of respect, fear and wonder through the ages. So its not surprising that all kinds of imaginative stories come from it.1. If a person is fond of wild animals, which one is the best choice for him?A. The CairngormsB. The Lake DistrictC. SnowdoniaD. The Giants Causeway2. What can you learn from the passage?A. The Lake District is a good place to create works for painting.B. Snowdonia is the first national park to be created in Britain.C. The first dinosaur remains were found on the Jurassic Coast.D. You can get to the Giants Causeway by crossing the Irish Sea.3. Where is the article most likely to be taken from?A. A mapB. A newspaperC. A science bookD. A textbook【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B【解析】【分析】本文為應用文。英國美麗的國家公園提供很多觀賞的地方。本文提供了英國的國家公園中浪漫的英式田園風光的幾個景點。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)The Cairngorms部分中的“The biggest is the Cairngorms in northern Scotland, Wildlife enthusiasts are well rewarded this is the home of the red deer, red squirrel and golden eagle. ”可知，The Cairngorms有紅鹿、紅松鼠和金鷹。所以這兒是野生動物愛好者最好的選擇。故選A ?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)The Lake District中的“Over the border in England is the Lake District, originally made famous by local Romantic poet William Wordsworth two hundred years ago. Childrens writers have found inspiration here too, ”可知此處是創(chuàng)作詩的好地方，可知A錯誤。Snowdonia部分中的“Snowdonia was one of the first national parks to be created in 1951”可知是“ one of thefirst national parks”其中之一，故B是錯誤的。根據(jù)The Jurassic Coast 中的“The first underwater dinosaur（恐龍） remains were found in the high rocks here in the early 19th century.”可知，第一只水下恐龍遺骸于19世紀初在這里的高巖石中被發(fā)現(xiàn)。而不是“the first underwater dinosaur”，故C是錯誤。在The Giants Causeway中的“For the strangest coastal scenery of all, cross the Irish Sea to the Giants Causeway.”可知，穿越愛爾蘭海到巨人的堤道，欣賞最奇特的海岸風光，可知D是正確的。故正確答案為D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。本文主要介紹了在英國的國家公園中浪漫的英式田園風光的幾個景點。屬于廣告版面上，因此可能出現(xiàn)在報紙上。故選B?！军c睛】推理判斷試題屬于高層次閱讀理解題。這種題型包括判斷題和推理題。這兩類題常常相互依存，推理是為了得出正確的判斷，正確的判斷又依賴于合乎邏輯的推理。第3小題屬于推理判斷題，本文主要介紹了在英國的國家公園感受到的浪漫的英式田園風光的幾個景點。屬于娛樂版面上，因此可能出現(xiàn)在報紙上。故選B。推理題要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎上，作出一定判斷和推論，從而得到文章的隱含意義和深層意義。但做題的指導思想都是以文字信息為依據(jù)，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根據(jù)的推理，也不能根據(jù)表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是說，要做到判斷有據(jù), 推論有理, 忠實原文。切忌用自己的觀點代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面結(jié)論。BIn Rio , one of the points of attraction is doubtlessly the most famous beach in the world, the Copacabana. When the weather is right the Copa becomes a stage on which everyone can play a part. Rios beaches, however, are bad news for swimmers. The surf is so striking. Often careless or over-courageous tourists must be pulled out of the water by a rescue(救援) team. In peak season during January and February, the helicopters of the governmental rescue organization, fly life-saving tasks from sunrise to sunset. Doctors also need to be on board when the control room reports an emergency(突發(fā)事件). The doctors and rescuers will do their best with the equipment available on board. If the patient shows no signs of recovery, the rescue team decides to fly him to hospital.In Rio, lifesaving is a mans job. The four-meter-high watchtowers are always manned. Alarm at tower number 5, a woman has swum too far out to sea and cant make it back to the beach by herself. One minute later the rescue team has reached the Copacabana. From a height of ten meters above the water, Luis Carlos jumps into the sea close to the helpless swimmer. His workmates on board must keep an eye on him so that they can tell the pilot in which position to keep the helicopter. Another man is in the water now to help calm the woman down and get her ready to be airlifted. The pilot must slowly control the helicopter sideways and aim carefully. Once the net is full, the helicopter slowly flies to the beach.The air rescue team is back on duty again. In the course of the day, there are eight more emergencies. The daily record at the end of the day reads, “nothing unusual happens.”4. Which kind of person is more likely to have an accident in Copacabana?A. a man who cant swimB. a man who has nothing to worry aboutC. a man who fears the seaD. a man who was a doctor5. When the rescuer jumps into the sea to help the swimmer in danger, the helicopter will _A. fly to them as close as possibleB. fly over them and wait for ordersC. fly slowly to the beachD. fly to the hospital6. What can we infer from the text?A. The Copacabana is a bad place for swimmers.B. After the rescuers pick up the patient, they will send them to hospital.C. If there is no accident, the rescue team will record “nothing unusual happens ”.D. The helicopters of the rescue organization will fly tasks day and night.【答案】4. B 5. B 6. C【解析】【分析】本文為說明文。在里約熱內(nèi)盧，科帕卡巴納海灘無疑是世界上最著名的一個景點。當天氣好的時候，這兒就變成了人們享受的地方，但里約的海灘對游泳者來說也有壞消息，因為海浪太大了，通常粗心大意或過于勇敢的游客可會出現(xiàn)一些溺水事故，因此救護成為這兒男人的主要工作?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“however, are bad news for swimmers. The surf is so striking. Often careless or over-courageous tourists must be pulled out of the water by a rescue(救援) team.” 海浪太大了。通常粗心大意或過于勇敢的游客必須由救援隊從水中救出。由此可知，那些膽大非常大的人會出現(xiàn)危險事故。選項B（a man who has nothing to worry about）意為“什么也不怕的人”即是文章中的“over-courageous”，的轉(zhuǎn)述?！皁ver-courageous”即是“膽子非常大的，什么都不怕的人”，也故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“From a height of ten meters above the water, Luis Carlos jumps into the sea close to the helpless swimmer. The pilot must slowly control the helicopter sideways and aim carefully. Once the net is full, the helicopter slowly flies to the beach.”可知，當救援人員跳入海里幫助處于危險中的游泳者時，直升機飛在他們上空等候命令，進行救援。分析選項可知B項符合題意，故選B。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“The daily record at the end of the day reads, “nothing unusual happens.”可知，如果沒有事故發(fā)生，救援隊將記錄“沒有異常情況發(fā)生”。分析選項可知C正確?！军c睛】文章主題和中心思想的闡述往往需要大量細節(jié)信息的支持，這些細節(jié)對于理解全文內(nèi)容至關(guān)重要，同時也是歸納和概括文章中心思想的基礎。細節(jié)理解是指原文提到了某事，某種現(xiàn)象或理論，題干一般針對原文具體敘述的事情本身提問。一般包括直接理解題，在原文中直接找到答案，常用why/what/when/who/how等提問。語言轉(zhuǎn)述型。這是一類間接事實細節(jié)題，答案與題目在意義上運用了詞義之間的轉(zhuǎn)述關(guān)系，即正確選項是原文有關(guān)詞語和句子的另一種表達。語意轉(zhuǎn)化題，需要將題目信息與原文相關(guān)信息進行語意上的轉(zhuǎn)換，兩者存在著表達上的差異，有時需要進行加工整理后方能得出結(jié)論）。抓住文章中的事實和細節(jié)是做好該類題的關(guān)鍵，也是做好其他類題的基礎。如第1小題就是屬于語言轉(zhuǎn)述題，對原文句子中的關(guān)鍵詞進行替換。把原文中的一些詞換成意義相近的詞，成為正確選項。根據(jù)“however, are bad news for swimmers. The surf is so striking. Often careless or over-courageous tourists must be pulled out of the water by a rescue(救援) team.” 海浪太大了。通常粗心大意或過于勇敢的游客必須由救援隊從水中救出。由此可知，那些膽大非常大的人會出現(xiàn)危險事故。選項B（a man who has nothing to worry about）意為“什么也不怕的人”即是文章中的“over-courageous”，的轉(zhuǎn)述。“over-courageous”即是“膽子非常大的，什么都不怕的人”，也故選B。CWhen people go to the hospital to have a medical examination, sometimes doctors will ask them to have an X-ray or CT. What about a PET? PET stands for Positron Emission.Tomography（正電子成像素）. PET scanner（s 掃描儀）create 3-D images of what is happening in the body. Scientists are devloping this medical equipment that could tell them more about the human body, and help them develop more-effective treatments for cancer, heart disease and brain disorders. It would be the worlds first full-body PET scanner.Researchers are calling the large scanner that they are developing Explorer. It will give medical workers images of what is happening in the whole human body that have never been seen before. PET scanners now give doctors images of only parts of the body.The U.S National Institutes of Health gave a research team at the University of California at Davis $ 15.5 million to build the scanner.Ramsey Badawi, a professor at UC Davis, says the scanner will give researchers new information about how human organs （器官）work together.“Were a system of organs and all the organs interact with each other. And weve never really been able to get that with imaging before, and now were going to be able to look at that. These images help us find out and follow diseases. The new scanner will help us do that even better.”Simon Cherry, another professor at UC Davis, says the PET scans can show the progress of both disease and medical treatments. “With PET scans were looking at function. Were actually able to say something about what the cells in the body are doing. He says the Explorer uses a much lower amount of radiation（輻射）than todays PET tests, and creates images more quickly. “So we can do scans in maybe 30 seconds that now take 20 minutes. Or we do scans under a very small radiation.”A complete view could help researchers develop new medicines that target diseases and parts of the body. It could help doctors reduce harmful side effects by following the movement of medicines through the body.The researchers hope to test the Explorer with humans in three years.7. What is the most obvious advantage of Explorer about the image it produces?A. It will give doctors images of human organs.B. It can offer doctors images of the whole human body.C. It will give doctors images of only parts of the body.D. It will give doctors images of better quality.8. What does the word “It” mean in the last but one paragraph?A. The bodyB. A new medicineC. A complete viewD. A disease9. Whats the authors attitude toward Explorer?A. DoubtfulB. PositiveC. SupportiveD. Objective10. Whats the main idea of the passage?A. PET scanners create 3-D images.B. Doctors will develop more effective treatments for cancer.C. The worlds first PET scanner will be put into use.D. A full-body PET scanner is being developed.【答案】7. B 8. C 9. D 10. D【解析】本文為說明文。主要說明去醫(yī)院進行體檢時進行X光或CT檢查時，可能會用的各種掃描儀進行了說明?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。第三段“It will give medical workers images of what is happening in the whole human body that have never been seen before.”可知，這種掃描儀將給醫(yī)務人員提供從未見過的整個人體的圖像。分析選項可知B項符合題意，故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“A complete view could help researchers develop new medicines that target diseases and parts of the body. It could help doctors reduce harmful side effects by following the movement of medicines through the body.”可知，此處是指“完整的觀點可以幫助研究人員開發(fā)針對疾病和身體部位的新藥。它可以幫助醫(yī)生通過跟蹤藥物在體內(nèi)的運動來減少有害的副作用” 。由此可推斷出句中的“it”是指上一句中的“A complete view”，分析選項可知C正確?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“It will give medical workers images of what is happening in the whole human body that have never been seen before. PET scanners now give doctors images of only parts of the body.”。倒數(shù)第三段中的“He says the Explorer uses a much lower amount of radiation（輻射）than todays PET tests, and creates images more quickly. “So we can do scans in maybe 30 seconds that now take 20 minutes. Or we do scans under a very small radiation.”最后一段“The researchers hope to test the Explorer with humans in three years.”可知，本文的作者只是列舉了一些人對Explorer的觀點看法，因此是客觀的。故選D?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。本文第一段提出了如果到了醫(yī)院 體檢時，如果要你做PET會怎么樣呢？接著在第二段中對PET進行了說明。尤其是第一段中的“Tomography（正電子成像素）. PET scanner（s 掃描儀）create 3-D images of what is happening in the body. Scientists are devloping this medical equipment t It would be the worlds first full-body PET scanner.”科學家們正在研制這種醫(yī)療設備，這將是世界上第一臺全身寵物掃描儀。下面幾段進行了詳細的說明。因此可推斷出.正在開發(fā)一種全身PET掃描儀。故選D。第二節(jié)（共 5 小題；每小題 2 分，滿分 10 分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。How to Build the Skill of Understanding PeopleIts not always easy to predict or understand how someone else feels. Some people are better at it than others, but just about everyone can improve with practice._11_.It starts with watching.Try these ways to develop your observation skills._12_ Next time youre at the cafe, or on the bus, try this: Look around and try to identify how people might be feeling based on their body language, facial expressions, and what theyre doing. The girl with the textbooks on her knee might have an exam coming up.Does she seem confident or stressed?Read books or watch movies that have realistic descriptions of human emotions. _13_ Try to understand why the characters feel the way they do. Based on those emotions, predict what a character will do next. Or see if you can explain why a charater did what he or she did.It improves with listening.Most of us rate ourselves as good listeners after all, listening seems like such a simple, basic thing to do. But often were so busy thinking of what we want to say that we dont listen as much as wed like.Practice listening well in everyday conversations._14_ Train yourself to think of listening as more important than talking.Tune in to feelings as well as story. When a friend tells you about something, try to imagine how he or she might have felt. Make statements that show youre trying to understand your friends experience, like: “Oh, that must have felt amazing!” or “That must be upsetting for you.”_15_A. Observe what people around you like.B. Observe the behavior of people around you.C. Here are some tips for you to share the skill.D. Pay attention to how different characters feel and act.E. Really pay attention to what the other person is saying.F. Understanding others is all about watching and listening.G. You might find you can predict what your friend will say next.【答案】11. F 12. B 13. D 14. E 15. G【解析】【分析】本文為說明文。主要說明如何通過練習來培養(yǎng)理解人的能力，即從觀察開始，隨著傾聽而改善?！?1題詳解】考查對上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。根據(jù)本小題的上文可知，預測或理解別人的感受并不總是容易的。有些人在這方面比其他人強，但幾乎每個人都可以通過練習來提高。文章對于練習“理解他人”的兩點建議“It starts with watching.”和“It improves with listening.”可知，人們可通過“看和聽”來培養(yǎng)理解他人。分析選項可知F項（理解他人就是觀察和傾聽）符合題意，故選F。【12題詳解】考查對上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。根據(jù)上一句“Try these ways to develop your observation skills” 嘗試這些方法來培養(yǎng)你的觀察技能。以及下文的內(nèi)容可知，本段主要闡明要觀察周圍人的行為。分析選項可知B項（觀察你周圍人的行為）符合題意，故選B?！?3題詳解】考查對上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。根據(jù)本小題的下文“試著理解他人為什么會有這種感覺。根據(jù)這些情緒，預測一個人物接下來會做什么?；蛘呖纯茨闶欠衲芙忉尀槭裁匆粋€人物做了他或她所做的事?！笨芍硕问侵浮耙⒁獠煌宋锏母惺芎托袨椤?。分析選項可知D項符合題意，故選D?！?4題詳解】考查對上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。本小題所在的小標題為“It improves with listening.”以及上文“Practice listening well in everyday conversations Train yourself to think of listening as more important than talking.”可知，傾聽他人的話非常重要。分析選項可知E項（真的要注意對方說的話）符合題意，故選E。【15題詳解】考查對上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。根據(jù)“When a friend tells you about something try to imagine how he or she might have felt.”可知，如果你認真傾聽，試著想象他或她可能有的感受，可能會知道他下一步會說什么。分析選項可知G項（你可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)你可以預測你的朋友接下來會說什么）符合題意，故選G?！军c睛】七選五題型考察學生把握整篇文章的布局和邏輯層次關(guān)系和把握微觀信息間關(guān)聯(lián)性這種題一般可從以下方面來做： （1）看首段，跳過空格快速通讀全篇，確定文章體裁，抓住文章結(jié)構(gòu)，分析篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，了解文章大意。首段的末句一般是全文的主題所在，首段的末句對于快速掌握文章的主題具有重要意義。（2）精讀空格前后兩句，利用各種銜接手段選擇正確的選項填入空格。七選五空出的是整個句子，可以通過選項中某個名詞或動詞跟空前或空后的一致性或者相關(guān)性來確定這兩個句子之間有一種關(guān)聯(lián)性，從而選擇正確的答案。如第2小題，。根據(jù)上一句“Try these ways to develop your observation skills” 嘗試這些方法來培養(yǎng)你的觀察技能。以及下文的內(nèi)容可知，本段主要闡明要觀察周圍人的行為。分析選項可知B項（觀察你周圍人的行為）符合題意，故選B。（3）看選項，找出與空前空后句中心詞同義，近義或相關(guān)性的詞語。實現(xiàn)關(guān)鍵詞的對接，先易后難，各個突破。通過閱讀選項，有可能根據(jù)選項中的關(guān)鍵詞找出正確選項。第1小題，根據(jù)本小題的上文可知，預測或理解別人的感受并不總是容易的。有些人在這方面比其他人強，但幾乎每個人都可以通過練習來提高。文章對于練習“理解他人”的兩點建議“It starts with watching.”和“It improves with listening.”可知，人們可通過“看和聽”來培養(yǎng)理解他人。分析選項可知F項（理解他人就是觀察和傾聽）符合題意，故選F。（4） 解題的關(guān)鍵是能嫻熟地利用各種銜接手段。尤其要注意代詞，連詞等。如表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的but，though, however 等。最后，用代入法，檢查答案是否合理，將所有選擇答案放回空白處，通讀全文，檢查文章內(nèi)容是否語義連貫合理、緊扣主題，語篇結(jié)構(gòu)是否通順連貫、具有一致性、合乎邏輯，寫作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用語是否恰當貼切，從而判斷選擇的答案是否正確第二部分 語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分 45 分）第一節(jié) 完形填空（共 20 小題；每小題 1.5 分，滿分 30 分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C 和 D）中，選出可以填人空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Within five minutes of meeting Olivia Ports, I knew she was a special teenager.I knew before she_16_ her guitar and performed a song. I knew before I found out how a(n)_17_ she was born with changed her childhood. And I knew before her mother told me Olivia performed recently in front of 1,200 people.In addition to her_18_musical talents, Olivia is just so friendly, funny and _19_to those who made her first show such a success. “She doesnt want the story to be about her,” said Olivias mother. But like all children_20_ chronic （慢性的） diseases, the “journey she has been on has made her stronger.” Olivia admits shes not like many kids of her age. _21_herself as a “l(fā)ittle bit crazy”, she acts older than she is. She was born with a compromised immune system （缺乏抵抗力的免疫系統(tǒng)）. When she realized she would have to_22_her beloved gymnastics, she took up her moms old high school guitar and _23_herself to play. “I had to have something to do with so much_24_time,” she said. It was during a hospital visit that she met Classic