2017_2018高中英語Unit2ProtectingOurHomePeriodThreeGrammar.docx

Period ThreeGrammar & Writing語法精析現(xiàn)在完成進行時是一種兼有現(xiàn)在完成時和現(xiàn)在進行時基本特點的時態(tài)。其結(jié)構(gòu)為“助動詞have/hasbeen動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞”。一、用法1.表示從過去某時開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作，可能剛剛停止，也可能還在繼續(xù)進行。常見的時間狀語有“for時間段，since時間點，thesedays/years，this week/month/year/morning.，recently，lately，inthepast/last.時間段”等。Theyhavebeenlivingherefortwentyyears.他們住在這里20年了。ChinahasbeendevelopingtherelationshipwithAfricainthepast50years.在過去的50年里，中國一直在發(fā)展同非洲的關(guān)系。2.表示動作剛剛結(jié)束。Ihavebeenwaitingforyouforabouthalfanhour.我等你大約半小時了。3.表示從過去到現(xiàn)在為止的一段時間內(nèi)一再反復(fù)進行的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，重復(fù)的動作表示感情色彩。Wehavebeenseeingeachotherquitealotrecently.最近我們經(jīng)常見面。4.現(xiàn)在完成進行時表示“剛才”或“近來”發(fā)生的動作，也可表示直到說話時為止的一段時間內(nèi)發(fā)生的動作。這一動作到說話時已結(jié)束，而且一般不再繼續(xù)下去；這種用法主要表示某一動作所產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在的影響。Youhavebeencleaningthehouse，Ithink.我想你剛才一直在打掃房子吧。即時跟蹤1用所給詞的正確形式填空1.Georgehasntbeenfeeling(not，feel) verywellrecently.2.ImtiredbecauseIhavebeenpainting(paint) thelivingroomallday.3.Theforeignteachershavebeenworking(work) inourcollegeforeightyearsandtheydonthavetheintentiontoleave.4.JaneGoodallhasbeenstudying(study) chimpssince1960.5.Sheisverytiredbecauseshehasbeentyping(type) lettersallday.二、現(xiàn)在完成進行時和現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成進行時和現(xiàn)在完成時都可以表示某個動作從過去開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。1.現(xiàn)在完成進行時表示動作從過去某一時刻開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，可能剛剛結(jié)束，也可能繼續(xù)下去；還可表示動作的反復(fù)或帶有感情色彩?，F(xiàn)在完成時表示動作已經(jīng)完成，強調(diào)動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果。Ihavebeenwritingareport，butIhaventfinishedit.我一直在寫一篇報告，但還沒有寫完。2.某些不能用于進行時態(tài)的感官動詞和表思維活動或狀態(tài)的動詞同樣也不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進行時。如動詞be，see，hear，love，know，have，like，hate等。另外，不具有延續(xù)意義的動詞(終止性動詞)也不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進行時，但可用于現(xiàn)在完成時。如finish，come，go，leave，arrive，marry，die等。3.現(xiàn)在完成進行時不用于被動語態(tài)，必要時，可用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)來代替。Theissuehasbeenstudiedforthreedays.這個問題已研究三天了。即時跟蹤2.用所給動詞的正確形式填空1.Wehavebeenmarried(marry) foralmost30years.2.Whathadyoubeendoing(do) beforeyouleftthecompany?.單句改錯(每小題僅有1處錯誤)1.Theyhavemarriedfor15years.married前加been2.Thehousehasbeenpaintingforamonth.paintingpainted高考鏈接用所給動詞的正確形式填空1.Excuseme，whichmovieareyouwaitingfor? ThenewStarWars.Wehavebeenwaiting(wait) hereformorethantwohours.(2016北京) 2.Dashan，whohasbeenlearning(learn) crosstalk，theChinesecomedictradition，fordecades，wantstomixitupwiththeWesternstand-uptradition.(2016江蘇)3.Inthelastfewyears，Chinahasmade(make) greatachievementsinenvironmentalprotection.(2015北京)4.Despitethepreviousroundsoftalks, noagreementhasbeenreached(reach) sofarbythetwosides.(2015天津)5.Inmyhometown, thereisalwaysaharvestsupperforthefarmersafterallthewheathasbeen(be) cut.(2015重慶)6.WhereisPeter? Icantfindhimanywhere.Hewenttothelibraryafterbreakfastandhasbeenwriting(write) hisessaythereeversince.(2015福建)7.Martyhasbeenworking(work) reallyhardonhisbookandhethinkshellhavefinisheditbyFriday.(2015陜西)8.Tony，whyareyoureyesred?Ihavebeencutting(cut) uppeppersforthelastfiveminutes.(2014江西)9.Sincethetimehumankindstartedgardening，wehavebeentrying(try) tomakeourenvironmentmorebeautiful.(2014湖南)10.HowmuchdoyouknowabouttheYouthOlympicGamestobeheldinNanjing?Well，themediahavecovered(cover) itinavarietyofforms.(2014江蘇)常用句式1.Thankyouforspendingtimeansweringthisquestionnaire.2.Wewouldliketolearnfromyouaboutyouropinionon.3.Wewillfindhowwecan.throughtheanswers.4.Weappreciateforyourhelp.5.Yourgenderis.6.Yourageis.7.Areyousatisfiedwith.?8.Ifyouarenotsatisfied，whatdoyouthinkaretheproblems?9.Thankyoufor.10.Wearetryingourbestto.典題示例請根據(jù)以下要點，寫一份有關(guān)環(huán)保意識的調(diào)查問卷。內(nèi)容要求：1.主題：環(huán)境保護；2.問題簡單、明確，不可模棱兩可；3.問題：810條。聯(lián)想詞匯1.環(huán)境保護environmentalprotection2.性別gender3.對感興趣beinterestedin4.和無關(guān)havenothingtodowith5.注意payattentionto范文展示AwarenessofEnvironmentalProtectionQuestionnaireAge：()1315()1618Gender：()Male()FemaleYoulivein：(County)(City)(Province)(1)Areyouveryinterestedintheenvironmentalprotection?A.Yes.B.No.C.Alittle.D.Dontknow.(2)Doyouoftentalkabouttheconditionofenvironmentalprotectionwithyourfamily?A.Often.B.Sometimes.C.Seldom.D.Never.(3)Whatdoyouthinkoftheenvironmentalprotection?A.Farfromme.B.Havenothingtodowithme.C.Havealittletodowithme.D.Havemuchtodowithme.(4)WhatisthedateoftheWorldEnvironmentDay?A.July1.B.Apr.18.C.June5.D.Oct.18.(5)Whatdoyouthinkofyourknowledgeonenvironmentalprotection?A.Much.B.Little.C.Alittle.D.Dontknow.(6)Doyoupayattentiontosavingwaterandenergyinlife?A.Verymuch.B.Little.C.Alittle.D.Dontcare.(7)Atpresent，themostseriouspollutionis.A.waterpollutionB.wastepollutionC.airpollutionD.noisepollution(8)Themosteffectivewayofenvironmentalprotectionis.A.toparticipateinthepublicactivitiesB.toreadbooksaboutenvironmentalprotectionC.totrytolearninclassD.tomakemorepublicity(9)Whatdoyouthinkarethebenefitsofenvironmentalprotection?(10)Pleasegivesomeadviceon“Promoteawarenessofenvironmentalprotection”.Thankyoufortakingthetimetofillinthisquestionnaire！Weretryingourbesttoprotectourhome，ourearth!.用所給詞的正確形式填空1.Iknowhim.Ihavemet(meet) himseveraltimes.2.Sincelastmonth，Ihavenotbeensleeping(not，sleep) well.3.Thepriceofhousinghasbeengoing(go) down，butIdoubtwhetheritwillremainso.4.WhenIhavestudied(study) thereportIllwritesomething.5.Iwonderwhyshehasntwritten(not，write) tomerecently.6.Hewilldowellinthecomingexambecausehehasbeenpreparing(prepare) foritthesedays.7.Someonehasbeenphoning(phone) youalltheafternoon.8.Wehavebeenworking(work) intherainfor20minutes.9.ThisisthefirsttimethatIhavespoken(speak) inpublic.10.Thenumberoftallbuildingshasincreased(increase) inourtowninthelastfewyears.完成句子11.Mr.Wanghasbeenwriting(寫) thebookforweeks，butIwonderwhetherhehasfinishedit.12.Wehavebeendiscussing(討論) thequestionallthemorningbutwehaventreachedaconclusion.13.Hehasbeenteaching(教學(xué)) foralmost20years，andhisclassesareneverdull.14.Wehaventseenyouforalongtime.Whathaveyoubeendoing(你一直在做) recently?15.Thebabyhasbeencrying(在哭泣) sincethismorning，whichhasmadehismotherupset.閱讀理解A(2017安徽馬鞍山二中高二上月考)TearsrandownfrommyeyesasIsawtheessaymyhighschoolEnglishteacherhadjusthandedback.Abig“F”waswrittenontop.Iwashopeless.Iwasstupid！Myfaceburnedwithshamewhenmyclassmatescalledmestupid.“ImtheonlyonewhodoesntknowmyABCs！”Isobbedtomum.“Illhelp，”shepromised.EverydayIsatwithher，buttome，catlookedlike“cta”and“red”wasreb.Frustrated，Iwouldreturntomybedroomanddraw，fillingthepaperwithhouses，restaurantsandoffices.“WhenIgrowup，Iwantmyownstore，”Itoldmum，pointingtomydrawings.“Thatsgreat！”shesaid, “Butfirstyouhavetolearntoread.”Later，Iwasdiagnosedwithdyslexia(失讀癥).Somumtookmetoalearningcentre，whereIwasgivenreadingexercises.ButIstillstruggled.Finally，Igraduated，butIwasafraidofmyreadingskills.“Illnevergetajob！”Icriedtomumlateragain.“Dontfocusonwhatyoucantdo，”shecomforted.“Concentrateonwhatyoucan.”ButwhatcanIdo？Iwondered.Suddenly，IthoughtofthedrawingsIdmadeasachildandmydreamofhavingmyownstore.Ienjoyedsalessomuchthatoverthenextfewyears，Itriedmyhandatotherbusinesses.Today，Iwatchoversevenbranches.Wehave187employeesand15millioninsales.WhileIllneverbewhatmyteachersmighthavewanted，Iamasuccessonmyownterms.Theotherdayastudentsentmeacard，reading：Yougavemesomuchconfidence.IhopetobelikeyouwhenIambig.Tearsofjoyfilledmyeyes.Thiswasmy“A”，Ismiled.16.Whydidtheauthorfeelsoashamedatschool?A.Histeacherscoldedhiminclass.B.Histeacherrefusedtoreadhisessay.C.Hefailedtohandinhisessayontime.D.Hisclassmateslookeddownuponhim.答案D解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Myfaceburnedwithshamewhenmyclassmatescalledmestupid.”可知，作者受到了同學(xué)們的嘲笑才感到很羞愧，故D項正確。17.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthorsfeelingtohismother?A.Doubtful.B.Grateful.C.Guilty.D.Annoyed.答案B解析推理判斷題。由文章內(nèi)容可知，在媽媽的耐心陪伴和鼓勵下，作者找到了方向并最終取得了事業(yè)上的成功，由此可知，作者對媽媽心存感激，故B項正確。18.Whatdoyouknowfromthelastparagraph?A.Theauthorssuccessinspiredakid.B.Theauthorsparentswereproudoftheirchild.C.Theauthorsetagoodexampletobusinessmen.D.Theauthorsteachermusthavefeltashamed.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Theotherdayastudentsentmeacard，reading：Yougavemesomuchconfidence.IhopetobelikeyouwhenIambig.”可知，作者的成功極大地鼓舞了一個學(xué)生，故A項正確。BAlthoughourrelianceonfossilfuels(化石燃料) hascreatedglobalwarming，wenowhavetheopportunitytobeginatransformationtowardsacleanenergyeconomyonethatissupportedbyhighlyefficientindustries，fueledbyclean，renewableresources，likewind，solarandgeothermal (地熱的) energy，andbasedonmodernsmarttransportationplanning.AcleanenergyeconomyisawinforAmericanjobs.Studiesbyleadingresearchinstitutionshaveshownthatifweinvestincleanenergyoverfossilfuels，wewillcreatemoreAmericanjobs.AreportreleasedbytheUnitedSteelworkersandtheSierraClub，forexample，foundthatthankstothegrowthofwindenergy，about5,200manufacturingjobscouldbecreatedinIowaaloneoverthenextdecade.Additionalstudieshavefoundthatthousandsmorejobscouldbecreatedinotherstatesthathavesufferedindustryjoblossesandthatwelcometheopportunitytotrainworkersforthenewenergyeconomy.But，inordertofullytransittoacleanenergyeconomy，weneedourelectedofficialstotakeaction.Withoutpoliciesfromthegovernment，theprivatefieldmaycontinuetoinvestinold-fashioned，pollutingtechnologies.Morethan70coalplantswithouttechnologytocapturecarbonpollutionarenowbeingconsidered.Iftheseprojectsgoahead，thiswillbebillionsofdollarsinvestedintechnologythatisoutdatedandnot“cleancoal”.Weneedeffectivepoliciestopushgrowingcleanenergyindustriesforward.Eachofuscanplayaroleinbringingaboutthismuch-neededtransition.Tellyourbusinessandelectedleadersthatthenextgenerationdeservestogrowupinaworldpoweredbycleanenergy.Tellyourmayorthatyouwantcityplanningthatencouragesmoreefficientnewbuildingsandsidewalksandbikepathsthatmakeiteasytowalkorrideabike.Tellyourstateandnationalofficialstoinvestinenergygrids (電力網(wǎng)) thatcandeliverrenewableenergytoeveryone.Tellyourcompanythatinsteadofold-stylecoalpoweryouwanttobuysolar，wind，orgeothermalenergy.Tellyourelectedofficialsthatyouwantnationalpoliciesthatencourageinvestorstomakelong-termcommitmentstocleanenergy.19.Theunderlinedpart“atransformation”inParagraph1refersto“”.A.achangefromfossilfuelstocleanenergyB.achoiceforfossilfuelsC.achanceofdevelopingmodernindustriesD.achoiceforglobalwarming答案A解析詞義猜測題。前面指化石燃料，后面提到用干凈的能源，兩者之間是一種改變，故答案為A。20.AccordingtoParagraph2，acleanenergyeconomy.A.hashelpeddevelopmorewindenergyB.isquitebeneficialtoordinarypeopleC.hasdevelopedfastinmoststatesoftheUSD.isvaluedbythegovernmentsaroundtheworld答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句中的“.ifweinvestincleanenergyoverfossilfuels，wewillcreatemoreAmericanjobs.”可推斷，它能夠增加就業(yè)機會，對普通人很有好處，故答案為B。21.Whichofthefollowingisamajorconcerntothegovernmentaccordingtothepassage?A.Investmentsincleanenergy.B.Coalplantswithoutadvancedtechnology.C.Technologyforcapturingcarbonpollution.D.Policiesonthegooduseofcleanenergy.答案D解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Withoutpoliciesfromthegovernment.”和最后一句“Weneedeffectivepoliciestopushgrowingcleanenergyindustriesforward.”可知，答案為D。.語法填空(2017山東淄川一中高二上月考)Aftermidnightitbeganpouringdown.Suddenly，bythelightofthelightning，wesaw22.asteamboatinthemiddleoftheriver，andweweresailingstraighttowardsit.JimandIboardedthatsinkingship,23.thinking(think) thatwemightfindsomething24.useful(use) ontheboat.Toour25.astonishment(astonish)，wesawalightandsomepeopleinacabin.JimwastoofrightenedtogoonbutIfeltcurious，wondering26.whatwashappening.SoIputmyheadroundthedoorandthenIfoundtwomen.Onewasshort，withabeard；the27.otherwastallandhadsomethinginhishand28.thatlookedlikeagun.Theyaregoingtokillthemanlyingonthefloor，whowas29.tied(tie) upwithrope.Itriedtosavehim，soIfoundJimandtoldhimwhatI30.hadheard (hear).Atthenews，helooked31.terrified(terrify)，butIpersuadedhimtohelpmetaketheirboataway.Aswepaddledaway，weheardthetwomenshouting，bythenwewereasafedistanceaway.短文改錯(2016福建莆田二中高二上月考)Idliketotellyousomethingmoreaboutmyschoolsportsmeet.ItwasholdingattheendofSeptember，duringwhichwehadgoodweatheralltime.Therewasover1,000studentsandteachersattendedit.WangLi，astudentfrommyclasswonthe100-meterrace.Shefinishedtheracefor12.6secondsbutbroketheschoolrecord.Thesportsmeetisreallyasuccess.Thatwasbecausewewerealltryingtodomybest.AlthoughIwasoneofthewinners，Iwasstillveryproud.答案Idliketotellyousomethingmoreaboutmyschoolsportsmeet.ItwasattheendofSeptember，duringwhichwehadgoodweatheralltime.Ther